Gertrude Stein's works encompass a variety of genres. She
explicitly called many of her works plays, operas, or novels
intending her works to be read with certain generic expectations in
mind, be it only to have them undermined. Although many writers
depart from generic norms, Stein's generic transgressions are
radical and are related to gender-specific traits of her writing.
This work examines Stein's questions about gender hierarchies,
classifications, and categories, and brings to light the direct
relationship between gender and genre in her works. Gygax looks at
a number of Stein's texts, including "Ida A Novel, A Circular Play,
Everybody's Autobiography, The Geographical History of America, "
and "Blood on the Dining-Room Floor, " which Stein called a
detective story.
Readers bring to a text a set of expectations often relating to
its genre. A novel, for example, is expected to share certain
features with other novels, which is why it is not considered a
play. But these distinctions are difficult to make, and writers
often depart from generic conventions for the sake of being
innovative. Generic expectations also closely relate to gender. For
example, an autobiography may be read in light of the gender of the
author. Like various genres, gender brings with it certain
expectations, which are largely determined by social values. Some
individuals transgress the conventional bounds of gender roles,
just as some works of literature go beyond traditional generic
frames.
The works of Gertrude Stein typically challenge the expectations
of both gender and genre. As a lesbian writer, Stein was acutely
aware of society's expectations with respect to gender. And in her
writings, she is clearly concerned with genre. She explicitly calls
many of her works plays, operas, or novels intending them to be
read with certain generic expectations in mind only to transgress
traditional generic expectations. Gygax explores why Stein was
inevitably confronted with questions about gender and generic
categories. Including a number of Stein's theoretical statements
about writing, this insightful book illuminates the relationship
between gender and genre in her works.
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