The volume contains summaries of facts, theories, and unsolved
problems pertaining to the unexplained extinction of dozens of
genera of mostly large terrestrial mammals, which occurred ca.
13,000 calendar years ago in North America and about 1,000 years
later in South America. Another equally mysterious wave of
extinctions affected large Caribbean islands around 5,000 years
ago. The coupling of these extinctions with the earliest appearance
of human beings has led to the suggestion that foraging humans are
to blame, although major climatic shifts were also taking place in
the Americas during some of the extinctions. The last published
volume with similar (but not identical) themes -- Extinctions in
Near Time -- appeared in 1999; since then a great deal of
innovative, exciting new research has been done but has not yet
been compiled and summarized. Different chapters in this volume
provide in-depth resumes of the chronology of the extinctions in
North and South America, the possible insights into animal ecology
provided by studies of stable isotopes and anatomical/physiological
characteristics such as growth increments in mammoth and mastodont
tusks, the clues from taphonomic research about large-mammal
biology, the applications of dating methods to the extinctions
debate, and archeological controversies concerning human hunting of
large mammals."
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