During the Middle Ages decorative floor tiles were used in abbey
churches, royal palaces, parish churches and the homes of wealthy
citizens. Tiles were durable and hygienic and added a new
decorative element to the interior. Despite their simple tools and
kiln equipment, the medieval tile makers proved extremely skilful
in the production of different types of tile. They ranged from
variously shaped plain tiles, which were assembled into complex
mosaic floors, to two-coloured inlaid tiles, and stamped-relief and
line-impressed tiles, all decorated with a wealth of different
patterns and designs. Many medieval tiles disappeared during
nineteenth-century restorations but the designs lived on in the
copies made by Victorian tile manufacturers. Throughout Britain,
tiles can still be seen 'in situ' on the sites of former abbeys as
well as in medieval cathedrals and parish churches, and the British
Museum has an extensive and important collection.
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