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Migrations in Prehistory - Inferring Population Movement from Cultural Remains (Paperback, New Ed)
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Migrations in Prehistory - Inferring Population Movement from Cultural Remains (Paperback, New Ed)
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Archaeologists have developed various methods of studying cultural
remains to infer population movement and other kinds of migration.
Irving Rouse, author of much distinguished work in this field, here
evaluates research on prehistoric migrations and explains why some
of these methods have been more successful than others. Rouse
begins with a discussion of the nature and ways of formulating
migration hypotheses. He then focuses on four instances in which
migration hypotheses have been successfully formed and tested:
studies of the origins of the Polynesians, Eskimos, Japanese, and
Tainos (the Indians encountered by Columbus when he discovered the
New World). Contrasting these with popular but essentially fanciful
postulations by authors such as Thor Heyerdahl and Barry Fell,
Rouse draws conclusions about the methods of testing hypotheses,
about kinds of migrations, and about their causes. He distinguishes
between population movement, in which a wave of people from one
area overwhelms the inhabitants of another area, and immigration,
in which individuals from one area penetrate another and become
absorbed into its population. Rouse argues that population movement
must be studied in terms of patterns of change in the culture of
the migrants, while immigration should be evaluated in terms of the
cultural traits introduced by the migrants. In performing these
tasks, says Rouse, archaeologists should investigate all elements
of culture and should check their results against those obtained by
linguists and physical anthropologists. Rouse's work demonstrates
not only the viability of the inference of population movements
from archaeological evidence but also the effectiveness of
collaboration and communication between branches of archaeology and
anthropology. His book is a lucid exposition of an important issue.
"This is carefully thought out and simply and clearly written
treatment of the process, or processes, of migrations in
prehistory. It will be a basic reference for all archaeologists."
-Gordon R. Willey, Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology,
Harvard University
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