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Books > Social sciences > Sociology, social studies > Social institutions > Work & labour
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Equality of Opportunity (Paperback, New Ed)
Loot Price: R1,236
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Equality of Opportunity (Paperback, New Ed)
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John Roemer points out that there are two views of equality of
opportunity that are widely held today. The first, which he calls
the nondiscrimination principle, states that in the competition for
positions in society, individuals should be judged only on
attributes relevant to the performance of the duties of the
position in question. Attributes such as race or sex should not be
taken into account. The second states that society should do what
it can to level the playing field among persons who compete for
positions, especially during their formative years, so that all
those who have the relevant potential attributes can be considered.
Common to both positions is that at some point the principle of
equal opportunity holds individuals accountable for achievements of
particular objectives, whether they be education, employment,
health, or income. Roemer argues that there is consequently a
"before" and an "after" in the notion of equality of opportunity:
before the competition starts, opportunities must be equalized, by
social intervention if need be; but after it begins, individuals
are on their own. The different views of equal opportunity should
be judged according to where they place the starting gate which
separates "before" from "after." Roemer works out in a precise way
how to determine the location of the starting gate in the different
views.
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