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Risk and Social Change in an African Rural Economy - Livelihoods in Pastoralist Communities (Paperback)
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Risk and Social Change in an African Rural Economy - Livelihoods in Pastoralist Communities (Paperback)
Series: Routledge ISS Studies in Rural Livelihoods
Expected to ship within 12 - 19 working days
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Pastoralists' role in contemporary Africa typically goes
underappreciated and misunderstood by development agencies,
external observers, and policymakers. Yet, arid and semi-arid lands
(ASAL), which are used predominantly for extensive livestock
grazing, comprise nearly half of the continent's land mass, while a
substantial proportion of national economies are based on
pastoralist activities. Pastoralists use these drylands to generate
income for themselves through the use of livestock and for the
coffers of national trade and revenue agencies. They are frequently
among the continent's most contested and lawless regions, providing
sanctuary to armed rebel groups and exposing residents to
widespread insecurity and destructive violence. The continent's
millions of pastoralists thus inhabit some of Africa's harshest and
most remote, but also most ecologically, economically, and
politically important regions. This study summarizes the findings
of a multi-year interdisciplinary research project in pastoral
areas of Kenya and Ethiopia. The cultures and ecology of these
areas are described, with a particular focus on the myriad risks
that confront people living in these drylands, and how these risks
are often triggered by highly variable rainfall conditions. The
authors examine the markets used by residents of these areas to
sell livestock and livestock products and purchase consumer goods
before turning to an analysis of evolving livelihood strategies.
Furthermore, they focus on how well-being is conditioned upon
access to livestock and access to the cash economy, gender patterns
within households and the history of development activities in the
area. The book concludes with a report on how these activities are
assessed by people in the area and what activities they prioritize
for the future. Policy in pastoral areas is often formulated on the
basis of assumptions and stereotypes, without adequate empirical
foundations. This book provides evidence on livelihood strategies
being followed in pastoral areas, and investigates patterns in
decision making and well being. It indicates the importance of
livestock to the livelihoods of people in these areas, and
identifies the critical and widespread importance of access to the
cash economy, concluding that future development activities need to
be built on the foundation of the livestock economy, instead of
seeking to replace it.
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