This book was originally conceived at a conference at the
University of Turin in Italy. The conference was organized to
examine the so-called "Malaria Hypothesis," that is to say, the
higher fitness of t- lassemia heterozygotes in a malarial
environment, and to pay tribute to the proponent of that
hypothesis, J.B.S. Haldane. Contributors to this book examine
certain genetic and evolutionary aspects of malaria which is a
major killer of human populations, especially in Africa and Asia.
There were attempts to discredit Haldane's contribution from two
directions: (a) it has been suggested that the "Malaria Hypothesis"
was known long before Haldane and that there was nothing original
about his idea (Lederberg 1999), and that (b) the hypothesis of
heterozygote su- riority was first suggested by the Italian
biologist Giuseppe Montalenti who communicated his idea to Haldane
(Allison 2004). Surely, both c- not be right. In fact, the evidence
presented in this book clearly indicates that both are wrong.
Haldane's malaria hypothesis has stimulated a great deal of
research on the genetic, evolutionary and epidemiological aspects
of malaria d- ing the last 50 years. It has opened up a whole new
chapter in the study of infectious diseases. It deserves serious
consideration. For helpful discussions we thank Lucio Luzzatto,
Alberto Piazza, Guido Modiano and David Roberts.
General
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