THE WORLD OF PROTON PUMPS Nathan Nelson uite frequently an observer
looks at a life phenomenon and asks ~himself why nature took this
route out of several other available mec anisms. In order to
understand this challenge he may first try to reconstruct the
evolution of the process taking into account the main driving
forces that were assumed to exist during the last 3. 5 billion
years on earth. Now we know that the electrochemical gradient of
protons is the universal high-energy intermediate produced and uti
lized by every living cell in nature. This high energy intermediate
is an expression of different concentrations of active protons in
the two faces of biological membranes. Why then did nature elect to
utilize a pre dominantly electrochemical gradient of protons and no
other ion? The answer to this question may lie in the environment
in which the first living creatures evolved. Some of them may have
been challenged by an acidic environment that lowered their
internal pH (by a proton leak through their membranes) to lethal
levels. To counteract these inci dents proton pumps evolved. Two
independent systems were devel oped. One was a proton pump coupled
to energetically downhill vectorial electron transport across
membranes and the second was an ATP-dependent proton pump. Both of
them pump protons outward from the cells generating an
electrochemical gradient of protons.
General
| Imprint: |
Springer-Verlag
|
| Country of origin: |
Germany |
| Series: |
Molecular Biology Intelligence Unit |
| Release date: |
August 2014 |
| First published: |
1995 |
| Authors: |
Nathan Nelson
|
| Dimensions: |
254 x 178 x 13mm (L x W x T) |
| Format: |
Paperback
|
| Pages: |
228 |
| Edition: |
Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1995 |
| ISBN-13: |
978-3-662-22267-6 |
| Categories: |
Books >
Science & Mathematics >
Biology, life sciences >
Cellular biology >
General
|
| LSN: |
3-662-22267-1 |
| Barcode: |
9783662222676 |
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