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Overcoming Bladder Disease - A Strategic Plan for Research (Paperback)
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Overcoming Bladder Disease - A Strategic Plan for Research (Paperback)
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Diseases and conditions affecting the bladder and associated
structures of the lower urinary tract are a leading cause of
urinary incontinence, pelvic pain, and kidney failure, and they
often contribute to poor quality of life. It has been estimated
that 35 million Americans suffer from bladder disease and most have
chronic conditions.Benjamin Franklin documented the poor quality of
life for people with bladder problems in 1752. He invented the
first flexible urethral catheter, made of silver and covered with
gut, to help his brother empty his bladder. Franklin's brother
suffered from bladder outlet obstruction caused by bladder stones.
Years later, Franklin, who suffered from the same problem, was
forced to catheterize himself intermittently with his own
invention. Although technology now provides better instrumentation,
medical science has not solved many cases of urinary retention-or
other problems related to the bladder-and intermittent
catheterization much as Franklin described is still used. Bladder
diseases and problems affect people of all ages, races, and ethnic
groups. Strides have been taken to improve diagnosis, management,
and treatment of bladder diseases, but many primary questions about
bladder formation, function, and disease remain. The Bladder
Research Progress Review Group (BRPRG) was formed by the National
Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIDDK) of
the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to examine the state of
bladder research in the United States and to develop a plan for
future research in this area. The members of the BRPRG are a
multidisciplinary group of recognized experts in bladder research.
Their task was a complex one because many diseases and conditions
of the urinary tract such as incontinence, obstruction,
interstitial cystitis, and spina bifida affect the bladder's
structure and function. Bladder diseases such as bladder cancer or
urinary tract infections affect specific tissues such as bladder
epithelium; thus, research on these tissues will contribute
directly to overall progress in cancer and infectious diseases
research and not to research on bladder alone. From early 2000 to
July 2001, members of the BRPRG had discussions and intensive
meetings to examine all areas of bladder-related problems
categorized by diseases and by organ or tissue in an attempt to
develop a strategic bladder research plan. This plan is provided in
this document. Overwhelmingly, the BRPRG has concluded that bladder
research in the United States is inadequate, fraught with a number
of impediments, and lags behind research in other areas that affect
the health of Americans to a similar degree. The extent of health
problems associated with the bladder emphasizes the urgent need to
expand rapidly bladder health-related research not only to
diagnose, manage, and treat bladder diseases, but also to discover
the risk and preventive factors that will ultimately improve
overall health. Recent discoveries and technological advances in
biomedical science have provided a unique opportunity to make rapid
and important advances in bladder research that might improve
diagnosis, management, and prevention of bladder problems. This
report outlines future critical research on the basic science of
the lower urinary tract and clinical studies of bladder diseases
and conditions. It also makes specific recommendations for focused
inclusion of biotechnologies that offer opportunities for bladder
research. In addition, the report describes the kinds of programs
that will provide a pipeline of new researchers through training,
new collaborations, and infrastructure to support this work. The
potential consequences of rapid progress in bladder research could
save many children, women, and men from the physical and emotional
consequences of bladder diseases and conditions.
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