This book examines causes and deterrents of transportation
accidents by mode--automobiles, truck, air, recreational boating,
commercial vessels and railroads--with the focus on accidents in
the U.S. The examination enhances our understanding for developing
effective multimodal public policies for improving transportation
safety. The discussion reveals that the primary cause of accidents
in one mode may not be the primary cause in another mode and
equally that an effective deterrent for improving safety in one
mode may not be an effective deterrent for another mode. The book
will be of interest to policy makers and investigators of
transportation safety.
The book consists of nine chapters. Following the Introduction
chapter, possible causes of highway accidents--driver, vehicle, and
highway characteristics--are examined in Chapter 2 along with
economic and environmental factors. Chapter 3 then discusses the
effectiveness of various deterrent policies--motor vehicle
inspection, the minimum legal drinking age, the speed limit, and
seat belt laws--for auto accidents, as well as the effects of
vehicle speed and speed variance on these accidents. This is
followed by a discussion of causes and deterrents of truck
accidents in Chapter 4. Chapter 5 considers air accidents,
discussing the role of economic deregulation and type of air
carrier. Chapter 6 addresses recreational boating accidents, with
particular attention given to alcohol involvement in these
accidents. Chapter 7 examines commercial vessel accidents with a
discussion of safety standards and enforcement. Chapter 8 considers
rail accidents, with particular attention given to the effects of
deregulation. The final chapter summarizes lessons learned from the
previous chapters for improving transportation safety across modes,
i.e., for reducing transportation accidents, accident risk, and
accident severity.
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