The Navajo Nation court system is the largest and most
established tribal legal system in the world. Since the landmark
1959 U.S. Supreme Court decision in "Williams v. Lee" that affirmed
tribal court authority over reservation-based claims, the Navajo
Nation has been at the vanguard of a far-reaching, transformative
jurisprudential movement among Indian tribes in North America and
indigenous peoples around the world to retrieve and use traditional
values to address contemporary legal issues.
A justice on the Navajo Nation Supreme Court for sixteen years,
Justice Raymond D. Austin has been deeply involved in the movement
to develop tribal courts and tribal law as effective means of
modern self-government. He has written foundational opinions that
have established Navajo common law and, throughout his legal
career, has recognized the benefit of tribal customs and traditions
as tools of restorative justice.
In "Navajo Courts and Navajo Common Law," Justice Austin
considers the history and implications of how the Navajo Nation
courts apply foundational Navajo doctrines to modern legal issues.
He explains key Navajo foundational concepts like Hozho (harmony),
K'e (peacefulness and solidarity), and K'ei (kinship) both within
the Navajo cultural context and, using the case method of legal
analysis, as they are adapted and applied by Navajo judges in
virtually every important area of legal life in the tribe.
In addition to detailed case studies, Justice Austin provides a
broad view of tribal law, documenting the development of tribal
courts as important institutions of indigenous self-governance and
outlining how other indigenous peoples, both in North America and
elsewhere around the world, can draw on traditional precepts to
achieve self-determination and self-government, solve community
problems, and control their own futures.
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