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Paradigms of Freedom (Hardcover)
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Paradigms of Freedom (Hardcover)
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The integrity of the human being made in the image and likeness of
God (Genesis 1:26) has been a challenge confronting not just the
theologian, but great rulers, politicians, reformers, scientists,
poets, artists, composers and novelists over centuries. The
Orthodox Tradition might note that our human condition in time and
space is shaped and challenged by this journey from likeness to
image. Biblically we journey to see the face of God. Less
theologically, the human condition is shaped by the tensions and
contradictions as we journey to seek afreedom'. Paradigms of
Freedom explores, in the context of the unfolding of modern
history, how this challenge has been compounded and enriched by the
people and institutions who have sought to find and promote the
concept of freedom (and issues of personal liberty) in the face of
contrary or oppressive circumstances and systems. Importantly, it
will examine the contribution of the artist to various models of
freedom, some of which may be identified as vectors of
transcendence; when image becomes likeness. The nature of human
society, the sense of social harmony and paternalistic control that
characterized society for centuries, and especially the emergence
of Western culture, began to crumble in the fourteenth century with
the cataclysmic onslaught of the Black Death; the challenge to the
monolithic power of the Church and the nature of feudalism; the
growth of new philosophical and political theories; and overall
crumbling of authority. In the fifteenth century new developments
like the invention of printing; the standardization of modern
languages; and the global expansion of exploration, mercantilism
and colonization presented unprecedented horizons of growth and
challenges to the place and meaning of humanity in the world. These
challenges are embodied in the Renaissance and Reformation, where
the very foundations of belief and knowledge were questioned in new
processes of discovery in both the world and the cosmos. The nature
of freedom to search, to question and to discover new things
brought about political and intellectual developments in an
ever-expanding series of movements and interrogations. Moved by the
annals of the times, individuals have sought to understand and
perpetuate the heroic struggles through their own creative power.
This in turn can draw us to share in those lost or sorrowful times,
and reflect on the sacrifice and vision of those who have been
prepared to witness fearlessly to the indomitable spirit of
mankind, and his slow but inexorable movement or journey into the
light. This exposition will examine various types/paradigms that
have proposed and embodied concepts of freedom. These have tried,
and often succeeded, in serving as vectors of transcendence,
meditating on and mediating human aspiration. Such reflective
movements of mind and heart are embodied both contemporaneously and
retrospectively in various historical movements, political gestures
and artistic creativity that have provoked thoughts on human
liberty: political actions, decrees, philosophy, books, pictorial
art, novels, poetry, theatre, opera and film. Representatives and
examples (in words and imagery) of all these modes are exemplified
in the chapters that explore certain iconic movements and
personalities in some of the key historical and social events of
the past six centuries. The process is of necessity selective.
Religious conflict, freedom of thought and denomination, the wars
fought over faith and control of the land, the desire for liberty
of choice, challenging new discoveries in science and geography,
cosmology, colonialism and slavery, Enlightenment, revolution and
the search for national identity and independenceathese are all
areas that have absorbed human thought, knowledge and aspiration,
and resulted in inevitable artistic reflection. This is not a
history but a consideration of mankind's search to be free, and how
this striving is embodied in the poetry of liberation.
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