Shortly after midnight on March 24, 1989, the 987-foot tank vessel
Exxon Valdez struck Bligh Reef in Prince William Sound, Alaska.
What followed was the largest oil spill in U.S. history. The oil
slick has spread over 3,000 square miles and onto over 350 miles of
beaches in Prince William Sound, one of the most pristine and
magnificent natural areas in the country. Experts still are
assessing the environmental and economic implications of the
incident. The job of cleaning up the spill is under way, and
although the initial response proceeded slowly, major steps have
been taken.
The very large spill size, the remote location, and the
character of the oil all tested spill preparedness and response
capabilities. Government and industry plans, individually and
collectively, proved to be wholly insufficient to control an oil
spill of the magnitude of the Exxon Valdez incident. Initial
industry efforts to get equipment on scene were unreasonably slow,
and once deployed the equipment could not cope with the spill.
Moreover, the various contingency plans did not refer to each other
or establish a workable response command hierarchy. This resulted
in confusion and delayed the cleanup.
Prepared by the National Response Team, this report was
requested by the President and undertaken by Secretary of
Transportation Samuel K. Skinner and Environmental Protection
Agency Administrator William K. Reilly. The report addresses the
preparedness for, the response to, and early lessons learned from
the Exxon Valdez incident. The President has also asked Secretary
Skinner to coordinate the efforts of all federal agencies involved
in the cleanup and Administrator Reilly to coordinate the long-term
recovery of the affected areas of the Alaskan environment. These
efforts are ongoing.
The report addresses a number of important environmental,
energy, economic, and health implications of the incident.
General
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