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The Variation Theory of Comparative Literature (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2013)
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The Variation Theory of Comparative Literature (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2013)
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Seeing the restrictions of former studies in Comparative Literature
and aiming to amend these deficiencies, the author of this book
mainly discusses the major theoretical significance and academic
value of the Variation Theory in the whole process of the
development of Comparative Literature in the world. In China the
seminal comparative study of literature among different cultures
can be dated back to ancient China, while the founding of
comparative literature as a distinct academic discipline has to be
largely owing to the influence of the West. The modern Chinese
study of comparative literature formed its uniqueness under Western
influence. The direct influence of the translation of western
theories into China is remarkable. However, in the course of
translation and reception of Western theories, Chinese comparatists
and intellectuals have been encountering various problems, and
solving them with an alternative method accordingly different from
the traditional methods proposed by the French School and the
American School. Therefore, in this book, modern Chinese study of
comparative literature is put in a historical context with regard
to the theoretical issue of the discipline in China through the
entire 20th century. At present, many scholars in China and in
other countries agree that, with the influence study proposed by
the French School and the study of analogy advocated by the
American School, the entire theoretical system of Comparative
Literature is well built. However, when the comparative study of
literature between East and West is concerned, the theory of
Comparative Literature is far from perfect. It is not only because
many problems still exist, but there are significant defects in
their theoretical bases respectively. Many researches have proven
that even with the influence study and the study of analogy, we
still can not solve many problems in the practice of studies in
comparative literature. This does not mean that we have no respect
for the contributions of the French School and the American School;
we just want to attach importance to literary variations, which is
a phenomenon that has long been neglected. The purpose of putting
forward the Variation Theory in Comparative Literature is to
provide new perspectives, new methods and new theory to the study
of comparative literature, which may be a major breakthrough in the
international arena of Comparative Literature. The neglect of
literary variation is mainly because all the previous theories
about comparative literature start off in search of similarities
but not differences. Accordingly, in 1990s heterogeneity as a
premise of comparability was put forward. And later, the variation
theory was further advanced. It is not only the important
phenomenon in literary communication, but also the most valuable
research object in Comparative Literature. Still, it will be an
important path to cultural innovation. The Variation Theory may
make up the major flaws of theories by both French school and the
American School since it focus on heterogeneity and variability in
cross-cultural literary events, especially the ones of
inter-civilization which will be a new course for comparative
literature. Throughout the history of literature and the history of
literary communication, collisions between different civilizations
have always been producing new literary events which make the
heterogeneity of different civilizations and variability traceable.
The higher stage of literary communication may mean dialogue and
blend between different cultures. The overarching concerns of this
book include different levels of variation in literary
communication and the studies of different objects. The
introduction begins with a literature review of major achievements
made by the French School and the American School with pointing out
what they have neglected. The body of the book is divided into
three parts. In the first part, Chapter 1 deals with the major
contributions of influence study and its weaknesses. The
origination of comparative literature in most of European countries
is reviewed first, and then the major contributions of the French
School are listed to point out its merits and weaknesses. The
author discusses the relation between Influence Study and the
Variation Theory and the importance of the French school in
theoretical development of comparative literature is stressed too.
Chapter 2 offers a critical introduction and reflection on the
study of analogy . Both its major contributions and weaknesses are
made clear to further illustrate the relationship between
interpretation and the Variation Theory. And the discursive
variation is discussed. Part II is a transitional part with only
one chapter that gives a clear account of phenomenon of variation
from international perspective. Part III consists of four chapters.
Chapter 4 offers a detailed description of The Variation Theory in
cross-languages context. Chapter 5 deals with cross-cultural
variation in homogeneous circle of civilization. Chapter 6
discusses the variation among heterogeneous civilization. For a
long period of time the theoretical study of comparative literature
in China has largely been confined to the Chinese academic arena,
thus has long been neglected. On one hand western comparatists have
gradually realized the importance of a non-western perspective in
the study of the discipline; on the other hand, few books are
available to introduce the recent development of comparative
literature study in China. Compared with the enthusiastic reception
of the theories of the French School and the American School, the
theories of Chinese comparatists receives relatively little
attention in western countries. In this sense, the proposed book
attempts to challenge the myth of monolithic theories of
comparative literature, trying to construct an alternative theory
of the discipline.
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