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Clock Synchronization & Navigation in the Vicinity of the Earth (Paperback)
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Clock Synchronization & Navigation in the Vicinity of the Earth (Paperback)
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Clock synchronisation is the backbone of applications such as
high-accuracy satellite navigation, geolocation, space-based
interferometry, and cryptographic communication systems. The high
accuracy of synchronisation needed over satellite-to-ground and
satellite-to-satellite distances requires the use of general
relativistic concepts. The role of geometrical optics and antenna
phase centre approximations are discussed in high accuracy work.
The clock synchronisation problem is explored from a general
relativistic point of view, with emphasis on the local measurement
process and the use of the tetrad formalism as the correct model of
relativistic measurements. The treatment makes use of J. L. Synge's
world function of space-time as a basic co-ordinate independent
geometric concept. A metric is used for space-time in the vicinity
of the Earth, where co-ordinate time is proper time on the geoid.
The problem of satellite clock syntonisation is analysed by
numerically integrating the geodesic equations of motion for
low-Earth orbit (LEO), geosynchronous orbit (GEO), and highly
elliptical orbit (HEO) satellites. Proper time minus co-ordinate
time is computed for satellites in these orbital regimes. The
frequency shift as a function of time is computed for a signal
observed on the Earth's geoid from a LEO, GEO, and HEO satellite.
Finally, the problem of geolocation in curved space-time is briefly
explored using the world function formalism.
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