An innovative addition to the literature of military studies, this
exploration of the issues of legitimacy and commitment in the
military focuses on the contemporary military situation, critically
analyzing current "fault lines" and future trends in this area. The
editors, Thomas C. Wyatt and Reuven Gal, contend that post-World
War II wars are "different" from the two wars preceding them, that
the nontraditional wars in Algeria, Vietnam, Pakistan, Lebanon, the
Falkland Islands, and Grenada, among others, can be characterized
by issues of "national concensus" and "home support," political
debates, moral argumentations and counterargumentations,
demonstrations and alienation, and conscientious objectors. In such
wars, weapons systems, training, and tactics become secondary to
issues of legitimacy and commitment. Military organizations, too,
are different in that they are now prepared not only for wars but
also for peace and peace-keeping missions that consist of
police-type or constabulary tasks. Also, the "volunteer army" has
largely replaced the army composed mainly of conscripts, and these
better-educated soldiers are different in that they will examine
carefully the sources of military legitimation before furnishing
the unconditional commitment that is the backbone of the military
fighting spirit. The volume's eleven chapters were contributed by
an international group of leading behavioral scientists who write
from the perspectives of a wide scope of disciplines, including
psychology, sociology, history, philosophy, anthropology, and
military studies. The work is divided into three main parts that
focus on some of the theoretical puzzles inherent in the
combination of military ethicsand moral values; assess sources of
legitimacy and commitment; and detail the manifestation and
measurement of commitment and legitimacy in a variety of nations
and organizations. The subjects of conscientious objection,
educational benefits, the Army Reserve, and the Vietnamese, U.S.,
Soviet, and Israeli armies are a few of the intriguing topics
scrutinized here. As a whole, Legitimacy and Commitment in the
Military provides an essential collection for the military student,
the scholar, the soldier, and military professionals who aspire to
leadership. The various individual chapters offer unique insights
for students and researchers in the fields of ethics, history,
anthropology, and the behavioral sciences.
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