This volume provides Dilthey's most mature and best formulation
of his Critique of Historical Reason. It begins with three "Studies
Toward the Foundation of the Human Sciences," in which Dilthey
refashions Husserlian concepts to describe the basic structures of
consciousness relevant to historical understanding.
The volume next presents the major 1910 work "The Formation of
the Historical World in the Human Sciences." Here Dilthey considers
the degree to which carriers of history--individuals, cultures,
institutions, and communities--can be articulated as productive
systems capable of generating value and meaning and of realizing
purposes. Hegel's idea of objective spirit is reconceived in a more
empirical form to designate the medium of commonality in which
historical beings are immersed. Any universal claims about history
need to be framed within the specific productive systems analyzed
by the various human sciences. Dilthey's drafts for the
Continuation of the "Formation" contain extensive discussions of
the categories most important for our knowledge of historical life:
meaning, value, purpose, time, and development. He also examines
the contributions of autobiography to historical understanding and
of biography to scientific history.
The finest summary of Dilthey's views on hermeneutics can be
found in "The Understanding of Other Persons and Their
Manifestations of Life." Here, Dilthey differentiates understanding
relative to three kinds of manifestations of life. After giving his
analysis of elementary understanding, he examines the role of
induction in higher understanding and interpretation, and the
relevance of transposition and re-experiencing for grasping
individuality.
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