Routledge is now re-issuing this prestigious series of 204 volumes originally published between 1910 and 1965. The titles include works by key figures such asC.G. Jung, Sigmund Freud, Jean Piaget, Otto Rank, James Hillman, Erich Fromm, Karen Horney and Susan Isaacs. Each volume is available on its own, as part of a themed mini-set, or as part of a specially-priced 204-volume set. A brochure listing each title in the "International Library of Psychology" series is available upon request.

Alfred Alder's 1924 work was penned as the science of individual psychology was gaining increasing credibility and recognition. The volume covers the range of psychological issues understood at the time, whilst recognising the inevitable developments in the field as scientific knowledge and experimentation grew.

THE SCIENCE OF LIVING The Science of Living By JLlfred JLdler London George Allen W Unwin Ltd Museum Street CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE A NOTE ON THE AUTHOR AND His WORK . . 9 I THE SCIENCE OF LIVING 31 II THE INFERIORITY COMPLEX 56 III THE SUPERIORITY COMPLEX 78 IV THE STYLE OF LIFE 98 V OLD REMEMBRANCES 117 VI ATTITUDES AND MOVEMENTS 135 VII DREAMS AND THEIR INTERPRETATION . . .154 VIII PROBLEM CHILDREN AND THEIR EDUCATION . 173 IX SOCIAL PROBLEMS AND SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT . 199 X SOCIAL FEELING, COMMON SENSE AND THE INFERIORITY COMPLEX 215 XI LOVE AND MARRIAGE 231 XII SEXUALITY AND SEX PROBLEMS 249 XIII CONCLUSION . 268 THE SCIENCE OF LIVING A NOTE ON THE AUTHOR AND HIS WORK DR. ALFRED ADLERS work in psychology, while it is scientific and general in method, is essentially the study of the separate personalities we are, and is therefore called Individual Psychology. Concrete, particular, unique human beings are the subjects of this psychology, and it can only be truly learned from the men, women and chil dren we meet. The supreme importance of this contribution to modern psychology is due to the manner in which it reveals how all the activities of the soul are drawn together into the service of the individual, how all his faculties and strivings are related to one end. We are enabled by this to enter into the ideals, the difficulties, the efforts and discourage ments of our fellow-men, in such a way that we may obtain a whole and living picture of each as a personality. In this co-ordinating idea, some thing like finality is achieved, though we must 9 A THE SCIENCE OF LIVING understand it as finality of foundation. There has never before been a method so rigorous and yet adaptable for followingthe fluctuations of that most fluid, variable and elusive of all real ities, the individual human soul. Since Adler regards not only science but even intelligence itself as the result of the communal efforts of humanity, we shall find his conscious ness of his own unique contribution more than usually tempered by recognition of his collabora tors, both past and contemporary. It will there fore be useful to consider Adlers relation to the movement called Psycho-analysis, and first of all to recall, however briefly, the philosophic im pulses which inspired the psycho-analytic move ment as a whole. The conception of the Unconscious as vital memory biological memory is common to modern psychology as a whole. But Freud, from the first a specialist in hysteria, took the mem ories of success or failure in the sexual life, as of the first and almost the only importance. Jung, a psychiatrist of genius, has tried to widen this distressingly narrow view, by seeking to re veal the super-individual or racial memories 10 A NOTE ON THE AUTHOR AND HIS WORK which, he believes, have as much power as the sexual and a higher kind of value for life. It was left to Alfred Adler, a physician of wide and general experience, to unite the con ception of the Unconscious more firmly with biological reality. A man of the original school of psycho-analysts, he had done much work by that method of analyzing memories out of their coagulated emotional state into clearness and ob jectivity. But he showed that the whole scheme of memory is different in every individual. In dividuals do not form their unconscious memories all around the same central motive not all around sexuality, for instance. In every indi vidual wefind an individual way of selecting its experiences from all possible experience. What is the principle of that selectivity Adler has an swered that it is, fundamentally, the organic con sciousness of a need, of some specific inferiority which has to be compensated. It is as though every soul had consciousness of its whole physical reality, and were concentrated, with sleepless in sistence, upon achieving compensation for the defects in it...

Originally published in 1929 the individual psychological interpretation of this autobiography was first presented by Alfred Adler to a group of psychiatrists and pedagogues in Vienna. The story of the development of a neurosis is told in this book. A young girl relates the fascinating story of her unhappy life, the psychologist comments on her remarks and leads the reader to an understanding of the blunders and mistakes which have made her life so full of suffering. Publication of this book in its day was intended to bring the growing interest in Adler s Individual Psychology to a wider audience. Today it can be read and enjoyed in its historical context."

First published in 1930 this book was written under the leadership and inspiration of Alfred Adler. He and a group of physicians and educators organized 28 child guidance clinics in Vienna, Berlin and Munich in the years prior to publication. Conducted according to the tenets of Individual Psychology, these clinics revealed many new and stimulating problems that they felt were as applicable to conditions in America and England at the time as in the experimental countries. The book was designed as an organized and connected account of the problems, accomplishments and failures encountered in the daily work, reported from actual experience by the experts in charge. Adler edited the volume and assigned each subject to the specialist in that field. The result was designed to be of value to the welfare worker, the physician, and the forward-looking parent of the time. Today it can be read and enjoyed in its historical context.

Originally published in 1930 "The Science of Living" looks at Individual Psychology as a science. Adler discusses the various elements of Individual Psychology and its application to everyday life: including the inferiority complex, the superiority complex and other social aspects, such as, love and marriage, sex and sexuality, children and their education. This is an important book in the history of psychoanalysis and Adlerian therapy.

Originally published in 1928 this book was an attempt to acquaint the general public with the fundamentals of Individual Psychology. At the same time it is a demonstration of the practical application of these principles to the conduct of everyday relationships, and the organization of our personal life. Based upon a years lectures to audiences at the People s Institute in Vienna, the purpose of the book was to point out how the mistaken behaviour of the individual affects harmony of our social and communal life; to teach the individual to recognize their own mistakes; and finally, to show them how they may effect a harmonious adjustment to the communal life. Adler felt that mistakes in business or in science were costly and deplorable, but mistakes in the conduct of life are usually dangerous to life itself. This book is dedicated by the author in his preface to the task of illuminating man s progress toward a better understanding of human nature. "

First Published in 1999. This is Volume II of twenty-one of the Individual Differences Psychology series. Written in 1921, this study outlines a comparative Individualistic Psychology and Psychotherapy.

Routledge is now re-issuing this prestigious series of 204 volumes originally published between 1910 and 1965. The titles include works by key figures such asC.G. Jung, Sigmund Freud, Jean Piaget, Otto Rank, James Hillman, Erich Fromm, Karen Horney and Susan Isaacs. Each volume is available on its own, as part of a themed mini-set, or as part of a specially-priced 204-volume set. A brochure listing each title in the "International Library of Psychology" series is available upon request.

Originally published in 1930, this title looks at the education of children. Adler believes the problems from a psychological point of view are the same as for adults, that of self-knowledge and rational self-direction. However, the difference being that due to the 'immaturity of children, the question of guidance - never wholly absent in the case of adults - takes on supreme importance.' The title starts by presenting the Individual Psychology viewpoint as a whole, with the later chapters undertaking to tackle in more depth the various interrelated problems of children's education.

First published in 1930 this book was written under the leadership and inspiration of Alfred Adler. He and a group of physicians and educators organized 28 child guidance clinics in Vienna, Berlin and Munich in the years prior to publication. Conducted according to the tenets of Individual Psychology, these clinics revealed many new and stimulating problems that they felt were as applicable to conditions in America and England at the time as in the experimental countries. The book was designed as an organized and connected account of the problems, accomplishments and failures encountered in the daily work, reported from actual experience by the experts in charge. Adler edited the volume and assigned each subject to the specialist in that field. The result was designed to be of value to the welfare worker, the physician, and the forward-looking parent of the time. Today it can be read and enjoyed in its historical context.

Originally published in 1928 this book was an attempt to acquaint the general public with the fundamentals of Individual Psychology. At the same time it is a demonstration of the practical application of these principles to the conduct of everyday relationships, and the organization of our personal life. Based upon a years' lectures to audiences at the People's Institute in Vienna, the purpose of the book was to point out how the mistaken behaviour of the individual affects harmony of our social and communal life; to teach the individual to recognize their own mistakes; and finally, to show them how they may effect a harmonious adjustment to the communal life. Adler felt that mistakes in business or in science were costly and deplorable, but mistakes in the conduct of life are usually dangerous to life itself. This book is dedicated by the author in his preface 'to the task of illuminating man's progress toward a better understanding of human nature.'

Originally published in 1930 The Science of Living looks at Individual Psychology as a science. Adler discusses the various elements of Individual Psychology and its application to everyday life: including the inferiority complex, the superiority complex and other social aspects, such as, love and marriage, sex and sexuality, children and their education. This is an important book in the history of psychoanalysis and Adlerian therapy.

Originally published in 1929 the individual psychological interpretation of this autobiography was first presented by Alfred Adler to a group of psychiatrists and pedagogues in Vienna. The story of the development of a neurosis is told in this book. A young girl relates the fascinating story of her unhappy life, the psychologist comments on her remarks and leads the reader to an understanding of the blunders and mistakes which have made her life so full of suffering. Publication of this book in its day was intended to bring the growing interest in Adler's Individual Psychology to a wider audience. Today it can be read and enjoyed in its historical context.

Originally published in 1930, this title looks at the education of children. Adler believes the problems from a psychological point of view are the same as for adults, that of self-knowledge and rational self-direction. However, the difference being that due to the 'immaturity of children, the question of guidance - never wholly absent in the case of adults - takes on supreme importance.' The title starts by presenting the Individual Psychology viewpoint as a whole, with the later chapters undertaking to tackle in more depth the various interrelated problems of children's education.

2011 Reprint of 1930. Full facsimile of the original edition, not reproduced with Optical Recognition Software. Adler left behind many theories and practices that very much influenced the world of psychiatry. Today these concepts are known as Adlerian psychology. His theories focused on the feelings of inferiority, and how each person tries to overcome such feelings by overcompensating (trying too hard to make up for what is lacking). Adler claimed that an individual's lifestyle becomes established by the age of four or five, and he stressed the importance of social forces, or the child's environment, on the development of behavior. He believed that each person is born with the ability to relate to other people and realize the importance of society as a whole. As a therapist, Adler was a teacher who focused on a patient's mental health, not sickness. Adler encouraged self-improvement by pinpointing the error in patients' lives and correcting it. He thought of himself as an enabler, one who guides the patient through "self-determination," so that the patients themselves can make changes and improve their state. Adler was a pioneer in that he was one of the first psychiatrists to use therapy in social work, the education of children, and in the treatment of criminals. The Science of Living is an intended to help the reader realize his potential.