Gender inequalities in education - in terms of systematic variations in access to educational institutions, in competencies, school marks, and educational certificates along the axis of gender - have tremendously changed over the course of the 20th century. Although this does not apply to all stages and areas of the educational career, it is particularly obvious looking at upper secondary education. Before the major boost of educational expansion in the 1960s, women's participation in upper secondary general education, and their chances to successfully finish this educational pathway, have been lower than men's. However, towards the end of the 20th century, women were outperforming men in many European countries and beyond. The international contributions to this book attempt to shed light on the mechanisms behind gender inequalities and the changes made to reduce this inequality. Topics explored by the contributors include gender in science education in the UK; women's education in Luxembourg in the 19th and 20th century; the 'gender gap' debates and their rhetoric in the UK and Finland; sociological perspectives on the gender-equality discourse in Finland; changing gender differences in West Germany in the 20th century; the interplay of subjective well-being and educational attainment in Switzerland; and a psychological perspective on gender identities, gender-related perceptions, students' motivation, intelligence, personality, and the interaction between student and teacher gender. This book was originally published as a special issue of Educational Research.

Jungian Perspectives on Rebirth and Renewal brings together an international selection of contributors on the themes of rebirth and renewal. With their emphasis on evolutionary ancestral memories, creation myths and dreams, the chapters in this collection explore the indigenous and primordial bases of these concepts. Presented in eight parts, the book elucidates the importance of indirect, associative, mythological thinking within Jungian psychology and the efficacy of working with images as symbols to access unconscious creative processes. Part I begins with a comparative study of the significance of the phoenix as symbol, including its image as Jung's family crest. Part II focuses on Native American indigenous beliefs about the transformative power of nature. Part III examines synchronistic symbols as liminal place/space, where the relationship between the psyche and place enables a co-evolution of the psyche of the land. Part IV presents Jung's travels in India and the spiritual influence of Indian indigenous beliefs had on his work. Part V expands on the rebirth of the feminine as a dynamic, independent force. Part VI analyses ancestral memories evoked by the phoenix image, exploring archetypal narratives of infancy. Part VII focuses on eco-psychological, synchronistic carriers of death, rebirth and renewal through mythic characterisations. Finally, part VIII explores the mythopoetic, visionary dimensions of rebirth and renewal that give literary expression to indigenous people/primordial psyche re-navigated through popular literature. The chapters both mirror and synchronise a rebirth of Jungian and non-Jungian academic interest in indigenous peoples, creation myths, oral traditions and narrative dialogue as the 'primordial psyche' worldwide, and the book includes one chapter supplemented by an online video. This collection will be inspiring reading for academics and students of analytical psychology, Jungian and post-Jungian studies and mythology, as well as analytical psychologists, Jungian analysts and Jungian psychotherapists. To access the online video which accompanies Evangeline Rand's chapter, please request a password at http://www.evangelinerand.com/life_threads_orissa_awakenings.html

Young Sophia has lived in so many different countries, she can barely keep count. Stationed now with her family in Central America because of her parents' work, Sophia feels displaced as an American living abroad, when she has hardly spent any of her life in America. Everything changes when she reads a letter she was never meant to see and uncovers her parents' secret. They are not who they say they are. They are working for the CIA. As Sophia tries to make sense of this news, and the web of lies surrounding her, she begins to question everything. The impact that this has on Sophia's emerging sense of self and understanding of the world makes for a page-turning exploration of lies and double lives. In the hands of this extraordinary graphic storyteller, this astonishing true story bursts to life.

This unique study brings together for the first time two of the most important philosophers of this century. Never before have these two thinkers been compared - and commentators' opinions on their relationship differ greatly. Are the views of Wittgenstein and Quine on method and the nature of philosophy comparable or radically opposed? Does Wittgenstein's concept of language engender that of Quine, or threaten its philosophical foundations?
An understanding of the similarities and differences between the thought of Wittgenstein and of Quine is essential if we are to have a full picture of contemporary philosophy. This collection of essays offers diverse and original ways in which to view their relationship.

Full Contributors:
Peter Hacker, St John's College, Oxford, Burton Dreben, Harvard University, Christopher Hookway, University of Sheffield, Roger Gibson, Washington University, Douglas Winblad, Vassar College, John Canfield, University of Toronto, Hans-Johann Glock, University of Reading, Ilham Dilman, University College of Swansea, Robert Arrington, Georgia State University, Stuart Shanker, York University, John Post, Vanderbilt University

Although there is a vast amount of secondary literature on the "Philosophical Investigations", very little exists which considers the exegesis of this text. The apparently disjointed structure of the book has often been taken as a licence for interpreting passages out of context. This collection aims to show how important it is to consider the arguments which specify or authorize particular readings of certain passages. The essays are by Wittgenstein scholars. All approach the "Investigations" with the conviction that prior to pronouncements of the relevance or tenability of certain remarks one must always carefully consider Wittgenstein's text itself and locate the puzzling passages in their (immediate or original) contexts. Diverse exegetical approaches are represented; while some believe that the "Investigations" can be read as an independent text, others find it essential to look at the context of a particular remark, or of variations on it, in Wittgenstein's other texts. A debate emerges as authors differ in their assessment of the philosophical value of their material. This book should be of interest to advanced students and teachers of philosophy.

A beautiful and touching memoir of Allison Glock's grandmother, this is both an extraordinary portrait of a truly remarkable woman and a engaging history of 20th century Appalachia. '"Beauty before comfort," she would say as she trimmed her brows and cinched her belts corset-tight. My grandmother is so beautiful she has never once been comfortable, a cross she bears with the subtlety of Liberace.' So writes Allison Glock at the start of her remarkable memoir, the story of her maternal grandmother, Aneita Jean Blair, and the extraordinary life she led growing up in Chester, West Virginia, a sooty factory town wedged between the unforgiving Appalachians and the Ohio River. As a girl, a young woman, and even late in life as a grandmother, Aneita Jean had a magnetism that attracted and enchanted all she came into contact with. Allison Glock takes us through the stages of her life, capturing not only the irrepressible vitality of a woman born ahead of her time, but also the eccentricities of a small-town, working-class West Virginia family, trying to survive the Great Depression and the Second World War. Aneita, blessed with 'the body of Miss America' was determined that she would escape the town that was holding her back. That she never made it, and the pattern that her life ended up taking, is just another small-town tragedy of the vanished dreams of one extraordinary person. Allison Glock writes with humour, lyricism and beauty to create a truly unforgettable portrait of a remarkable person.

First published in 1992. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

A COMPANION TO WITTGENSTEIN The most comprehensive survey of Wittgenstein's thought yet compiled, this volume of fifty newly commissioned essays by leading interpreters of his philosophy is a keynote addition to the Blackwell Companions to Philosophy series. Full of penetrating insights into the life and work of the most important philosopher of the twentieth century, the collection explores the full range of Wittgenstein's contribution to philosophy. It includes essays on his intellectual development, his work in logic and mathematics, philosophy of language, philosophy of mind and action, epistemology, ethics, philosophy of religion, and much else. As well as examining Wittgenstein's contribution to human understanding in detail, the Companion features vital contextual analysis that traces the relationship between his ideas and those of other philosophers and schools of thought, including the Aristotelian and continental philosophical traditions. Authors also address prominent themes that remain current in today's philosophical debates, explaining Wittgenstein's continuing legacy alongside his historical significance. Essential reading for scholars of philosophy at all levels, A Companion to Wittgenstein combines engaging commentary with unrivaled academic authority.

A set of easy to use techniques helps students discover for themselves how grammar works in real world contexts and how grammatical choices are not just about form but about meaning. Sample teaching ideas, covering a wide range of grammatical topics including verb tense, voice, reference and the organization of texts, accompanies each procedure.

A set of easy to use techniques helps students discover for themselves how grammar works in real world contexts and how grammatical choices are not just about form but about meaning. Sample teaching ideas, covering a wide range of grammatical topics including verb tense, voice, reference and the organization of texts, accompanies each procedure.

Jungian Perspectives on Rebirth and Renewal brings together an international selection of contributors on the themes of rebirth and renewal. With their emphasis on evolutionary ancestral memories, creation myths and dreams, the chapters in this collection explore the indigenous and primordial bases of these concepts. Presented in eight parts, the book elucidates the importance of indirect, associative, mythological thinking within Jungian psychology and the efficacy of working with images as symbols to access unconscious creative processes. Part I begins with a comparative study of the significance of the phoenix as symbol, including its image as Jung's family crest. Part II focuses on Native American indigenous beliefs about the transformative power of nature. Part III examines synchronistic symbols as liminal place/space, where the relationship between the psyche and place enables a co-evolution of the psyche of the land. Part IV presents Jung's travels in India and the spiritual influence of Indian indigenous beliefs had on his work. Part V expands on the rebirth of the feminine as a dynamic, independent force. Part VI analyses ancestral memories evoked by the phoenix image, exploring archetypal narratives of infancy. Part VII focuses on eco-psychological, synchronistic carriers of death, rebirth and renewal through mythic characterisations. Finally, part VIII explores the mythopoetic, visionary dimensions of rebirth and renewal that give literary expression to indigenous people/primordial psyche re-navigated through popular literature. The chapters both mirror and synchronise a rebirth of Jungian and non-Jungian academic interest in indigenous peoples, creation myths, oral traditions and narrative dialogue as the 'primordial psyche' worldwide, and the book includes one chapter supplemented by an online video. This collection will be inspiring reading for academics and students of analytical psychology, Jungian and post-Jungian studies and mythology, as well as analytical psychologists, Jungian analysts and Jungian psychotherapists. To access the online video which accompanies Evangeline Rand's chapter, please request a password at http://www.evangelinerand.com/life_threads_orissa_awakenings.html

This lucid and accessible dictionary presents technical terms that Wittgenstein introduced into philosophical debate or transformed substantially, and also topics to which he made a substantial contribution. Hans-Johann Glock places Wittgenstein's ideas in their relevance to current debates. The entries delineate Wittgenstein's lines of argument on particular issues, assessing their strengths and weaknesses, and shed light on fundamental exegetical controversies.

The dictionary entries are prefaced by a 'Sketch of a Intellectual Biography', which links the basic themes of the early and later philosophy and describes the general development of Wittgenstein's thinking. Extensive textual references, a detailed index and an annotated bibliography will facilitate further study. Authoritative, comprehensive and clear, the volume will be welcomed by anyone with an interest in Wittgenstein - his life, work or influence.

Each Blackwell Philosopher Dictionary presents the life and work of an individual philosopher in a scholarly but accessible manner. Entries cover key ideas and thoughts, as well as the main themes of the philosopher's works. A comprehensive biographical sketch is also included.

Changers Book Two: Oryon finds our hero Ethan/Drew on the eve of her second metamorphosis - into Oryon, a skinny African American skater boy with more swagger than he knows what to do with. Enter a mess of trouble from the Changers Council, the closed-minded Abiders, the Radical Changers, and his best friend Audrey - at least she was his best friend when Oryon was Drew - and now, it's complicated. But that's life for Changers, an ancient race of humans who must live out each year of high school as a completely different person. Before next summer, Oryon will learn what it means to be truly loved, scared spitless, and at the centre of a burgeoning national culture war. Most of all, he will learn again how much the eyes of the world try to shape you into what they see - and how only when you resist do you clearly begin to see yourself.

Gender inequalities in education - in terms of systematic variations in access to educational institutions, in competencies, school marks, and educational certificates along the axis of gender - have tremendously changed over the course of the 20th century. Although this does not apply to all stages and areas of the educational career, it is particularly obvious looking at upper secondary education. Before the major boost of educational expansion in the 1960s, women's participation in upper secondary general education, and their chances to successfully finish this educational pathway, have been lower than men's. However, towards the end of the 20th century, women were outperforming men in many European countries and beyond. The international contributions to this book attempt to shed light on the mechanisms behind gender inequalities and the changes made to reduce this inequality. Topics explored by the contributors include gender in science education in the UK; women's education in Luxembourg in the 19th and 20th century; the 'gender gap' debates and their rhetoric in the UK and Finland; sociological perspectives on the gender-equality discourse in Finland; changing gender differences in West Germany in the 20th century; the interplay of subjective well-being and educational attainment in Switzerland; and a psychological perspective on gender identities, gender-related perceptions, students' motivation, intelligence, personality, and the interaction between student and teacher gender. This book was originally published as a special issue of Educational Research.

The American government today supports a financial system based on mortgage lending, and it often bails out the financial institutions making these mortgages. The Dead Pledge reveals the surprising origins of American mortgages and American bailouts in policies dating back to the early twentieth century. Judge Glock shows that the federal government began subsidizing mortgages in order to help lagging sectors of the economy, such as farming and construction. In order to encourage mortgage lending, the government also extended unprecedented assistance to banks. During the Great Depression, the federal government made new mortgage lending and bank bailouts the centerpiece of its recovery program. Both the Herbert Hoover and Franklin Roosevelt administrations created semipublic financial institutions, such as Fannie Mae, to provide cheap, tradable mortgages, and they extended guarantees to more banks and financiers. Ultimately, Glock argues, the desire to protect the financial system took precedence over the desire to help lagging parts of the economy, and the government became ever more tied into the financial world. The Dead Pledge recasts twentieth-century economic, financial, and political history and demonstrates why the greatest “safety net” created in this era was the one supporting finance.

Exploring all of the central themes of Wittgenstein's "oeuvre," this volume includes discussion of core topics such as meaning and use, rule following, the picture theory of language and the nature of philosophy. It also contains topics in which Wittgenstein's influence is becoming more apparent, such as intentionality and ethics. The book provides a wide-ranging collection of newly commissioned essays on Wittgenstein by internationally established philosophers, including Robert L. Arrington, Stewart Candlish, P. M. S. Hacker, Oswald Hanfling, Hide Ishiguro, Howard Mounce, Bede Rundle and D. Z. Phillips. The introductory essay explains the various perspectives of the contributors and offers an introduction to Wittgenstein's work and its development.

The essays can profitably be used in conjunction with the selections from Wittgenstein's work assembled in A. J. P. Kenny's "The Wittgenstein Reader."

The American government today supports a financial system based on mortgage lending, and it often bails out the financial institutions making these mortgages. The Dead Pledge reveals the surprising origins of American mortgages and American bailouts in policies dating back to the early twentieth century. Judge Glock shows that the federal government began subsidizing mortgages in order to help lagging sectors of the economy, such as farming and construction. In order to encourage mortgage lending, the government also extended unprecedented assistance to banks. During the Great Depression, the federal government made new mortgage lending and bank bailouts the centerpiece of its recovery program. Both the Herbert Hoover and Franklin Roosevelt administrations created semipublic financial institutions, such as Fannie Mae, to provide cheap, tradable mortgages, and they extended guarantees to more banks and financiers. Ultimately, Glock argues, the desire to protect the financial system took precedence over the desire to help lagging parts of the economy, and the government became ever more tied into the financial world. The Dead Pledge recasts twentieth-century economic, financial, and political history and demonstrates why the greatest "safety net" created in this era was the one supporting finance.

Raisin Bread Toast just outside of Lyall Bay and next to Kilbirnie, where he bought his first pair of cowboy boots. On Saturday afternoons he would with his grandmother, walk to Kilbirnie to watch the movie matinees. It was the era of swashbuckling pirates and it was their deeds that shaped his life. These stories are mostly set in New Zealand around the late fifties and sixties, a British colony until 1947. It was first discovered by Captain James Cook In 1769, and after bitter internecine warfare between the indigenous tribes, combined with white-settler lawlessness the Maoris accepted Britain's offer to govern the islands. Island, on what is now known as the Waitangi Treaty Grounds. This event occured in 1840. Exactly 116 years later Michael Glock was born in Wellington, and voila the tall tales began. Lyall Bay, red borscht and a hunt for wisdom, it all happened at Oma's house. Meet Ike and Opa, formative personalities with Munchausenian scaled tales that shaped a mind. Tall pine trees being felled by Ernst and Hans interspersed with delight-full encounters set in Los Angeles, California. A seductively beautiful collection of tender, sensual, and evocative scenes. These 'filled with wonder' tales portray the archetypal drive for wholeness and its uncanny hunger for imperfection.

Das Buch soll einen eine Erweiterung des ersten Bandes darstellen und nun Ursachen und damit verbundene Moeglichkeiten anbieten, Stereotype in der Schule zu reduzieren. Die Beitrage in diesem Buch sollen Forscher*innen dazu anregen, weiterhin in diesem Gebiet und vor allem in der Intervention zu forschen und sollen angehenden und erfahrenen Lehrkraften Anstoesse zur Selbstreflexion bieten.

Praxisnahe Forschungsarbeit, die sich mit den Potenzialen der Holzhybridbauweise fur die Immobilienentwicklung beschaftig. Dabei werden sowohl die Aspekte der Holzhybridbauweise im Kontext der Nachhalitigkeit beleuchtet, als auch im Rahmen von Experteninterviews die Chancen und Herausforderungen erfragt und ausgewertet. Ein konzeptionller Vergleich der oekologischen Auwirkungen der Holzhybridbauweise mit anderen Bauweisen und eine Wirtschaftlichkeitsanalyse dieser Bauweise runden das Werk ab und geben dem Leser umfassendes Wissen zur Konzeption von Immobilien in Holzhybridbauweise an die Hand.

Der Autor widmet sich der Haushaltsuntreue gem. 266 StGB im Zuge des staatlichen Ankaufs von Informationen. Nach einem phanomenologischen Einstieg erarbeitet er die Kriterien fur die Annahme einer untreuespezifischen Pflichtverletzung. Hierfur setzt er sich mit den Ermachtigungsgrundlagen fur den V-Leute-Einsatz und den Ankauf von Steuer-CDs/Steuerdatensatzen auseinander. Im Weiteren werden in Bezug auf den Vermoegensnachteil moegliche Kompensationsansatze und das Kriterium der materiellen Zweckwidrigkeit vorgestellt, welche auf die Haushaltsuntreue angewandt werden. Dabei wird insbesondere ausgefuhrt, inwieweit die Verfalschung des Staatswillens, moegliche Beweisverwertungsverbote und die Grundsatze der Wirtschaftlichkeit und Sparsamkeit Berucksichtigung finden koennen. In einem abschliessenden Teil bezieht der Autor Stellung, inwieweit eine Untreuestrafbarkeit auch aus dem Unterlassen von staatlichen Informationsankaufen resultieren kann.

Racial tension divides American society. Racial equality remains a distant goal. Although the potion of Black Americans has improved in recent years, the widespread enthusiasm for the Civil Rights movement has waned. Why has progress slowed? What makes racial problems in America so difficult to solve? A principal cause, according to The Anatomy of Racial Attitudes, is the way in which white Americans explain, or account for, the social conditions in which most black Americans find themselves. A substantial proportion of whites believe that stereotypes that Black Americans are relatively less well off because blacks do not try hard enough to better themselves or because of the difference due to genertics or to God's plan. Whites who hold such views have relatively little sympathy for programs designed to improve the social conditions. In contrast, whites who believe that Black Americans are kept back either by deliberate discrimination or by the accumulated social results of past discrimination are much more receptive to policies designed to help blacks. Using qualitative and quantitive data, this book explores the variety and extent of these explanations for social differences; it also describes how each explanation--or combination of explanations--influences a person's views on policies designed to bring about greater racial equality. This study promises to influence not only the course of future academic research on race relations but also the formulation of public policy to deal with racial problems. It reveals that the resistance of many whites to policies favorable to racial equality are not isolated phenomenon but instead is part of a comprehensive view of how society works. If strides toward racial equality are to be made in the foreseeable future, the insights provided here must be considered seriously by policy makers and be incorporated into their strategies. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1983.