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The Bauhaus, the school of art and design founded in Germany in
1919 and shut down by the Nazis in 1933, brought together artists,
architects and designers--among them Anni and Josef Albers, Herbert
Bayer, Marcel Breuer, Lyonel Feininger, Walter Gropius, Johannes
Itten, Vasily Kandinsky, Paul Klee, Laszlo Moholy-Nagy, Lilly
Reich, Oskar Schlemmer, Gunta Stolzl--in an extraordinary
conversation on the nature of art in the industrial age. Aiming to
rethink the form of modern life, the Bauhaus became the site of a
dazzling array of experiments in the visual arts that have
profoundly shaped the world today. "Bauhaus 1919-1933: Workshops
for Modernity," published to accompany a major multimedia
exhibition, is The Museum of Modern Art's first comprehensive
treatment of the subject since its famous Bauhaus exhibition of
1938, and offers a new generational perspective on the twentieth
century's most influential experiment in artistic education.
Organized in collaboration with the three major Bauhaus collections
in Germany (the Bauhaus-Archiv Berlin, the Stiftung Bauhaus Dessau
and the Klassic Stiftung Weimar), "Bauhaus 1919-1933" examines the
extraordinarily broad spectrum of the school's products, including
industrial design, furniture, architecture, graphics, photography,
textiles, ceramics, theater and costume design, painting and
sculpture. Many of the objects discussed and illustrated here have
rarely if ever been seen or published outside Germany. Featuring
approximately 400 color plates, richly complemented by documentary
images, "Bauhaus 1919-1933" includes two overarching essays by the
exhibition's curators, Barry Bergdoll and Leah Dickerman, that
present new perspectives on the Bauhaus. Shorter essays by more
than 20 leading scholars apply contemporary viewpoints to 30 key
Bauhaus objects, and an illustrated narrative chronology provides a
dynamic glimpse of the Bauhaus' lived history.
In the mid-1950s, declaring "there is no reason not to consider the
world as a gigantic painting," Robert Rauschenberg began a series
of radical experiments with what he called "Combines," a term he
coined to describe works that fused cast-off items like quilts or
rubber tires with traditional supports. "Canyon" (1959), one of the
artist's best-known Combines, is a large canvas affixed with paper,
fabric, metal, personal photographs, wood, mirrors and one very
striking object: a large stuffed bald eagle, wings outstretched,
carrying a drooping pillow, and balanced upon a wooden plank
jutting out from the canvas. "Canyon" is one of six Combines in
MoMA's collection, and a landmark work that helped to revolutionize
art in the postwar period. An essay by curator Leah Dickerman
explores the legacy of this extraordinary piece, and places it
within a key period in Rauschenberg's career.
In 1931, Diego Rivera was the subject of The Museum of Modern Art's
second monographic exhibition, which set attendance records in its
five-week run. The Museum brought Rivera to New York six weeks
before the opening and provided him a studio space in the building.
There he produced five portable murals large blocks of frescoed
plaster, slaked lime and wood that feature bold images drawn from
Mexican subject matter and address themes of revolution and class
inequity. After the opening, to great publicity, Rivera added three
more murals, taking on New York subjects through monumental images
of the urban working class. Published in conjunction with an
exhibition that brings together key works from Rivera's 1931 show
and related material, this vividly illustrated catalogue casts the
artist as a highly cosmopolitan figure who moved between Russia,
Mexico and the United States and examines the intersection of
art-making and radical politics in the 1930s.
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