This unique reference book provides an array of diverse perspectives on international entrepreneurship, a new and emerging field of research that blends concepts and methodologies from more traditional social sciences. The Handbook includes chapters written by top researchers of economics and sociology, as well as academic leaders in the fields of entrepreneurship and international business. State-of-the-art contributions provide up-to-date literature reviews, making this book essential for the researcher of entrepreneurship and the internationalisation of entrepreneurs.

This unique reference book provides an array of diverse perspectives on international entrepreneurship, a new and emerging field of research that blends concepts and methodologies from more traditional social sciences. The Handbook includes chapters written by top researchers of economics and sociology, as well as academic leaders in the fields of entrepreneurship and international business. State-of-the-art contributions provide up-to-date literature reviews, making this book essential for the researcher of entrepreneurship and the internationalisation of entrepreneurs.

Asia is highly regarded as one of the fastest growing regions in the world, and this unique Handbook focuses on the internationalization process and entrepreneurial dynamics of small business within the continent. Using a clear and consistent style, the Handbook examines more than 40 countries in Asia and allows researchers to compare the environment for entrepreneurship, the internationalization of entrepreneurs and the state of small business in different Asian countries. The chapters are authored by well-known scholars who provide insight into how government policies have affected the internationalization of small firms in Asia. This comprehensive reference work will provide a timely and important basis for scholars to understand entrepreneurship in Asia. Public policy analysts of international entrepreneurship and practitioners wanting to enter or extend their market in Asia will also find this volume of immense interest.

This comprehensive reference work, written by some of the most eminent academics in the field, contains entries on numerous aspects of entrepreneurship. Topics covered include: business angels, Chinese clan entrepreneurship, criminal entrepreneurship, defining the entrepreneur, employee start-ups, entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurship policy, ethics, ethnic minority entrepreneurship, family business, global entrepreneurship and transnationalism, indigenous entrepreneurship, international entrepreneurship, internationalization, involuntary entrepreneurship, Islam and entrepreneurship, mature-age entrepreneurs, pastoralism, religion as an explanatory variable for entrepreneurship, rural entrepreneurship, self-efficacy, small island entrepreneurship, social entrepreneurship and venture capital. There are also entries on individuals including Conrad Hilton, Howard Hughes and Joseph Schumpeter. Providing its readers with a unique point of reference, as well as stimulus for further research, this Encyclopedia is an indispensable tool for anyone interested in entrepreneurship, particularly students, scholars and researchers. Contributors: Z.J. Acs, K. Althoff, R.B. Anderson, A. Atherton, D.B. Audretsch, U. Backes-Gellner, G. Baldacchino, W.J. Baumol, D. Boegenhold, J. Bonnet, R.T. Bradley, T. Brau, M. Casson, P. Cussy, L.-P. Dana, T.E. Dana, A.A. Degen, S. Down, U. Fachinger, A. Fayolle, L. Ferguson, L.J. Filion, K. Frith, Y. Gasse, W.A. Ghoul, P. Gottschalk, R.T. Hamilton, M. Han, R. Harms, T.H. Hawver, J. Huebscher, P.-A. Julien, K.R. Kao, R.W.Y. Kao, R.R. Kao, T. Kautonen, P. Kilby, A.M. Kleinbaum, A. Koch, S. Kolb, S. Kraus, P. Kyroe, C. Lendner, D. Leong, I.H. Light, C.M. Mason, P.P. McDougall, G. McElwee, M. Morris, M. Niemi, J.J. Obrecht, B.M. Oviatt, J. Palmroos, A.M. Peredo, J.M. Pollack, V. Ratten, M.T. Schaper, L. Schjoedt, A.E. Singer, U. Staber, D. Storey, S. Terjesen, D. Tomasino, P. Vainio, P.C. Weber, I. Welpe, F. Welter, K. Wennberg, A. Werner

Gain a comprehensive understanding of the development of entrepreneurship across Eastern Europe Throughout Eastern Europe, post-Communist countries transitioning to market-based economies are obtaining a variety of results due to diverse policy approaches. When Economies Change Hands evaluates the nature of entrepreneurship in this region, the consequences of central planning, the reasons for internal subsistence activity, and the emergence of the sex trade in Eastern Europe. The wealth of information in this resource is clearly presented and includes thought-provoking policy prescriptions for the future.It is challenging to predict the direction emerging markets will take, particularly when dealing with the wide-ranging social and economic situations taking place in post-Communist Eastern Europe. When Economies Change Hands can help. This reference volume for policymakers, educators, investors, and researchers provides a much-needed and timely survey of the transitioning markets of post-Communist Europe. It examines the historical, sociocultural, and economic impacts of market transition. The text includes a discussion of the creation and distribution of wealth in the countries of Eastern Europe that will leave you better informed about the dynamics of transitioning economies and the growth of entrepreneurship across Eastern Europe. In addition, the book demonstrates the problems and advantages of both slow reform and rapid reform models in a thorough and easy-to-read manner. When Economies Change Hands includes vivid photos of notable entrepreneurs and a sophisticated trail of references for academics that complements the useful and meaningful information you will find in the text.When Economies Change Hands examines how various policies affect the economies of transitioning countries by incorporating and discussing: detailed definitions and comparisons of formal and parallel economies an in-depth study of entrepreneurship in the Republic of Albania, the Eastern Bloc of Comecon, The Baltic States, and the Commonwealth of Independent States pluralism in the former Yugoslav Republics analyses of governmental programs and policy prescriptions for the future and much more As the market economies of Eastern Europe develop and expand, the value of this meticulous yet accessible text will continue to increase. Whether you are a policymaker, an educator, an investor, or a researcher, When Economies Change Hands is a resource that youOCOll return to again and again as you work to understand and predict the future of post-Communist economies in Eastern Europe."

Gain a comprehensive understanding of the development of entrepreneurship across Eastern Europe Throughout Eastern Europe, post-Communist countries transitioning to market-based economies are obtaining a variety of results due to diverse policy approaches. When Economies Change Hands evaluates the nature of entrepreneurship in this region, the consequences of central planning, the reasons for internal subsistence activity, and the emergence of the sex trade in Eastern Europe. The wealth of information in this resource is clearly presented and includes thought-provoking policy prescriptions for the future. It is challenging to predict the direction emerging markets will take, particularly when dealing with the wide-ranging social and economic situations taking place in post-Communist Eastern Europe. When Economies Change Hands can help. This reference volume for policymakers, educators, investors, and researchers provides a much-needed and timely survey of the transitioning markets of post-Communist Europe. It examines the historical, sociocultural, and economic impacts of market transition. The text includes a discussion of the creation and distribution of wealth in the countries of Eastern Europe that will leave you better informed about the dynamics of transitioning economies and the growth of entrepreneurship across Eastern Europe. In addition, the book demonstrates the problems and advantages of both slow reform and rapid reform models in a thorough and easy-to-read manner. When Economies Change Hands includes vivid photos of notable entrepreneurs and a sophisticated trail of references for academics that complements the useful and meaningful information you will find in the text. When Economies Change Hands examines how various policies affect the economies of transitioning countries by incorporating and discussing: detailed definitions and comparisons of formal and parallel economies an in-depth study of entrepreneurship in the Republic of Albania, the Eastern Bloc of Comecon, The Baltic States, and the Commonwealth of Independent States pluralism in the former Yugoslav Republics analyses of governmental programs and policy prescriptions for the future and much more! As the market economies of Eastern Europe develop and expand, the value of this meticulous yet accessible text will continue to increase. Whether you are a policymaker, an educator, an investor, or a researcher, When Economies Change Hands is a resource that you'll return to again and again as you work to understand and predict the future of post-Communist economies in Eastern Europe.

Learn how to compete in international markets The nature of business has changed, and Global Marketing Co-Operation and Networks explains how and why former competitors are now joining forces. Exploring co-operation, networks, and internationalization, this collection provides you with an indispensable framework for grasping the ongoing changes in global business. In addition, it includes a new, broad-based theory of international entrepreneurship that will help you master the intricacies of global marketing.Global Marketing Co-Operation and Networks features both empirical research and conceptual studies. It provides you with important research findings about the impact of internationalization on entrepreneurs, smaller firms, and multinational giants. This valuable book contains up-to-date information from top researchers in entrepreneurship from Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, and Singapore.Global Marketing Co-Operation and Networks gives insight into the often confusing world of international business, explaining such difficult issues as: building networks to link smaller firms that have specialized knowledge and multinational firms that have marketing prowess establishing an international market presence with the help of supply and distribution networks that are already in place using group dynamics to establish successful networking choosing the best time to internationalize taking advantage of government-funded overseas trade missions to develop international marketsGlobal Marketing Co-Operation and Networks is an essential resource for executives and entrepreneurs hoping to break into international business, as well as students and researchers interested in international economics, globalization, networking, and marketing strategies.

Learn how to compete in international markets The nature of business has changed, and Global Marketing Co-Operation and Networks explains how and why former competitors are now joining forces. Exploring co-operation, networks, and internationalization, this collection provides you with an indispensable framework for grasping the ongoing changes in global business. In addition, it includes a new, broad-based theory of international entrepreneurship that will help you master the intricacies of global marketing. Global Marketing Co-Operation and Networks features both empirical research and conceptual studies. It provides you with important research findings about the impact of internationalization on entrepreneurs, smaller firms, and multinational giants. This valuable book contains up-to-date information from top researchers in entrepreneurship from Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, and Singapore.Global Marketing Co-Operation and Networks gives insight into the often confusing world of international business, explaining such difficult issues as: building networks to link smaller firms that have specialized knowledge and multinational firms that have marketing prowess establishing an international market presence with the help of supply and distribution networks that are already in place using group dynamics to establish successful networking choosing the best time to internationalize taking advantage of government-funded overseas trade missions to develop international markets Global Marketing Co-Operation and Networks is an essential resource for executives and entrepreneurs hoping to break into international business, as well as students and researchers interested in international economics, globalization, networking, and marketing strategies.

International Entrepreneurship in Emerging Markets: Contexts, Behaviours, and Successful Entry aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of international entrepreneurship in emerging markets. This collection of prominent, context-based chapters focuses on entrepreneurial activities in SMEs and analyses a specific dimension of international entrepreneurship in countries belonging to emerging markets. In a constantly evolving international business context, economies can play a crucial role in the promotion and support of firms looking for expanding their market globally. As such, internationalisation, considered as among the most challenging strategies, can provide an opportunity for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) to seek for performance and growth. In this vein, although international business literature has prominently focused on developed countries, the contribution of emerging markets (EMs) has become as increasingly important contenders on the global scene. Emerging markets are known as growing fast economies, in which they provide an opportunity for SMEs to operate. Therefore, entrepreneurial firms, SMEs in particular, can take advantage of the context unique characteristics of emerging markets to successfully operate and grow not only in domestic but also in international markets. This book is essential reading for researchers, scholars, and practitioners seeking international entrepreneurial activities related to emerging markets.

Whilst there has been an increased interest in minorities and their contribution to society, the literature on minorities and under-represented communities is still weak. This edited volume discusses entrepreneurship in the context of minorities and the role they play in society. The book looks at under-represented communities such as LGBTQ+, disadvantaged, ethnic minority, religious entrepreneurs, medically limited, indigenous, refugees, young/old and other socio-economic segments. It provides a holistic, comprehensive overview of how diversity in entrepreneurship facilitates increased levels of innovation. The book will be amongst the first to take a broad perspective of minority entrepreneurs.

This comprehensive reference work, written by some of the most eminent academics in the field, contains entries on numerous aspects of entrepreneurship. Topics covered include: business angels, Chinese clan entrepreneurship, criminal entrepreneurship, defining the entrepreneur, employee start-ups, entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurship policy, ethics, ethnic minority entrepreneurship, family business, global entrepreneurship and transnationalism, indigenous entrepreneurship, international entrepreneurship, internationalization, involuntary entrepreneurship, Islam and entrepreneurship, mature-age entrepreneurs, pastoralism, religion as an explanatory variable for entrepreneurship, rural entrepreneurship, self-efficacy, small island entrepreneurship, social entrepreneurship and venture capital. There are also entries on individuals including Conrad Hilton, Howard Hughes and Joseph Schumpeter. Providing its readers with a unique point of reference, as well as stimulus for further research, this Encyclopedia is an indispensable tool for anyone interested in entrepreneurship, particularly students, scholars and researchers. Contributors: Z.J. Acs, K. Althoff, R.B. Anderson, A. Atherton, D.B. Audretsch, U. Backes-Gellner, G. Baldacchino, W.J. Baumol, D. Boegenhold, J. Bonnet, R.T. Bradley, T. Brau, M. Casson, P. Cussy, L.-P. Dana, T.E. Dana, A.A. Degen, S. Down, U. Fachinger, A. Fayolle, L. Ferguson, L.J. Filion, K. Frith, Y. Gasse, W.A. Ghoul, P. Gottschalk, R.T. Hamilton, M. Han, R. Harms, T.H. Hawver, J. Huebscher, P.-A. Julien, K.R. Kao, R.W.Y. Kao, R.R. Kao, T. Kautonen, P. Kilby, A.M. Kleinbaum, A. Koch, S. Kolb, S. Kraus, P. Kyroe, C. Lendner, D. Leong, I.H. Light, C.M. Mason, P.P. McDougall, G. McElwee, M. Morris, M. Niemi, J.J. Obrecht, B.M. Oviatt, J. Palmroos, A.M. Peredo, J.M. Pollack, V. Ratten, M.T. Schaper, L. Schjoedt, A.E. Singer, U. Staber, D. Storey, S. Terjesen, D. Tomasino, P. Vainio, P.C. Weber, I. Welpe, F. Welter, K. Wennberg, A. Werner

There has been growing attention placed on the role of female run and managed business in the global economy due to the increasing emphasis on gender equity. Despite the importance of female entrepreneurship, there has only been recently increased research attention devoted to entrepreneurship in the context of female entrepreneurship dynamics. This edited book examines female entrepreneurship and internationalization from both a practical and policy perspective and looks at the role of female entrepreneurship in the global economy.

This rich and detailed book makes a very timely contribution to extending our understanding of entrepreneurship in its social context. Using selected examples, the respected contributors show how the values developed in religious beliefs and practices shape entrepreneurship. For too long the entrepreneur has been characterized as an isolated, economically driven individual, thus ignoring how enterprise and entrepreneurs are products of their society, their culture and their religion. This innovative book discusses both entrepreneurship and religion, as well as indicating how the synthesis of beliefs and practices combine in entrepreneurial endeavours. It provides a conceptually useful way of framing the individualistic entrepreneur in his or her social and cultural context, demonstrating how entrepreneurial agency operates within and through a variety of religious contexts. Illustrated with original photographs, this captivating book will be warmly welcomed by students and researchers with interests in entrepreneurship, sociology, religion and cultural studies. Government policy-makers in immigration will also find this book an invaluable read.

The comprehensive and thoroughly accessible International Handbook of Research on Indigenous Entrepreneurship aims to develop a multidisciplinary theory explaining entrepreneurship as a function of cultural perceptions of opportunity.The Handbook presents a multitude of fascinating, superbly illustrated studies on the facets of entrepreneurship amongst indigenous peoples. Chapters elaborating on the history, culture, values and objectives underpinning indigenous entrepreneurship introduce the subject, providing essential background information. A series of sections then convey the variances and idiosyncrasies of indigenous entrepreneurship in Africa, Asia, Europe, the Americas and the South Pacific. The Handbook concludes by drawing on its original, rich and varied empirical studies to explain why people from different cultures possess different indigenous values, and therefore different entrepreneurship experiences and practices, even when exposed to similar stimuli. Proposing that what is an opportunity for some people is less so for others with different ideals, and that opportunity recognition is largely culturally determined, this unique, colourful account of indigenous enterprise will provide an intriguing read for those with an interest in entrepreneurship and development studies.

There has been growing attention placed on the role of female run and managed business in the global economy due to the increasing emphasis on gender equity. Despite the importance of female entrepreneurship, there has only been recently increased research attention devoted to entrepreneurship in the context of female entrepreneurship dynamics. This edited book examines female entrepreneurship and internationalization from both a practical and policy perspective and looks at the role of female entrepreneurship in the global economy.

This unique Handbook illustrates how entrepreneurs across Europe tackle internationalization. This timely and important book identifies patterns and builds a theory of international entrepreneurship in Europe. The contributors discuss the performances of SMEs on the road to internationalization. Each chapter emphasizes how the process of internationalization of SMEs operates, the challenges and opportunities that arise due to each country's specific political and economic situation, and their subsequent internationalization performance. These processes, challenges and performances can be understood through theories of international business and entrepreneurship. Although at times these theories cannot fully explain certain phenomena, nevertheless they help to derive new extensions of thought. Together, they constitute a foundation for a new way of thinking about and understanding the importance and effect of internationalization of SMEs to country-level competitiveness in Europe. The role of theoretically important issues such as cooperation and trust, venture capital, research and development, learning, networks and government policy is also explored and analysed, and will be of great interest to researchers, academics and graduates interested in international business and entrepreneurship.

This book focuses on gender and family entrepreneurship, as they are interrelated concepts particularly important in today's global society. The book highlights the significance of the role of gender in the development and growth of family businesses. It helps readers understand the role of family dynamics in business, particularly in terms of succession planning, strategic development and internationalization. Often, both gender and family entrepreneurship are studied independently, but this book aims to marry both perspectives with a novel approach. This creates a synergy between gender and family entrepreneurship that increases the potential value to entrepreneurship scholarship, policy and business practice. This edited book is a useful and insightful addition to the entrepreneurship field.

This book is about the role of knowledge spillovers and strategic entrepreneurship in the management context. It focuses on how knowledge spillovers and strategic entrepreneurship are crucial to the process of creative destruction and construction. The book aims to provide insights into and discussion on how firms combine entrepreneurial action that creates new opportunities for industries, regions and economies. This book is first of its kind to link knowledge management perspectives to strategic entrepreneurship to understand the co-creation process. Being interdisciplinary in nature, this book appeals to entrepreneurship and knowledge management scholars, students and practitioners.

This handbook is focused on the analytical dimension in researching international entrepreneurship. It offers a diverse collection of chapters focused on qualitative and quantitative methods that are being practised and can be used by future researchers in the field of international entrepreneurship. The qualitative cluster covers articles, conceptual and empirical chapters as well as literature reviews, whereas the quantitative cluster analyses international entrepreneurship through a broad range of statistical methods such as regressions, panel data, structural equation modelling as well as decision-making and optimisation models in certain and uncertain circumstances. This book is essential reading for researchers, scholars and practitioners who want to learn and implement new methods in analysing entrepreneurial opportunities across national borders.

Societal Entrepreneurship and Competitiveness examines the role of society in the creation of entrepreneurial opportunities. As society undergoes demographic shifts, cultural change and technological advancement, the way individuals, companies and institutions see and react to entrepreneurship also diversifies. Chapters explore alternative dimensions of entrepreneurship by considering different societal components and assessing attitudes towards entrepreneurship, specifically in terms of competition. By focusing on competitiveness, the book provides new conceptual approaches to understanding societal entrepreneurship and considers future developments. Utilizing an international and interdisciplinary approach to examining contemporary societal entrepreneurship, the book includes research on areas such as student entrepreneurship within Australian Universities, technology-based entrepreneurship within Turkey, and microfinance and necessity entrepreneurship within Ghana. The book will benefit researchers working in the fields of sociology, anthropology and business management, and will develop practitioners' understanding of the impact society has on entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial behavior.

This book explores the historical, current and future prospects of women's entrepreneurial activities in the former Yugoslavia, a region that is currently in a process of transition from socialism to a free-market economy. Each chapter presents the past, present and future of female entrepreneurship for each individual country. Some of the questions that the book answers include: Have women been historically and culturally ignored, marginalized, or systematically forbidden to run their own businesses? What are the status quo and future prospects for this group? And, is the investment climate conducive to women-owned businesses? The book provides an extensive overview of female entrepreneurship, its promotion and development, the role of the state, and other key factors that shape the female entrepreneurship ecosystem. Readers will gain an overall perspective on the essential issues and challenges to women's entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial initiatives and innovation, policy structures and institutional support to female entrepreneurship in the region.

This handbook is focused on the analytical dimension in researching international entrepreneurship. It offers a diverse collection of chapters focused on qualitative and quantitative methods that are being practised and can be used by future researchers in the field of international entrepreneurship. The qualitative cluster covers articles, conceptual and empirical chapters as well as literature reviews, whereas the quantitative cluster analyses international entrepreneurship through a broad range of statistical methods such as regressions, panel data, structural equation modelling as well as decision-making and optimisation models in certain and uncertain circumstances. This book is essential reading for researchers, scholars and practitioners who want to learn and implement new methods in analysing entrepreneurial opportunities across national borders.

This book focuses on how to promote innovation and an entrepreneurial mindset within organizations in the context of structural changes. It highlights the importance of internal marketing of innovation and ideas among employees, of creating collaborative spaces, and of company leaders promoting collaboration. The key aspect in all contributions gathered here is to understand the co-creation paths of structural change and innovation, and how they contribute to competitive advantage. The respective chapters address topics such as intrapreneurship, organizational mindset, creating an entrepreneurial orientation, strategic leadership, and internal & external organizational networking. All contributions are based on the latest empirical and theoretical research, and provide key findings and concrete recommendations for organizations.

This book explores the historical, current and future prospects of women's entrepreneurial activities in the former Yugoslavia, a region that is currently in a process of transition from socialism to a free-market economy. Each chapter presents the past, present and future of female entrepreneurship for each individual country. Some of the questions that the book answers include: Have women been historically and culturally ignored, marginalized, or systematically forbidden to run their own businesses? What are the status quo and future prospects for this group? And, is the investment climate conducive to women-owned businesses? The book provides an extensive overview of female entrepreneurship, its promotion and development, the role of the state, and other key factors that shape the female entrepreneurship ecosystem. Readers will gain an overall perspective on the essential issues and challenges to women's entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial initiatives and innovation, policy structures and institutional support to female entrepreneurship in the region.

The wide range of topics that the book covers are organised into sections reflecting a cradle to grave view of how entrepreneurial, innovative, and tech-savvy approaches can advance environmental sustainability in the fashion sector. These sections include: sustainable materials; innovation in design, range planning and product development; sustainable innovations in fashion supply chains; sustainable innovations in fashion retail and marketing; sustainable alternatives for end-of-life and circular economy initiatives; and more sustainable alternative fashion business models.