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This volume is a collection of the contributions presented at the
42nd Erice Crystallographic Course whose main objective was to
train the younger generation on advanced methods and techniques for
examining structural and dynamic aspects of biological
macromolecules. The papers review the techniques used to study
protein assemblies and their dynamics, including X-ray diffraction
and scattering, electron cryo-electron microscopy, electro
nanospray mass spectrometry, NMR, protein docking and molecular
dynamics. A key theme throughout the book is the dependence of
modern structural science on multiple experimental and
computational techniques, and it is the development of these
techniques and their integration that will take us forward in the
future.
This volume is a collection of the contributions presented at the
42nd Erice Crystallographic Course whose main objective was to
train the younger generation on advanced methods and techniques for
examining structural and dynamic aspects of biological
macromolecules. The papers review the techniques used to study
protein assemblies and their dynamics, including X-ray diffraction
and scattering, electron cryo-electron microscopy, electro
nanospray mass spectrometry, NMR, protein docking and molecular
dynamics. A key theme throughout the book is the dependence of
modern structural science on multiple experimental and
computational techniques, and it is the development of these
techniques and their integration that will take us forward in the
future.
X-ray and neutron crystallography have played an increasingly impor
tant role in the chemical and biochemical sciences over the past
fifty years. The principal obstacles in this methodology, the phase
problem and com puting, have been overcome. The former by the
methods developed in the 1960's and just recognised by the 1985
Chemistry Nobel Prize award to Karle and Hauptman, the latter by
the dramatic advances that have taken place in computer technology
in the past twenty years. Within the last decade, two new radiation
sources have been added to the crystallographer's tools. One is
synchrotron X-rays and the other is spallation neutrons. Both have
much more powerful fluxes than the pre vious sources and they are
pulsed rather than continuos. New techniques are necessary to fully
exploit the intense continuos radiation spectrum and its pulsed
property. Both radiations are only available from particular
National Laboratories on a guest-user basis for scientists outside
these Na tional Laboratories. Hitherto, the major emphasis on the
use of these facilities has been in solid-state physics, and the
material, engineering and biological sciences. We believe that
there is equivalent potential to applications which are pri marily
chemical or biochemical."
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