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For anyone who is interested in the air war 1941-45, the
information provided here is of inestimable value. There are no
more than a handful of Second World War Luftwaffe members alive
today. Patrick Eriksson had the foresight to record these
experiences first-hand before it was too late. Some witnesses ended
up as senior fighter controllers. The recollections and views of
the veterans are put within the context of the German aerial war
history. By no means all the witnesses were from the ranks of the
so-called 'aces'. It was on the Eastern Front that, essentially,
much of the Luftwaffe was destroyed, and this is the subject of the
second in the author's trilogy. Death wasn't always in the air:
'"Quick, out of the aircraft, the Russians are here." The airfield
had been overrun. Chaos followed.' In addition to giving voice to
those who were there, Patrick Eriksson describes pilot training and
scrutinises the Luftwaffe's complicated victory claims system to
find out if it really was as accurate as is often suggested.
Alarmstart South completes Patrick Eriksson's Alarmstart trilogy on
Second World War German fighter pilots, detailing their experiences
in the Mediterranean theatre (1941-1944), and during the closing
stages of the war over Normandy, Norway and Germany (1944-1945). He
utilises extensive personal reminiscences of veterans and original
documents, set within a brief factual framework of campaigns,
equipment and the progress of the war. Veterans who flew in Me 109,
Fw 190 and Me 110/410 aircraft provide their stories in their own
words. They range from junior NCOs to Colonels, including a senior
fighter controller and even one of the Luftwaffe's psychologists.
The Mediterranean theatre provided the top scoring aces on both
sides for the entire war (excluding the Russian front battles):
Hans-Joachim Marseille (158 victory claims) on the German side and
South African 'Pat' Pattle (an estimated 41+), on the Allied side.
In the air battles over the Mediterranean region, many aircrew
ended up 'in the drink' with little chance of being found.
Occasionally, a miracle would happen, as with Dr Felix Sauer of JG
53, a pre-war biology teacher, who used his knowledge of chemistry
and a calm demeanour to survive eight days in a dinghy at sea
without water, apart from rain or dew. For many pilots the war
would end only in death, for others in imprisonment. Oberfeldwebel
Horst Petzschler endured forced labour in southern Russia: 'On 22
September 1949 I arrived in Berlin, my home town, weighing 118
pounds, half dead but having survived!'
For anyone who is interested in the air war from 1941 to 1945, the
information provided here is of inestimable value. There are no
more than a handful of Second World War Luftwaffe members alive
today. Patrick Eriksson had the foresight to record these
experiences first-hand before it was too late. Some witnesses ended
up as senior fighter controllers. The recollections and views of
the veterans are put within the context of the German aerial war
history. By no means all the witnesses were from the ranks of the
so-called 'aces'. It was on the Eastern Front that, essentially,
much of the Luftwaffe was destroyed, and this is the subject of the
second in the author's trilogy. Death wasn't always in the air:
'"Quick, out of the aircraft, the Russians are here." The airfield
had been overrun. Chaos followed.' In addition to giving voice to
those who were there, Patrick Eriksson describes pilot training and
scrutinises the Luftwaffe's complicated victory claims system to
find out if it really was as accurate as is often suggested.
The tactical abilities of small unit leaders were critical in
winning the Battle of Britain and the many innovations and even
experiments which they tried out during the active fighting merit
examination. The pre-war Fighter Area Attacks - much beloved of the
Air Ministry and founded on the notion that incoming German bombers
would be unescorted due to the distance from their German home
bases - would prove to be almost totally useless. Nobody then
thought France would fall, enabling enemy fighters to be based just
across the Channel. Air Chief Marshal Hugh Dowding built the
defensive system and made it work before the war; he also prevented
too many fighters from going to France. During the battle he played
the strategic role, keeping Fighter Command in business while
minimising losses; this was directly related to small British
fighter formations, essentially a squadron - any raid would thus be
attacked by a number of discrete squadrons - this approach reduced
losses and ensured a sequence of attacks. Dowding's subordinate
Group commanders, notably Keith Park of 11 Group, fought the actual
tactical battle, deciding every day how many squadrons would be
allocated to every raid. The squadron leaders needed to know German
bomber formation and type to choose fighter attack methods, and the
disposition of German escort fighters. It was a subtle, deadly
balancing act to maintain the aggressiveness needed to break up
bomber formations and allow follow-up destruction of straggling and
struggling machines, yet limit casualties among their own pilots.
In July 1940, the author shows how this was achieved - or not
achieved. In his analysis Patrick Eriksson is not afraid to say it
as he sees it: 'The British fighters could never have won the
Battle if they, like the Germans often did, attacked only when
favourable conditions pertained.'
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