This is a vivid narrative account of the events, troubles and triumphs of the opening decade of the eighteenth century - of the life and death of Prince George, the trial of Dr Sacheverell, the Great Wind of 1703, the duke of Marlborough's victories in Europe, and of the union of Scotland with England and Wales - the creation of the British nation.
After an introduction setting the social and political scene, a chapter is devoted to each year. The rhythm of life was conditioned by frequent general elections of which there were no less than six, and the country was in an almost permanent state of election fever. Scotland too underwent a decisive election in 1703 which paved the way for the Union of 1707. Whether or not (as the author enquires) this was the greatest political conspiracy of the century, Scots now shared with English voters in contests for the return of MPs - to what for the first time could be called the Parliament of Great Britain.

This monograph summarizes the research and provides practical advice on how to structure collaborative writing for students in the higher education classroom. The monograph begins with compelling pedagogical support for collaborative writing projects based on the research that has emerged in cognitive and learning theory over the last 30 years. Helpful advice is provided related to the range of collaborative writing opportunities that can be offered, ways to form groups, and approaches to integrate technology. A final topic is grading, which is particularly difficult for collaborative writing projects. The monograph provides the support a faculty member familiar with collaborative learning theory needs to alter his or her classroom habits. (Contains 306 references.).

While the grading of student writing is of central concern to composition studies and to teaching, the process has not been clearly defined. The act of assigning a grade raises such issues as how teachers read student writing, whether form and content are of equal concern, what the purpose of grading is, and whether grading should take place at all. The vagueness of grading points to the complexity of the topic, which encompasses such matters as student peer review, psychometrics, student-teacher conferences, portfolios, collaborative learning, and English-as-a-Second-Language. Because of the centrality of grading and its complexity, the topic has generated a large body of literature. This reference book is a helpful guide to the vast and sometimes bewildering body of research on the grading of student writing. The volume includes entries for more than 1300 books and articles on grading published between 1970 and 1996. Each entry includes an annotation that summarizes the work and its importance. The entries are grouped in several broad chapters, with most chapters containing numerous subsections. Thus the book covers such topics as holistic grading, portfolio assessment, collaborative approaches to assessment, essay tests, creative writing, whole language, standardized tests, and student progress. The entries are arranged alphabetically within each subsection, and the author and subject indexes allow the user to access information quickly.

Although service-learning programs can have diverse theoretical roots, faculty who engage their students in service-learning may not be be cognizant of alternatives to the one they adopt. This book presents not only a historical perspective, but it also debates the theories and issues surrounding the conflicts inherent in those theories. One theory, based on a philanthropic model, engages students in a commitment to serve others from a sense of gratitude for their own good fortunes or from a desire to "give back" to communities from which they have benefited. Typically, service-learning programs based on the philanthropic or communitarian models deal with the overt needs of community members. In contrast, the civic model requires deeper analysis of the various political and social issues that may be the cause of social conditions that require the help of the more fortunate. Opponents of the civic theory fear that proponents see the classroom as a forum for advancing particular political agendas, conceivably indoctrinating students to a particular view of social injustices. This book presents the theories and critiques their merits and liabilities, providing insight into the widely divergent curricular applications. It also examines the reasons professors should consider service-learning components in their classes and provides resources for further investigation of both theory and practice.

Teaching Revising and Editing is devoted to the many facets of the writing, revising, and publication process. It provides a comprehensive overview of the literature over the past 25 years and applies to writing activities in K-12, undergraduate, graduate classrooms, and the workplace. Each listing is annotated, giving readers a great deal of significant information about each source. Over 800 annotated entries for books, articles, reports, bibliographies, and other sources are included. The book is divided into sections on teaching revision and editing in academic and nonacademic settings. Special classroom issues such as teaching learning disabled students, non-native writers, and ESL classes are discussed. And, there are sub-sections on business classes, developmental writing classes, and technical writing courses. The nonacademic sections provide sources that cover revising and editing in the general workplace and writing material for newspaper and magazine submissions. Detailed author and subject indexes will help readers find specific topics of interest.

Collaborative writing has attracted much attention in the last 25 years, though it eludes clear definition. In its simplest sense, it is writing done by more than one person. But in a broader sense, even a work by one author involves collaboration. The author typically builds on the work of others and revises the writing in response to feedback. This feedback can come from a student's peers or teacher in a classroom setting, it can come from experts and editors who assess a scholar's writing, or it can come from colleagues and clients in the world of business. This bibliography is a guide to research on collaborative writing published from the early 1970s to 1997.

Included are nearly 1000 annotated entries for books, articles, reports, bibliographies, and other materials. These entries are clustered in two broad parts, each of which contains numerous topical sections. The first part of the book is devoted to collaborative writing in academic settings and covers such topics as classroom issues, peer review and tutoring, the role of computers and technology, particular types of classes, and ethical and gender concerns. The second looks at collaborative writing in nonacademic settings. Included are works on corporate acculturation, group dynamics, policies and procedures, industry-university collaboration, and technical reports. Entries are arranged alphabetically in each section, and detailed author and subject indexes provide easy access to the material.

While the grading of student writing is of central concern to composition studies and to teaching, the process has not been clearly defined. The act of assigning a grade raises such issues as how teachers read student writing, whether form and content are of equal concern, what the purpose of grading is, and whether grading should take place at all. The vagueness of grading points to the complexity of the topic, which encompasses such matters as student peer review, psychometrics, student-teacher conferences, portfolios, collaborative learning, and English-as-a-Second-Language. Because of the centrality of grading and its complexity, the topic has generated a large body of literature. This reference book is a helpful guide to the vast and sometimes bewildering body of research on the grading of student writing.

The volume includes entries for more than 1300 books and articles on grading published between 1970 and 1996. Each entry includes an annotation that summarizes the work and its importance. The entries are grouped in several broad chapters, with most chapters containing numerous subsections. Thus the book covers such topics as holistic grading, portfolio assessment, collaborative approaches to assessment, essay tests, creative writing, whole language, standardized tests, and student progress. The entries are arranged alphabetically within each subsection, and the author and subject indexes allow the user to access information quickly.

A wealth of literature on the publishing business has appeared in diverse books and journals. This bibliography is a comprehensive guide to the available literature on how to manage the publishing process. Included are citations and annotations for more than 1,200 works related to publishing, with entries arranged in topical chapters to facilitate use. This volume includes works published from 1960 to the early 1990s. Because of rapid changes in technology, works on automation are limited to those published no earlier than 1980. The various works cited discuss all types of publishing, including trade, journal, and scholarly publications. Annotations are extensive, and provide a detailed summary of the work cited so that the reader may readily assess the usefulness of a given title.

Peer review is the sometimes controversial practice of subjecting an academic manuscript or project to critique by scholars in the same area of expertise. It is employed widely by journal editors and, to a lesser extent, by book editors, and it is a major factor in the determination of foundation grants. Doubts have been raised about the efficacy and ethics of peer review, but the process has never been systematically studied. Speck has collected and carefully analyzed and annotated 780 sources published from 1960 to the present which would provide the basis for such research. A detailed classified subject index pinpoints specific issues in the author-editor-referee relationship.

This bibliography lists most of the literature on editing written from 1960 through 1988, with particular focus on those works pertaining to the acquisition and preparation of texts for publication. Recognizing the wide range of functions performed by an editor, Bruce W. Speck accesses information about the editor's involvement in all aspects of the publishing process from initiating contacts with authors and marking manuscripts to discussing production specifications with the printer and creating advertising copy. The entries are arranged alphabetically by author and fall under the headings of general editing, technical editing, and the editing of particular types of documents. Each citation is presented in standard bibliographic form, and the contents of each work summarized briefly using quotations and examples to highlight each book's most salient points. In order to facilitate identification of entries, the list is numbered consecutively with the subject index keyed to the numbered entry instead of the page number. Thoughtful organization and thorough documentation make this manual a handy reference volume for libraries, professional editors, and teachers of editing.

Maxine Smith's Unwilling Pupils is the authorized biography of Maxine Atkins Smith. As such it tells the story of the civil rights movement in Memphis from Smith's viewpoint. Primarily based on newspaper accounts from the 1960s and 1970s and on Smith's papers housed at the Memphis Public Library, the book also draws from a rich source of interviews conducted by the coauthors and others. This book presents a well-balanced historical background of the civil rights era even while serving as a tribute to Maxine Smith and her work. A panoramic view of Maxine's life, Maxine Smith's Unwilling Pupils, presents one woman's struggle as a prism for understanding the human dimensions of the fight for equality. The biography portrays Smith's lifelong focus on education as she tried to enlighten both blacks and whites about equality and the inalienable rights of all races. Along the way she became the face of the civil rights movement in Memphis during a critical time in the movement's history. Maxine's unwilling pupils often hated her for her outspoken and tenacious advocacy for those rights; her followers loved her for her unwavering commitment to ensure the rights of African Americans. Smith's selfless struggles as chronicled in this biography will leave no doubt that her influence on the progress of civil rights in Memphis was profound. Moreover, her example of tireless commitment should inspire the efforts of new generations of equal rights activists to come.