The term "gender" was first distinguished from "sex" in the 1950s when psychologists began to discuss the idea of "gender roles," behaviors and responsibilities given to people by a society rather than flowing from their biology. Since then, leaders across disciplines have sought to better understand the roles of biology, psychology, and culture on gender. New language has emerged alongside rich scientific inquiry and research. Increased visibility of transgender and nonbinary communities has brought awareness to a range of gender diverse experiences, while legal battles, wage disparities, and health inequities continue to prove gender's relevancy in today's world. In this book, Laura Erickson-Schroth and Benjamin Davis guide readers through the knowns and unknowns of gender, asking questions such as: What is the difference between sex, gender identity, and gender expression? Were ancient societies matriarchal? How different are male and female brains, really? What role does language play in the ways we think about gender? What do we know about sex and gender in non-human species? What are the current frontiers in gender equality? Gender: What Everyone Needs to Know (R) is an easy-to-read guide that takes readers on a much-needed tour of perspectives on gender and identity in the 21st century. The book is written in a question-and-answer format, and Erickson-Schroth and Davis cover topics such as current definitions; the history of gender as concept; the role of biology, psychology, and culture on gender; and gender norms over time and across the globe.

Rooted in the crisis over slavery, disagreements about child labor broke down along sectional lines between the North and South. For decades after emancipation, the child labor issue shaped how Northerners and Southerners defined fundamental concepts of American life such as work, freedom, the market, and the state.Betsy Wood examines the evolution of ideas about child labor and the on-the-ground politics of the issue against the backdrop of broad developments related to slavery and emancipation, industrial capitalism, moral and social reform, and American politics and religion. Wood explains how the decades-long battle over child labor created enduring political and ideological divisions within capitalist society that divided the gatekeepers of modernity from the cultural warriors who opposed them. Tracing the ideological origins and the politics of the child labor battle over the course of eighty years, this book tells the story of how child labor debates bequeathed an enduring legacy of sectionalist conflict to modern American capitalist society.

The aim of this book is to provide a helpful guide for practitioners in the magistrates' and county courts to the realities of conducting a successful case. The revised text includes the latest developments in all areas of the law of evidence, including confessions and the Codes of Practice, character and similar-fact evidence, the evidence of children and the use of written witness statements in civil cases.;References are made to the changes that may be introduced by the Criminal Justice and Public Order Bill. Peter Murphy has also written " A Practical Approach to Evidence" and was co-author of "Cases and Materials on Evidence."

A new installment of the series of Interviews with Global Leaders in Policing, Courts, and Prisons, this book expands upon the criminal justice coverage of earlier volumes, offering the voices of 14 lawyers from 13 diverse locales, including countries in Africa, North America, South America, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific region. This book is intended for students and others focusing on law and legal studies, policing, psychology and law, criminology, justice studies, public policy, and for all those interested in the front lines of legal change around the world. Featuring versatile chapters perfect for individual use or as part of a collection, this volume offers a personal approach to the legal world for students and experienced professionals.

This book analyses the key skills that a lawyer needs to handle a case effectively, a topic that is not covered coherently in any other book. At a time of rapid and wide-ranging change in the delivery of legal services, the current edition involves a complete reworking of the last edition to take into account the implications of the implementation of the Jackson Review, and to see effective litigation clearly in the context of concerns about funding, case management by the court, costs, and the growing use of alternative dispute resolution. The book has a strong focus on the needs of the legal practitioner, the decisions to be taken at each stage of a case, and the criteria to apply in making those decisions. This is all securely based in references to relevant Civil Procedure Rules and decided cases, with checklists and commentary to assist in the project management of a case. The book also focuses on the skills a lawyer needs to work effectively. This includes skills in dealing with a client, drafting legal documents, and presenting a case in court. Throughout the work the emphasis is on demonstrating how to use law effectively, how to develop a case, and how to present persuasive arguments. Lawyers operate in an increasingly complex environment, faced with challenges in funding a case, in managing a case to avoid sanctions, and in using complex rules to best effect. The author addresses the use of legal knowledge and skills within this rapidly changing context, bearing in mind not least that the pace of change is likely to continue with the developing use of IT, and the widening use of alternative business structures. In putting together skills and law in a fully up-to-date context, A Practical Approach to Effective Litigation brings together the sound knowledge of the law and the legal skills an experienced litigator will use to get the best results for clients in a real-world context. It will be of use to anyone in the early years of legal practice, experienced solicitors who have had limited involvement with civil litigation, and those training to be a barrister or solicitor.

In line with earlier editions, this book enables the student practitioner to learn the technique of advocacy by way of an analytical approach. Judge Michael Hyam believes that the principles of advocacy may be learnt by application and practice. He illustrates a method of preparing speeches which may be adapted to any kind of case, and this edition amplifies the chapters on this aspect of advocacy.;The principles are explained by analysis and illustrated with examples of both good and bad practice. The reader should find that in this way the rules of good advocacy become clear and that potentially serious mistakes can be avoided.;This book has expanded upon the areas of preparation in different types of cases, on the form of submissions and on advocacy in the family courts.

Taking a multi-disciplinary perspective, and one grounded in human rights, Unaccompanied young migrants explores in-depth the journeys migrant youths take through the UK legal and care systems. Arriving with little agency, what becomes of these children as they grow and assume new roles and identities, only to risk losing legal protection as they reach eighteen? Through international studies and crucially the voices of the young migrants themselves, the book examines the narratives they present and the frameworks of culture and legislation into which they are placed. It challenges existing policy and questions, from a social justice perspective, what the treatment of this group tells us about our systems and the cultural presuppositions on which they depend.

The Encyclopedia of Macro Social Work (EOMSW), edited by prominent scholars Terry Mizrahi and Darlyne Bailey, updates and expands upon all of the macro content in the field-defining Encyclopedia of Social Work to create a multi-volume work unlike any other. The EOMSW includes nearly 200 long-form overview articles, written by 334 diverse authors and peer-reviewed by a 13-member editorial board, that address macro practice methods (i.e. organizations, community, and policy), as well as macro theories, concepts, ideologies, problems, and contexts relating to macro social work. All articles typically cover the history and context of a given topic; challenges and opportunities for social workers; future trends and directions; and relevant issues that advance social, racial, environmental, political, and economic justice. The inaugural print edition of the EOMSW is destined to become an essential resource for the field: there is simply no similar work available that takes this sort of wide-ranging, expansive view of all that macro social work encompasses. It is a must-read guide to the field for educators, researchers, students, and practitioners who are located in organizational, community, and/or policy practice settings. Co-published with National Association of Social Workers Press.

In A Genealogy of the Good and Critique of Hubris, Phillip Dybicz employs a deep historical analysis to the field of social welfare in a highly untraditional manner. Rather than seeking to map out a tale of linear progress and advancement in society's understanding of social welfare and its administration, this book seeks to address the following question: "Are we morally progressing in our understanding of social welfare and its administration?" Geared toward both academics and practitioners, rather than focusing upon gains in technical know-how and knowledge of social welfare, Dybicz explores what gains are being made across various eras in our wisdom to humanely provide relief to those in our society that are oppressed, dispossessed, and in need in a manner that avoids moral pitfalls such as social control. Adopting Michael Foucault's genealogical method of historical investigation, Dybicz reaches back to the seventeenth century and describes four distinct eras in which a particular discourse dominated our understanding and efforts at social welfare. He examines how economic, political, social, and even geographic conditions shape society's perceived needs in social welfare. As well as examining how prominent intellectual thought, a philosophical paradigm describing reality and knowledge generation, defining cultural features and themes, and concepts of the self, all serve to shape our understanding of social welfare and what its desired qualities and aims should be. Together, the above elements coalesce to form a grand discourse that in the Foucaultian tradition speaks to an underlying urgent need of society, and various rules-of-right that shape knowledge generation.

Advocacy has become a key part of public health degree programs across the country. Many programs have added policy and advocacy courses into curricula in response to new emphases in accreditation requirements, yet few public health textbooks comprehensively cover the advocacy skills that health professionals need to effect change. Be the Change is an affordable introductory resource on public health advocacy, policy, and community organizing for both undergraduate and graduate students within the health and social sciences. Using a conversational and reader-friendly style, the authors draw on their experience as diverse advocates and practitioners in the field to synthesize the purpose, strategies, and tactics used in successful advocacy campaigns in public health. In each chapter, they highlight case studies of actual advocacy campaigns alongside concrete strategic recommendations for implementing change at the local, state, and federal levels. Full of useful stories and advice, Be the Change amplifies the important advocacy work happening around the United States, from traditional health organizations to grassroots community activists, and provides readers with the tools and inspiration to put advocacy into practice every day.

How to Moot is essential reading for student mooters at all levels. Written by lecturers with many years' experience of supporting students and judging at internal and national mooting competitions, you can be sure that this book contains everything you need to know about preparing for and participating in moots, plus numerous tips to help you stand out from the crowd.
The book is written in a uniquely user-friendly style: it is divided into 100 Q&As and structured in short, accessible chapters, so you can find what you need quickly and easily. Chapter summaries allow you to check you have covered the key points in each area, and diagrams clearly set out the procedural aspects of mooting. There are example moot problems and an entire transcript of a moot, so you can see exactly what happens at each stage.
Online Resource Centre
An Online Resource Centre accompanies the book, providing video clips of mooting, additional moot problems, usful web links, and details of inter-university mooting competitions.

In 1877, the American Humane Society was formed as the national organization for animal and child protection. Thirty years later, there were 354 anticruelty organizations chartered in the United States, nearly 200 of which were similarly invested in the welfare of both humans and animals. In The Rights of the Defenseless, Susan J. Pearson seeks to understand the institutional, cultural, legal, and political significance of the perceived bond between these two kinds of helpless creatures, and the attempts made to protect them. Unlike many of today's humane organizations, those Pearson follows were delegated police powers to make arrests and bring cases of cruelty to animals and children before local magistrates. Those whom they prosecuted were subject to fines, jail time, and the removal of either animal or child from their possession. Pearson explores the limits of and motivation behind this power and argues that while these reformers claimed nothing more than sympathy with the helpless and a desire to protect their rights, they turned "cruelty" into a social problem, stretched government resources, and expanded the state through private associations. The first book to explore these dual organizations and their storied history, The Rights of the Defenseless will appeal broadly to reform-minded historians and social theorists alike.

Although the most characteristic of legal skills, representing clients in courts and tribunals is a skill which until recently was not taught. It was picked up by watching others and trying out one's own fears with little, if any, feedback. This book aims to change all that. There are no war stories and no solecisms. The work of advocacy is clearly divided into its constituent parts and each elements is covered in terms of both approach and content. The book is both a reading book and a course book and examples and exercises are given throughout. The approach is to build upon the new advocate's existing skills rather than mimicking an imagined ideal. It is also intended to be fun to read.

Winner of The Nora and Ted Sterling Prize in Support of Controversy, Simon Fraser University Originally approved as a master of laws thesis by a respected Canadian university, this book tackles one of the most compelling issues of our time--the crime of genocide--and whether in fact it can be said to have occurred in relation to the many Original Nations on Great Turtle Island now claimed by a state called Canada. It has been hailed as groundbreaking by many Indigenous and other scholars engaged with this issue, impacting not just Canada but states worldwide where entrapped Indigenous nations face absorption by a dominating colonial state.Starblanket unpacks Canada's role in the removal of cultural genocide from the Genocide Convention, though the disappearance of an Original Nation by forced assimilation was regarded by many states as equally genocidal as destruction by slaughter. Did Canada seek to tailor the definition of genocide to escape its own crimes which were then even ongoing? The crime of genocide, to be held as such under current international law, must address the complicated issue of mens rea (not just the commission of a crime, but the specific intent to do so). This book permits readers to make a judgment on whether or not this was the case.Starblanket examines how genocide was operationalized in Canada, focused primarily on breaking the intergenerational transmission of culture from parents to children. Seeking to absorb the new generations into a different cultural identity--English-speaking, Christian, Anglo-Saxon, termed Canadian--Canada seized children from their parents, and oversaw and enforced the stripping of their cultural beliefs, languages and traditions, replacing them by those still in process of being established by the emerging Canadian state. She outlines the array and extent of the destruction which inevitably took place as part of the effort to bring about such a wrenching change--forcible indoctrination by means of massive and widespread death by disease and dilapidated living conditions, torture, forced starvation, labor, and sexual predation--collateral damage to Canada's effort to absorb diverse original nations into one larger, alien and dominating body politic. The cumulative effects of genocide continue to be exhibited by the survivors and their descendants who suffer from the trauma and dysfunction, primarily in healthy proper parenting, which results in ongoing forcible removals via the child welfare systems to this day.