These eight papers, plus an introduction and two final discussions, grew from a symposium held at the Society for Americal Archaeology in Philadelphia in 2000, which discussed the effect on analytical scale on the interpretation of the archaeological record. In other words, the contributors debate the validity of archaeologists' choices regarding the limits of their research area, such as geographical and temporal limitations, and the size of the material discussed, ranging from a complete castle or settlement to a few finds. The case studies are broad in their range, including early European farming, the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition, the uses of archaeometry, early Anglo-Saxon East Anglia, Late Antique Volterra and early medieval European cities.

This thesis explores the way in which novel chemical criteria can be used to identify charred remains of grains of small-grained grasses used as food by pre-agrarian hunter-gatherers in south-western Asia but which have hitherto rarely been identified with any precision.' As one might expect the statistical study that follows is a technical and specialised presentation and interpretation of large amounts of data, supported by numerous diagrams and tables.

The Archaeological Sciences 1999 conference hosted by BASRG at the University of Bristol brought together scientists from throughout the UK, and also international participants from France, Germany, Poland and Egypt. The papers presented provided a valuable insight into the exciting new avenues for research opening up to archaeological science within the UK. This volume is representative of the very broad range of research themes addressed during the conference, and the 13 papers include: (1) Electron microscopal (S.E.M.) studies on biodeteriorated archaeological Egyptian textiles; (2) Prehistoric crop husbandry and plant use in Southern England: development and regionality; (3) The recognition, interpretation and management of archaeological sites and landscapes using GPS survey and three-dimensional computer modeling; (4) Chaos and patterns: reconstructing past environments using modern data. The molluscan experience; (5) A new method for estimating gestational age from skeletal long bone length; (6) Phosphate redistribution within the fabric of 5 pottery sherds from north Wales; (7) Assessing and modelling faunalturbation; (8) The Dnieper Rapids region of Ukraine: A consideration of chronology, diet and dental pathology at the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition; (9) Sampling for phosphorus over a grave site: Theory and practice; (10) Early Saxon cultivation of Emmer wheat in the Thames Valley and its cultural implications; (11) Antique to early Medieval copper-alloy metallurgy in Palestine; (12) Very-Realistic visualisation of the sculpted bas-reliefs from Cap Blanc; (13) Identification of a malaria epidemic in antiquity using ancient DNA.

The Reconstruction of Archaeological Landscapes through Digital Technologies: 18 Papers from the Italy-United States Workshop, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, November, 2001. Including: Landscape Archaeology in Tuscany: Cultural resource management, remotely sensed techniques, GIS based data integration and interprccardo Francovich); Hyperspectral airborne remote sensing as an aid to a better understanding and characterization of buried elements in different archaeological sites (Cavalli R.M., Marino C. M. and Pignatti S.); Archaeology at War (Armando De Guio); The Power of GIS and Remote Sensing: Multi-Scalar Spatial Analysis of Settlement Data in SE Pacific Coastal Guatemala and the Southern Maya Lowlands (Francisco Estrada-Belli); From Artifact to Landscape: A Theoretical Approach to a Simulated Reconstruction of Historical Processes in Ancient Ethiopia (Rodolfo Fattovich); Real Space Beyond Solid Models: Spatial Metadata in Ethnoarchaeology (Monica Foccillo, Andrea MAnzo, Cinzia Perlingieri, Rosario Perlingieri); Remote Sensing, GIS and Virtual Reconstruction of Archaeological Landscapes (Maurizio Forte); Mindscape: ecological thinking, cyber-anthropology and virtual archaeological landscapes (Maurizio Forte); Digital Technologies and Prehistoric Landscapes in the American Southwest (John Kantner and Ronald Hobgood); NASA archaeological research: a remote sensing approach (Marco J. Giardino, Troy E. Frisbee, Michael R. Thomas); Genetic Programming, and Traditional Statistics: towards Interpretation of Ancient Landscape and Social Simulation (Andrea Manzo, Cinzia Perlingieri); Preliminary recognition and analysis of archaeological mounds in the lower Sourou Valley (Burkina Faso)( Paolo Mozzi, Aldino Bondesan, Armando De Guio, Francesco Ferrarese, Giovanna Pizzaiolo); Archaeological Subsurface Site Reconstruction Using Computer Processing of GPR Data (Sheldon S. Sandler); Remote Sensing and the Location of the Ancient Tigris (Elizabeth C Stone); Hydraulic Landscapes and Social Relations in the Middle Horizon Andes (Patrick Ryan Williams); The Archaeologist, the Neural Networkroblems in Spatial and Cultural Cognition of Landscapes (Ezra Zubrow).

Celebrating the theme ‘Shared heritage’, IKUWA6 (the 6th International Congress for Underwater Archaeology), was the first such major conference to be held in the Asia-Pacific region, and the first IKUWA meeting hosted outside Europe since the organisation’s inception in Germany in the 1990s. A primary objective of holding IKUWA6 in Australia was to give greater voice to practitioners and emerging researchers across the Asia and Pacific regions who are often not well represented in northern hemisphere scientific gatherings of this scale; and, to focus on the areas of overlap in our mutual heritage, techniques and technology. Drawing together peer-reviewed presentations by delegates from across the world who converged in Fremantle in 2016 to participate, this volume covers a stimulating diversity of themes and niche topics of value to maritime archaeology practitioners, researchers, students, historians and museum professionals across the world.

A collection of 16 papers forming the Acts of the XIVth UISPP Congress, University of Liege, Belgium, 2-8 September 2001 . The papers address the application of 3-D imaging in archaeology, the pitfalls involved, methodology and its use for reconstruction purposes with relation to prehistoric case studies."

This book addresses the relationship between state-managed archaeology and control of the past, with particular attention to the rigid association of administration and identity, i.e. nationalism, as manifest in the nation-state. A critical approach is feasible because the management of archaeology underwater is implicated in the reproduction of two fundamental aspects of the nation-state - territoriality and nationality - by virtue of the frequent location of ancient material underwater on the fringes of territory, and of the inter-'national' character of ancient material of maritime origin. Empirical material is drawn from a comparative analysis of managing archaeology underwater in France, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, the Netherlands, the UK and Ireland and from a historical analysis of the development of management in the UK from the mid 1960s to the mid 1970s. The theoretical basis is drawn from Anthony Giddens' work on modernity, structuration and locale.

If they share one common theme, these collected papers clearly indicate the directions of current research in archaeological chemistry--a term that, taken in a broad sense, includes techniques and methodologies of many areas of science other than chemistry. Dr. Brill, in fact, advocates use of the term "archaeometry" (coined by Dr. E. T. Hall of Oxford University) to describe more accurately the work of quite a few investigators in the field.Twenty-one chapters by distinguished contributors are organized in three main categories according to research objectives. Part One contains investigations of individual objects or small groups of objects, describing how they were made and their places in the early history of technology or science. Studies in Part Two consist of analyses of such diverse materials as metals, pottery, ob- sidian, and amber to uncover patterns of chemical composition for the classification of fragments according to provenance or date. A number of chapters in this section deal with neutron-activation analysis. The book's final part describes four techniques used for dating archaeological objects.The volume is generous in scope, ranging over a variety of approaches and motivations, research tools, and archaeological materials. Some of the more technically advanced studies cover up-to-date and complex instrumentation for analyzing samples more accurately, more rapidly, and with greater convenience than before, while others emphasize the detailed handling or "autopsy" of the objects themselves. The material in this book was originally prepared for the Fourth Symposium on Archaeological Chemistry, sponsored by the Division of the History of Chemistry of the American Chemical Society in 1968.Dr. Brill cites several problems that should form the basis for further research: the criteria for selecting what is necessary and significant from increasingly unwieldy bodies of data; the means by which findings in this field can be used in a more than descriptive manner to reveal something new about early man; and the continued necessity for close cooperation between the archaeometrist and archaeologist. The former, Dr. Brill points out, must take a major part in interpreting his findings and not merely leave his tabulations and statistical correlations to the historian and archaeologist.

34 papers by archaeologists, bioarchaeologists, conservators and physical anthropologists present different perspectives on issues concerned with the excavation of human remains. The papers, taken from a conference held in Williamsburg, Virginia, in 1999, are divided into eight thematic sections: legal and ethical issues; excavation; associated materials; conservation; analysis; documentation; curation; public perceptions and exhibitions. Broad theoretical essays are combined with specific case studies drawn from across the world. These include the repatriation and reburial of remains in Australia and North America, specialist cooperation at excavations in Orkney and Central America, Hawaiian funerary practices, the analysis and presentation of Egyptian mummies, facial reconstruction and DNA analysis and an exhibition of London bodies' at the Museum of London.

A series of 51 papers forming the Proceedings of the 28th CAA Conference held at Ljubljana, Slovenia in 2000 focusing on computer applications and quantative methods in European and American archaeology. The papers, which are all in English, are divided into eight sections: Documentation and recording of sites and field survey data; Artefact analysis and classification; National and regional SMR; Intra site spatial analysis; Archaeological regional spatial analysis and predictive modelling; Future trends in spatial analyses; Presentation of archaeological data; Public access to archaeological heritage.

This book deals with Research into the history of insect synanthropy in Greece and Egypt', more specifically with insect remains from the Late Bronze Age site of Akrotiri and other evidence from ancient and Roman Egypt. Eva Panagiotakopulu outlines her methodology of analysing fossil insects, addresses issues of extraction, preservation and reconstructing past environments, life conditions, hygiene, crops and stored goods, as well as implications for economy and trade in the Mediterranean.

Since very few of the papers from this conference were submitted for publication (although abstracts of these are given at the back), many of the contributions come from the CAA meeting held in Glasgow. The 19 papers consider different approaches to site evaluation and site analysis, the study of artefacts, dating and the role of GIS and the web in archaeology.

The 26th annual conference on Computer Applications and Quantitative Methods in Archaeology (1998) included a number of papers on virtual reality and its contribution to archaeology and to archaeologists. The 31 papers presented here reflect the wide range of applications of virtual reality, the various techniques used, and different methodological and theoretical approaches taken. Includes contributions on the facial reconstruction and visualisation of Egyptian mummies, a computer simulation of Stonehenge, a walk-through of an ancient Japanese village, virtual museums and other environments, and much more.

A substantial volume geared towards theoretical approaches to burial data. The author looks at the social dimensions of mortuary evidence and the implimentation of multivariate analysis, in particular in highlighting age, gender, social status distinctions and differentiation, and differential ceremonial treatments of the bodies. A large proportion of the volume is given over to modelling artificial cemeteries and analysing its usability.

What has been the impact of computerisation on archaeology, and is it a good or bad thing? The papers in this volume derive from the 26th conference held in Barcelona in March 1998. Overall, papers deal with the advent of new techniques to overcome existing problems in archaeological analysis or data archiving. Thus the papers deal with the use of computers in archaeological fieldwork (surveying, image processing, GIS), in aiding explanation (for example statistical analysis and computer modelling) and in archiving and heritage work (databases and CRM).

European expansion into the New World fundamentally altered Indigenous populations. The collision between East and West led to the most recent human adaptive transition that spread around the world. Paradoxically, these are some of the least scientifically understood processes of the human past. Representing a new generation of contact and colonialism studies, this volume expands on the traditional focus on the health of conquered peoples by considering how extraordinary biological and cultural transformations were incorporated into the human body and reflected in behavior, identity, and adaptation.By examining changes in diet, mortuary practices, and diseases, these globally diverse case studies demonstrate that the effects of conquest reach further than was ever thought before-to both the colonized and the colonizers. People on all sides of colonial contact became entangled in cultural and biological transformations of social identities, foodways, social structures, and gene pools at points of contact and beyond. Contributors to this volume illustrate previously unknown and variable effects of colonialism by analyzing skeletal remains and burial patterns from never-before-studied regions in the Americas to the Middle East, Africa, and Europe. The result is the first step toward a new synthesis of archaeology and bioarchaeology. Contributors: Rosabella Alvarez-Calderon, Elliot H. Blair, Maria Fernanda Boza, Michele R. Buzon, Romina Casali, Mark N. Cohen, Danielle N. Cook, Marie Elaine Danforth, J. Lynn Funkhouser, Catherine Gaither, Pamela Garcia Laborde| Ricardo A. Guichon, Rocio Guichon Fernandez, Heather Guzik, Amanda R. Harvey, Barbara T. Hester, Dale L. Hutchinson, Kristina Killgrove | Haagen D. Klaus | Clark Spencer Larsen | Alan G. Morris | Melissa S. Murphy, Alejandra Ortiz, Megan A. Perry, Emily S. Renschler, Isabelle Ribot, Melisa A. Salerno, Matthew C. Sanger, Paul W. Sciulli, Stuart Tyson Smith, Christopher M. Stojanowski, David Hurst Thomas, Victor D. Thompson, Vera Tiesler, Jason Toohey, Lauren A. Winkler, Pilar Zabala

Publication on the application of selected geophysical methods, their processing and interpretation on PC in archaeological prospection, which sums up, generalizes, and comprehensively evaluates results of over twenty year activity of authors in this field.

The effect of ploughing on stratigraphy and on artefacts spread over the surface is explored in this much-needed book. Agricultural engineering literature and the analysis of three experimental datasets have been used to producer a computer simulation of the effect of ploughing on the distribution of portable objects (not on architectural remains). How much of the original patterning on archaeological sites has been destroyed, and how much survives? Can tillage-induced changes in surface patterns be 'cancelled out' by identifying their effects? This closely argued book suggests answers.

From reading the title you may be wondering what imparkment' means. It is actually the conversion of land into parks, either by the owners of manorial estates or the church. Way's survey is mainly focused on the environmental effects and changes in the landscape that imparkment' brought about, though he does discuss social conflict that it caused. The bulk of the book consists of tables detailing documents relating to parks, a gazeteer of parks in Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire and maps, both ancient and modern.

Where Stonehenge's giant bluestones come from? Was the fall of the Roman Empire hastened by lead poisoning? How did amber get from the Baltic to Belize? In exploring these and other historical enigmas, Joseph Lambert expertly details the rich insights into ancient life that chemistry alone can provide.Using cutting-edge scientific methods such as radiocarbon dating, DNA analysis, and elemental fingerprinting, acclaimed chemist Joseph Lambert expertly details the rich insights into ancient life that chemistry alone can provide. He shows, for example, how investigators today can determine the diet of prehistoric Europeans, the geographical origin of the marble in a Greek statue, or the reason why the Liberty Bell cracked. He uses nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to reconstruct ancient trade routes, and X-ray diffraction, among other methods, to compare the colour palettes of the Mesopotamians and Egyptians (the latter were apparently much more flamboyant). He explains how chemical analysis of DNA can be used to sort out human lineages and migratory patterns,demographic trends that affected, in turn, everything from language to the spread of disease.Chemistry takes centre stage in this fascinating book, proving that it is not just an analyst of culture, it stands as one of its primary creators. Lambert offers us a unique glimpse into a form of technical progress hitherto unappreciated: the ever-increasing ingenuity of the Human race, as seen through the prism of its evolving chemical sophistication. We discover how primitive chemistry was initially used by ancient people as a tool to improve their daily lives, a feat that was achieved by reworking molecules of clay into pottery and minerals into metal alloys, and by turning grains into beer and pitch into sealants.By documenting the way ancient people manipulated their environment chemically, Lambert further refines the distinguishing feature of our species. Early humans were more than tool-makers. They were molecular transformers.

The reaction against archaeological explanations relying on invasion and migration was part of the processualist critique in the 1960s. Only recently have archaeologists like Kristiansen argued that as migrations can be traced in the historical record, some archaeological method of identifying them must be found. This volume comes from a 1993 TAG session and pursues this issue. Contents: On the Move Again: Migrations and Invasions in Archaeological Explanation (John Chapman and Helena Hamerow); The Impact of Modern Invasions and Migrations on Archaeological Explanation (John Chapman); Prehistoric Migration as a Social Process (David Anthony); Migration Theory and the Anglo-Saxon 'Identity Crisis' (Helena Hamerow); Britons, Anglo-Saxons and the Germanic Burial Ritual (Sally Crawford); Social Network and Pattern of Language Change (James Milroy and Lesley Milroy).

This study comprises a descriptive analysis of the entire range of Anglo-Saxon grave goods and an exploration of their causes and meanings from the 7th and 8th centuries, a time when kingdoms went through far-reaching changes in their ideologies, trade relationships and social structures. The first half of the book consists of discussion of identification of the data, the grave-goods types, the cultural affliations of grave-goods and interpretation of the data. The second half consists of a gazetteer of conversion-period Anglo-Saxon burial sites, numerous maps and pages of figures illustrating the artefacts. Geake concludes that the grave-goods from this period expressed a pan-English neo-classical' identity, an Anglo-Saxon imperial ideology, drawing heavily on Roman prototypes and that this identity was promoted by the church and the state to legitimise the power of their hierarchies.

A study of the traces of use and manufacture of bone by the Inuit from the Mackenzie Delta in the western Arctic. LeMoine describes the methodology very thoroughly, including experiments that were carried out to reproduce aspects of bone use, and then presents the results of analysis of the evidence from several sites and discusses manufacturing techniques. There is also a catalogue and plates showing markings on the bone.

The Glasgow Conference is published with its 40 papers divided into seven sections; Innovation, Confrontation and Transformation ( an overview of the technological state of the discipline); IT in Education and Communication; Quantitative Applications and Methodologies; Survey and GIS Applications; Regional and National Database Applications; Excavation and Post-Excavation Applications and Textual Applications.

This volume contains forty papers from the CAA93 conference held at Staffordshire University in April 1993. As always the contributions reflect the most recent research in computer applications in archaeology, and fall under 8 broad headings: Image processing; Prospection and survey techniques; Strategic planningissues; Excavation recording and analysis; Spatial analysis and area studies; Statistics and trace element analysis; Computer aided learning in archaeology; Recording techniques for the conservation and preservation of standing buildings.