The 25 revised full papers presented here together with 7 invited papers address subjects such as block codes; algebra and codes: rings, fields, and AG codes; cryptography; sequences; decoding algorithms; and algebra: constructions in algebra, Galois groups, differential algebra, and polynomials.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Information Security Practice and Experience Conference, ISPEC 2006, held in Hangzhou, China, in April 2006. The 35 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 307 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections.

The 9th International Conference on Financial Cryptography and Data Security (FC 2005) was held in the Commonwealth of Dominica from February 28 to March 3, 2005. This conference, organized by the International Financial Cryptography Association (IFCA), continues to be the premier international forum for research, exploration, and debate regarding security in the context of finance and commerce. The conference title and scope was expanded this year to cover all aspects of securing transactions and systems. The goal is to build an interdisciplinary meeting, bringing together cryptographers, data-security specialists, business and economy researchers, as well as economists, IT professionals, implementers, and policy makers. We think that this goal was met this year. The conference received 90 submissions and 24 papers were accepted, 22 in the Research track and 2 in the Systems and Applications track. In addition, the conference featured two distinguished invited speakers, Bezalel Gavish and Lynne Coventry, and two interesting panel sessions, one on phishing and the other on economics and information security. Also, for the first time, some of the papers that were judged to be very strong but did not make the final program were selected for special invitation to our Works in Progress (Rump) Session that took place on Wednesday evening. Three papers were highlighted in this forum this year, and short versions of the papers are included here. As always, other conference attendees were also invited to make presentations during the rump session, and the evening lived up to its colorful reputation.

Concepts like ubiquitous computing and ambient intelligence that exploit - creasingly interconnected networks and mobility put new requirements on data management. An important element in the connected world is that data will be accessible anytime anywhere. This also has its downside in that it becomes easier to get unauthorized data access. Furthermore, it will become easier to collect, store, and search personal information and endanger people's privacy. As a result security and privacy of data becomes more and more of an issue. Therefore, secure data management, which is also privacy-enhanced, turns out to be a challenging goal that will also seriously in?uence the acceptance of ub- uitous computing and ambient intelligence concepts by society. With the above in mind, we organized the SDM 2004 workshop to initiate and promote secure data management as one of the important interdisciplinary - search ?elds that brings together people from the security research community and the data management research community. The call for papers attracted 28 submissions both from universities and industry. The program committee selected 15 researchpapers for presentation at the workshop.The technical c- tributions presented at the SDM workshop are collected in this volume, which, wehope, willserveasavaluableresearchandreferencebookinyourprofessional life.

Indocrypt began in the year 2000 under the leadership of Bimal Roy and - docrypt 2005 was the sixth conference in this series. This series has been well accepted by the international research community as a forum for presenting high-quality cryptography research. This year a total of 148 papers were s- mitted for consideration to the Program Committee and after a careful review process, 31 were accepted for presentation. We would like to thank the authors of all submitted papers, including those that were accepted and those which, unfortunately, could not be accommodated. ThereviewingprocessforIndocryptwasverystringentandtheschedulewas- tremelytight.TheProgramCommitteemembersdidanexcellentjobinreviewing andselectingthepapersforpresentation.Duringthereviewprocess, theProgram Committee members were communicating using a review software developed by BartPreneel, WimMoreauandJorisClaessens.Weacknowledgethemforprov- ingthesoftware.ThesoftwarewashostedatI2R, Singaporeandwearegratefulto Feng BaoandJianyingZhouforallowingthat.Thisyear'sconferencewasdeeply indebtedto QiuYingofI2R, Singapore, who tookthe responsibilityofmainta- ing the review softwareand the server.Without his great cooperationIndocrypt 2005could nothavebeen possible.Inthis regardI wouldliketo acknowledgethe supportofTanmoyKantiDas, DibyenduChakrabarti, MridulNandi, Deepak- mar Dalai, Sumanta Sarkar and Sourav Mukhopadhyay for handling important administrativeissuesinthesubmissionandreviewprocessesaswellasforputting togethertheseproceedingsintheir?nalform.WearealsogratefultoPalashSarkar forhiscooperationandguidanceinIndocrypt2005. The proceedings include the revised versions of the 31 selected papers. Re- sions were not checked by the ProgramCommittee and the authors bear the full responsibility for the contents of the respective papers. Our thanks go to all the Program members and the external reviewers (a list of them is included in the proceedings) who put in their valuable time and e?ort in providing important feedbackto the authors.We thank V. KumarMurty ofthe UniversityofToronto for kindly agreeing to present the invited talk. The talk has been included in the proceedin

These are the proceedings of Crypto 2005, the 25th Annual International Cr- tology Conference. The conference was sponsored by the International Assoc- tion for Cryptologic Research (IACR) in cooperation with the IEEE Computer ScienceTechnicalCommitteeonSecurityandPrivacyandtheComputerScience DepartmentoftheUniversityofCaliforniaatSantaBarbara.Theconferencewas held in Santa Barbara, California, August 14-18, 2005. Theconferencereceived178submissions,outofwhichtheprogramcommittee selected33forpresentation.Theselectionprocesswascarriedoutbytheprogram committee via an "online" meeting. The authors of selected papers had a few weeks to prepare ?nal versions of their papers, aided by comments from the reviewers. However, most of these revisions were not subject to any editorial review. This year, a "Best Paper Award" was given to Xiaoyun Wang, Yiqun Lisa Yin, and Hongbo Yu, for their paper "Finding Collisions in the Full SHA-1." The conference program included two invited lectures. Ralph Merkle del- ered an IACR Distinguished Lecture, entitled "The Development of Public Key Cryptography:a PersonalView; and Thoughts on Nanotechnology." Dan Boneh gave an invited talk, entitled "Bilinear Maps in Cryptography." We continued the tradition of a "rump session," featuring short, informal presentations (usually serious, sometimes entertaining, and occasionally both). " The rump session was chaired this year by Phong Q. Nguy en.

The INDOCRYPT series of conferences started in 2000. INDOCRYPT 2004 was the ?fth one in this series. The popularity of this series is increasing every year. The number of papers submitted to INDOCRYPT 2004 was 181, out of which 147 papers conformed to the speci?cations in the call for papers and, therefore, were accepted to the review process. Those 147 submissions were spread over 22 countries. Only 30 papers were accepted to this proceedings. We should note that many of the papers that were not accepted were of good quality but only the top 30 papers were accepted. Each submission received at least three independent - views. The selection process also included a Web-based discussion phase. We made e?orts to compare the submissions with other ongoing conferences around the world in order to ensure detection of double-submissions, which were not - lowed by the call for papers. We wish to acknowledge the use of the Web-based review software developed by Bart Preneel, Wim Moreau, and Joris Claessens in conducting the review process electronically. The software greatly facilitated the Program Committee in completing the review process on time. We would like to thank C edric Lauradoux and the team at INRIA for their total support in c- ?guring and managing the Web-based submission and review softwares. We are unable to imagine the outcome of the review process without their participation. This year the invited talks were presented by Prof. Colin Boyd and Prof."

Cyberspace security is a critical subject of our times.

On one hand the development of Internet, mobile communications, distributed computing, computer software and databases storing essential enterprise information has helped to conduct business and personal communication between individual people. On the other hand it has created many opportunities for abuse, fraud and expensive damage. This book is a selection of the best papers presented at the NATO Advanced Research Workshop dealing with the Subject of Cyberspace Security and Defense. The level of the individual contributions in the volume is advanced and suitable for senior and graduate students, researchers and technologists who wish to get some feeling of the state of the art in several sub-disciplines of Cyberspace security.

Several papers provide a broad-brush description of national security issues and brief summaries of technology states. These papers can be read and appreciated by technically enlightened managers and executives who want to understand security issues and approaches to technical solutions. An important question of our times is not "Should we do something for enhancing our digital assets security," the question is "How to do it."

December, 1932 In the bathroom of a Belgian hotel, a French spymaster photographs top-secret documents - the operating instructions of the cipher machine, Enigma. A few weeks later a mathematician in Warsaw begins to decipher the coded communications of the Third Reich and lays the foundations for the code-breaking operation at Bletchley Park. The co-operation between France, Britain and Poland is given the cover-name 'X, Y & Z'. December, 1942 It is the middle of World War Two. The Polish code-breakers have risked their lives to continue their work inside Vichy France, even as an uncertain future faces their homeland. Now they are on the run from the Gestapo. People who know the Enigma secret are not supposed to be in the combat zone, so MI6 devises a plan to exfiltrate them. If it goes wrong, if they are caught, the consequences could be catastrophic for the Allies. Based on original research and newly released documents, X, Y & Z is the exhilarating story of those who risked their lives to protect the greatest secret of World War Two.

TheINDOCRYPTconferenceseriesstartedin2000, andINDOCRYPT2003was the fourth one in this series. This series has been accepted by the international research community as a forum for presenting high-quality crypto research, as is evident from the 101 submissions this year, spread over 21 countries and all ?ve continents. The accepted papers were written by authors from 16 countries, covering four continents. A total of 101 papers were submitted for consideration to the program c- mittee, and after a careful reviewing process 30 were accepted for presentation. One of the conditionally accepted papers was withdrawn by the authors as they found an errorin the paper that could not be repairedin the short time between the noti?cation of the reviewand the ?nalversionsubmission.Thus the ?nal list contains29acceptedpapers.Wewouldliketo thanktheauthorsofallsubmitted papers, including both those that wereaccepted and those which, unfortunately, could not be accommodated. The reviewing process for INDOCRYPT was very stringent and the schedule was extremely tight. The program committee members did an excellent job in reviewing and selecting the papers for presentation. During the review process, theprogramcommitteememberscommunicatedusingareviewsoftwarepackage developed by Bart Preneel, Wim Moreau and Joris Claessens. We acknowledge them for providing this software. These proceedings include the revised versions of the 29 selected papers. Revisions were not checkedby the programcommittee and the authors bear the full responsibility for the contents of the respective papers. Our thanks go to all the program committee members and the external reviewers(alistofthem isincludedintheproceedings)whoputintheirvaluable time and e?ort in providing important feedback to the authors

ASIACRYPT 2003 was held in Taipei, Taiwan, from Nov. 30 to Dec. 4, 2003. The 9th Annual ASIACRYPT conference was sponsored by the International Association for Cryptologic Research (IACR), this year in cooperation with the ChineseCryptologyandInformationSecurityAssociation(CCISA)andNational Cheng Kung University (NCKU) in Taiwan. One hundred and eighty-eight papers from 26 countries were submitted to ASIACRYPT 2003 and 33 (of which one paper was withdrawn by the authors afternoti?cation)ofthesewereselectedforpresentation.Theseproceedingsc- tainrevisedversionsoftheacceptedpapers.WehadanIACR2003Distinguished Lecture, by Dr. Don Coppersmith, entitled "Solving Low Degree Polynomials." In addition, two invited talks were given at the conference. One was given by Dr. Adi Shamir. The other one was given by Dr. Hong-Sen Yan, entitled "The Secret and Beauty of Ancient Chinese Locks." The conference program also included a rump session, chaired by Tzong Chen Wu, which featured short informal talks on recent results. It was a pleasure for me to work with the program committee, which was composed of 27 members from 17 countries; I thank them for working very hard overseveralmonths.Asamatteroffact,thereviewprocesswasachallengingand time-consuming task, and it lasted about 8 weeks, followed by more than half a month for discussions among the program committee members. All submissions were anonymously reviewed by at least 3 members in the relevant areas of the program committee; in some cases, particularly for those papers submitted by a member of the program committee, they were reviewed by at least six members. We are grateful to all the program committee members who put in a lot of e?ort andprecioustimegivingtheirexpertanalysisandcommentsonthesubmissions.

The 10th Annual ASIACRYPT 2004 was held in Jeju Island, Korea, d- ing December 5-9, 2004. This conference was organized by the International Association for Cryptologic Research (IACR) in cooperation with KIISC (- rean Institute of Information Security and Cryptology) and IRIS (International Research center for Information Security) at ICU (Information and Communi- tionsUniversity), andwas?nanciallysupportedbyMIC(MinistryofInformation and Communication) in Korea. The conference received, from 30 countries, 208 submissions that represent the current state of work in the cryptographic community worldwide, covering all areas of cryptologic research. Each paper, without the authors' information, was reviewed by at least three members of the program committee, and the papers (co-)authored by members of the program committee were reviewed by at least six members. We also blinded the reviewers' names among the reviewers until the ?nal decision, by using pseudonyms. The reviews were then followed by deep discussions on the papers, which greatly contributed to the quality of the ?nal selection. In most cases, extensive comments were sent to the authors. Among 208 submissions, the program committee selected 36 papers. Two submissions were merged into a single paper, yielding the total of 35 papers acceptedforpresentationinthetechnicalprogramoftheconference.Manyhi- quality works could not be accepted because of the competitive nature of the conference and the challenging task of selecting a program. These proceedings contain revised versions of the accepted papers. These revisions have not been checked for correctness, and the authors bear full responsibility for the contents of their papers.

The 7th Annual Financial Cryptography Conference was held January 27-30, 2003, in Guadeloupe, French West Indies. Financial Cryptography is organized by the International Financial Cryptography Association. Financial Cryptography 2003 received 54 paper submissions, of which one was withdrawn. The remaining papers were carefully reviewed by at least three members of the program committee. The program committee selected 17 papers for inclusion in the conference, revised versions of which are included in this proceedings. In addition to the submitted papers, the program included interesting and entertaining invited talks by Tim Jones on digital cash and by Richard Field on the interactions between technology and the United Nations. There were also several panels, on micropayments, economics of security, and trusted computing platforms, some of which are represented by contributions in these proceedings, and a rump session chaired by Juan Garay. We thank the program committee (listed on the next page) for their hard work in selecting the program from these papers. We also thank the external referees who helped with the reviewing task: N. Asokan, Danny Bickson, - manuel Bresson, Dario Catalano, Xuhua Ding, Louis Granboulan, Stuart Haber, Amir Herzberg, Bill Horne, Russ Housley, Yongdae Kim, Brian LaMacchia, Phil MacKenzie, Maithili Narasimha, Phong Nguyen, Kaisa Nyberg, David Poi- cheval, Tomas Sander, Yaron Sella, Mike Szydlo, Anat Talmy, Ahmed Tew?k, Susanne Wetzel, Shouhuai Xu, and Jeong Yi. (Apologies for any omissions - advertent.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Information Hiding, IH 2002, held in Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands, in October 2002. The 27 revised full papers presented were carefully selected during two rounds of reviewing and revision from 78 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on information hiding and networking, anonymity, fundamentals of watermarking, watermarking algorithms, attacks on watermarking algorithms, steganography algorithms, steganalysis, and hiding information in unusual content.

The ninth in the series of IMA Conferences on Cryptography and Coding was held (as ever) at the Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester, from 16-18 Dec- ber 2003. The conference's varied programme of 4 invited and 25 contributed papers is represented in this volume. The contributed papers were selected from the 49 submissions using a - reful refereeing process. The contributed and invited papers are grouped into 5 topics: coding and applications; applications of coding in cryptography; cryp- graphy; cryptanalysis; and network security and protocols. These topic headings represent the breadth of activity in the areas of coding, cryptography and c- munications, and the rich interplay between these areas. Assemblingtheconferenceprogrammeandthisproceedingsrequiredthehelp of many individuals. I would like to record my appreciation of them here. Firstly, I would like to thank the programme committee who aided me - mensely by evaluating the submissions, providing detailed written feedback for the authors of many of the papers, and advising me at many critical points - ring the process. Their help and cooperation was essential, especially in view of the short amount of time available to conduct the reviewing task. The c- mittee this year consisted of Mike Darnell, Mick Ganley, Bahram Honary, Chris Mitchell, Matthew Parker, Nigel Smart and Mike Walker.

Fast Software Encryption is now a 10-year-old workshop on symmetric crypt- raphy, including the design and cryptanalysis of block and stream ciphers, as well as hash functions. The ?rst FSE workshop was held in Cambridge in 1993, followed by Leuven in 1994, Cambridge in 1996, Haifa in 1997, Paris in 1998, Rome in 1999, New York in 2000, Yokohama in 2001, and Leuven in 2002. This Fast Software Encryption workshop, FSE 2003, was held February 24- 26, 2003 in Lund, Sweden. The workshop was sponsored by IACR (International Association for Cryptologic Research) and organized by the General Chair, Ben Smeets, in cooperation with the Department of Information Technology, Lund University. Thisyearatotalof71papersweresubmittedtoFSE2003.Afteratwo-month reviewing process, 27 papers were accepted for presentation at the workshop. In addition, we were fortunate to have in the program an invited talk by James L. Massey. The selection of papers was di?cult and challenging work. Each submission was refereed by at least three reviewers. I would like to thank the program c- mittee members, who all did an excellent job. In addition, I gratefully ackno- edge the help of a number of colleagues who provided reviews for the program committee. They are: Kazumaro Aoki, Alex Biryukov, Christophe De Canni' ere, Nicolas Courtois, Jean-Charles Faug' ere, Rob Johnson, Pascal Junod, Joseph Lano, Marine Minier, Elisabeth Oswald, H? avard Raddum, and Markku-Juhani O. Saarinen.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security, ASIACRYPT 2002, held in Singapore, in December 2002.The 34 revised full papers presented together with two invited contributions were carefully reviewed and selected from 173 submissions on the basis of 875 review reports. The papers are organized in topical sections on public key cryptography, authentication, theory, block ciphers, distributed cryptography, cryptanalysis, public key cryptanalysis, secret sharing, digital signatures, applications, Boolean functions, key management, and ID-based cryptography.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptographic Techniques, EUROCRYPT 2002, held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, in April/May 2002.The 33 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 122 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on cryptanalysis, public-key encryption, information theory and new models, implementational analysis, stream ciphers, digital signatures, key exchange, modes of operation, traitor tracing and id-based encryption, multiparty and multicast, and symmetric cryptology.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Wavelet Analysis and Its Applications, WAA 2001, held in Hong Kong, China in December 2001. The 24 revised full papers and 27 revised short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 67 full paper submissions. The book offers topical sections on image compression and coding, video coding and processing, theory, image processing, signal processing, and systems and applications.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security, ASIACRYPT 2001, held in Gold Coast, Australia in December 2001.The 33 revised full papers presented together with an invited paper were carefully reviewed and selected from 153 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on lattice based cryptography, human identification, practical public key cryptography, cryptography based on coding theory, block ciphers, provable security, threshold cryptography, two-party protocols, zero knowledge, cryptographic building blocks, elliptic curve cryptography, and anonymity.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 9th Annual International Workshop on Selected Areas in Cryptology, SAC 2002, held in St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada, in August 2002. The 25 revised full papers presented were carefully selected from 90 submissions during two rounds of reviewing and improvement. The papers are organized in topical sections on elliptic curve enhancements, SNOW, encryption schemes, differential attacks, Boolean functions and stream ciphers, block cipher security, signatures and secret sharing, MAC and hash constructions, and RSA and XTR enhancements.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 21st Annual International Cryptology Conference, CRYPTO 2001, held in Santa Barbara, CA, USA in August 2001. The 33 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 156 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on foundations, traitor tracing, multi-party computation, two-party computation, elliptic curves, OAEP, encryption and authentication, signature schemes, protocols, cryptanalysis, applications of group theory and coding theory, broadcast and secret sharing, and soundness and zero-knowledge.

EUROCRYPT 2001, the 20th annual Eurocrypt conference, was sponsored by the IACR, the International Association for Cryptologic Research, see http://www. iacr. org/, this year in cooperation with the Austrian Computer - ciety (OCG). The General Chair, Reinhard Posch, was responsible for local or- nization, and registration was handled by the IACR Secretariat at the University of California, Santa Barbara. In addition to the papers contained in these proceedings, we were pleased that the conference program also included a presentation by the 2001 IACR d- tinguished lecturer, Andrew Odlyzko, on "Economics and Cryptography" and an invited talk by Silvio Micali, "Zero Knowledge Has Come of Age. " Furthermore, there was the rump session for presentations of recent results and other (p- sibly satirical) topics of interest to the crypto community, which Jean-Jacques Quisquater kindly agreed to run. The Program Committee received 155 submissions and selected 33 papers for presentation; one of them was withdrawn by the authors. The review process was therefore a delicate and challenging task for the committee members, and I wish to thank them for all the e?ort they spent on it. Each committee member was responsible for the review of at least 20 submissions, so each paper was carefully evaluated by at least three reviewers, and submissions with a program committee member as a (co-)author by at least six.

Leading researchers in the field of coding theory and cryptography present their newest findings, published here for the first time following a presentation at the International Conference on Coding Theory, Cryptography and Related Areas. The authors include Tom Hoeholdt, Henning Stichtenoth, and Horacio Tapia-Recillas.

The National Security Agency funded a conference on Coding theory, Cryp- tography, and Number Theory (nick-named Cryptoday) at the United States Naval Academy, on October 25-27, 1998. We were very fortunate to have been able to attract talented mathematicians and cryptographers to the meeting. Unfortunately, some people couldn't make it for either scheduling or funding reasons. Some of these have been invited to contribute a paper anyway. In addition, Prof. William Tutte and Frode Weierud have been kind enough to allow the inclusion of some very interesting unpublished papers of theirs. The papers basically fall into three catagories. Historical papers on cryp- tography done during World War II (Hatch, Hilton, Tutte, Ulfving, and Weierud), mathematical papers on more recent methods in cryptography (Cosgrave, Lomonoco, Wardlaw), and mathematical papers in coding theory (Gao, Joyner, Michael, Shokranian, Shokrollahi). A brief biography of the authors follows. - Peter Hilton is a Distinguished Professor of Mathematics Emeritus at the State University of New York at Binghamton. He worked from 1941 to 1945 in the British cryptanalytic headquarters at Bletchley Park. Profes- sor Hilton has done extensive research in algebraic topology and group theory. - William Tutte is a Distinguished Professor Emeritus and an Adjunct Pro- fessor in the Combinatorics and Optimization Department at the Univer- sity of Waterloo. He worked from 1941 to 1945 in the British cryptana- lytic headquarters at Bletchley Park. Professor Tutte has done extensive research in the field of combinatorics.