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Books > Earth & environment > The environment > Environmental impact of natural disasters & phenomena
Many countries are increasingly threatened by major landslide
disasters and fatalities due to extreme weather events which have
major implications for public safety and the sustainability of
infrastructure and the built environment. A further increase in
such a trend could come from climate change. This book helps to
fill in the gap due to the fact that landslide hazards are commonly
not covered under the policy debate on climate change. The book
highlights the importance of raising awareness to the challenges of
landslide hazards due to climate impact. It provides a holistic
frame for understanding the key issues and new tools that could be
used to assess and manage the landslide risks. The book gathers
contributions from 21 countries and regions in the form of national
reports or summaries with respect to four key aspects: a) the
methods used for evaluating changing weather and changing landslide
patterns; b) the changing weather patterns; c) the changing
landslide patterns and hazard scenarios; d) the applications to
risk management and the formulation of adaptation measures.
Recommendations are made for enhanced preparedness and resilience.
Improved crisis management and areas for future work are suggested.
From epidemics and earthquakes to tornados and tidal waves, the overwhelming power of nature never ceases to instill humankind with both terror and awe. As natural disasters continue to claim human lives and leave destruction in their wake, Perils of a Restless Planet examines our attempts to understand and anticipate such phenomena. Now available in paperback, this highly acclaimed book draws on actual events from ancient to present times. Coverage focuses on basic scientific inquiry, technological innovation and, ultimately, public policy to provide a lucid and riveting look at the natural events that have shaped our view of natural disasters. While shedding light on the elusive quality of nature's intermittent tantrums and the limits scientific study and laboratory replication impose on our understanding of its mercurial ways, the author extrapolates from the history of science to suggest how we may someday learn to warn and protect the vulnerable populations on our small, tempestuous planet. Compelling and informative, this book will find readers both in and outside of the scientific community.
On an August night in 1893, the deadliest hurricane in South
Carolina history struck the Lowcountry, killing thousands-almost
all African American. But the devastating storm is only the
beginning of this story. The hurricane's long effects intermingled
with ongoing processes of economic downturn, racial oppression,
resistance, and environmental change. In the Lowcountry, the
political, economic, and social conditions of Jim Crow were
inextricable from its environmental dimensions. This narrative
history of a monumental disaster and its aftermath uncovers how
Black workers and politicians, white landowners and former
enslavers, northern interlocutors and humanitarians all met on the
flooded ground of the coast and fought to realize very different
visions for the region's future. Through a telescoping series of
narratives in which no one's actions were ever fully triumphant or
utterly futile, Hurricane Jim Crow explores with nuance this
painful and contradictory history and shows how environmental
change, political repression, and communal traditions of
resistance, survival, and care converged.
In November 1950, the greatest storm of the twentieth century
crippled the eastern United States, affecting more than 100 million
people. Sometimes referred to as the Great Appalachian or
Thanksgiving storm, this was no ordinary weather event. Its giant
size and multiple record-setting hazards-including snow, ice,
flooding, wind, and cold temperatures-were cataclysmic. This
superstorm was the most costly weather-related disaster when it
occurred. Only two other storms that affected the US mainland since
then, both hurricanes, have exceeded its death toll. The weather
records it established remain benchmarks of extreme weather to this
day. Superstorm 1950 examines the immediate impact of the storm,
covering not just meteorology, but also its wide-ranging social
impacts, which varied by race, class, and gender. The repercussions
continue to affect us today, in obvious areas like weather
forecasting, and in surprising areas like Ohio State football and
government tax policy. Because superstorms are not as familiar as
hurricanes or tornadoes, they can be overlooked in terms of
weather-related disasters. This is a mistake. Vulnerability to
weather disasters is increasing, and a similar storm today would
likely be the most expensive weather disaster ever in the United
States. Superstorm 1950 serves not only as a riveting account of
one of the greatest disasters in US history, but also provides a
premonition of what may come if global climate change is not
confronted.
Hurricanes menace North America from June through to November every
year, each as powerful as 10,000 nuclear bombs. These megastorms
will likely become more intense as the planet continues to warm,
yet we too often treat them as local disasters and TV spectacles,
unaware of how far-ranging their impact can be. As best-selling
historian Eric Jay Dolin contends, we must look to our nation's
past if we hope to comprehend the consequences of the hurricanes of
the future. With A Furious Sky, Dolin has created a vivid,
sprawling account of our encounters with hurricanes, from the
nameless storms that threatened Columbus's New World voyages to the
destruction wrought in Puerto Rico by Hurricane Maria. Weaving a
story of shipwrecks and devastated cities, of heroism and folly,
Dolin introduces a rich cast of unlikely heroes, such as Benito
Vines, a nineteenth-century Jesuit priest whose innovative methods
for predicting hurricanes saved countless lives and puts us in the
middle of the most devastating storms of the past, none worse than
the Galveston Hurricane of 1900, which killed at least 6,000
people, the highest toll of any natural disaster in American
history. Dolin draws on a vast array of sources as he melds
American history, as it is usually told, with the history of
hurricanes, showing how these tempests frequently helped determine
the nation's course. Hurricanes, it turns out, prevented Spain from
expanding its holdings in North America beyond Florida in the late
1500s and they also played a key role in shifting the tide of the
American Revolution against the British in the final stages of the
conflict. As he moves through the centuries, following the rise of
the United States despite the chaos caused by hurricanes, Dolin
traces the corresponding development of hurricane science, from
important discoveries made by Benjamin Franklin to the
breakthroughs spurred by the necessities of World War II and the
Cold War. Yet after centuries of study and despite remarkable leaps
in scientific knowledge and technological prowess, there are still
limits on our ability to predict exactly when and where hurricanes
will strike and we remain vulnerable to the greatest storms on
earth. A Furious Sky is, ultimately, a story of a changing climate
and it forces us to reckon with the reality that, as bad as the
past has been, the future will probably be worse unless we
drastically re-imagine our relationship with the planet.
In recent years there has been growing recognition that disaster
risk cannot be reduced by focusing solely on physical hazards
without considering factors that influence socio-economic impact.
Vulnerability: the susceptibility to the damaging impacts of
hazards, and resilience: the ability to recover, have become
popular concepts in natural hazard and risk management. This book
provides a comprehensive overview of the concepts of vulnerability
and resilience and their application to natural hazards research.
With contributions from both physical and social scientists it
provides an interdisciplinary discussion of the different types of
vulnerability and resilience, the links between them, and concludes
with the remaining challenges and future directions of the field.
Examining global case studies from the US coast to Austria, this is
a valuable reference for researchers and graduate students working
in natural hazard and risk reduction from both the natural and
social sciences.
Before the drought of the early twenty-first century, the dry
benchmark in the American plains was the Dust Bowl of the 1930s.
But in this eye-opening work, Kevin Z. Sweeney reveals that the
Dust Bowl was only one cycle in a series of droughts on the U.S.
southern plains. Reinterpreting our nation's nineteenth-century
history through paleoclimatological data and firsthand accounts of
four dry periods in the 1800s, Prelude to the Dust Bowl
demonstrates the dramatic and little-known role drought played in
settlement, migration, and war on the plains. Stephen H. Long's
famed military expedition coincided with the drought of the 1820s,
which prompted Long to label the southern plains a "Great American
Desert"-a destination many Anglo-Americans thought ideal for
removing Southeastern Indian tribes to in the 1830s. The second dry
trend, from 1854 to 1865, drove bison herds northeastward,
fomenting tribal warfare, and deprived Civil War armies in Indian
Territory of vital commissary. In the late 1880s and mid-1890s, two
more periods of drought triggered massive outmigration from the
southern plains as well as appeals from farmers and congressmen for
federal famine relief, pleas quickly denied by President Grover
Cleveland. Sweeney's interpretation of familiar events through the
lens of drought lays the groundwork for understanding why the U.S.
government's reaction to the Dust Bowl of the 1930s was such a
radical departure from previous federal responses. Prelude to the
Dust Bowl provides new insights into pivotal moments in the
settlement of the southern plains and stands as a timely reminder
that drought, as part of a natural climatic cycle, will continue to
figure in the unfolding history of this region.
__________ If you live on planet Earth, you're probably scared
about the future. Terrorism, complicated international relations,
global warming, killer viruses and a raft of other issues make it
hard not to be. Watching the news you have to wonder: is it safe to
go out there or not? In The Day It Finally Happens, Mike Pearl
games out many of the 'could it really happen?' scenarios we've all
speculated about, assigning a probability rating, and taking us
through how it would unfold. He explores what would likely occur in
dozens of possible scenarios - the final failure of antibiotics,
the loss of the world's marine life, the abolition of the British
monarchy, and even the arrival of aliens - and reports back from
the future, providing a clear picture on how the world would look,
feel, and even smell in each of these instances. Hilarious,
enlightening, and terrifying, this book makes science accessible
and is a unique form of existential therapy, offering practical
answers to some of our most worrisome questions. Thankfully, the
odds of humanity pulling through look pretty good. __________ For
fans of such bestsellers as What If?,The Worst Case Scenario
Survival Handbook and The Uninhabitable Earth, as well as Steven
Pinker and Malcolm Gladwell, this is a book about future events
that we don't really understand and getting to know them in close
detail. Entertaining speculation featuring both authoritative
research and a bit of mischief: a look at how humanity is likely to
weather such happenings as the day nuclear war occurs, the day the
global internet goes down, the day we run out of effective
antibiotics, and the day immortality is achieved.
On an August night in 1893, the deadliest hurricane in South
Carolina history struck the Lowcountry, killing thousands-almost
all African American. But the devastating storm is only the
beginning of this story. The hurricane's long effects intermingled
with ongoing processes of economic downturn, racial oppression,
resistance, and environmental change. In the Lowcountry, the
political, economic, and social conditions of Jim Crow were
inextricable from its environmental dimensions. This narrative
history of a monumental disaster and its aftermath uncovers how
Black workers and politicians, white landowners and former
enslavers, northern interlocutors and humanitarians all met on the
flooded ground of the coast and fought to realize very different
visions for the region's future. Through a telescoping series of
narratives in which no one's actions were ever fully triumphant or
utterly futile, Hurricane Jim Crow explores with nuance this
painful and contradictory history and shows how environmental
change, political repression, and communal traditions of
resistance, survival, and care converged.
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