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Books > Business & Economics > Economics > Economic systems > General
In contrast to the failure to economic reforms in Eastern Europe, China's economic reforms have been quite successful. Decollectivization, marketization, state enterprise reforms, and reintegration into the world economy have led to very rapid economic development in China over the past two decades. These economic reforms, in turn, triggered profound social and political changes. This collection examines the origins, nature, and impact, as well as the future prospects of these reforms and changes. The contributors are all active researchers from a variety of disciplines, including economics, sociology, political science, and geography.
In the 1990s the former states of the Soviet Union underwent dramatic and revolutionary changes. As a result of enforced, neo-liberal reforms the fledgling republics were exposed to the familiar effects of globalised capital. Focusing on Kazakhstan, where violence and corruption are now facts of everyday life, Joma Nazpary examines the impact of the new capitalism on the people of Central Asia. Using in-depth interviews and material gathered over more than a year's fieldwork, Nazpary explores the responses of the dispossessed to their dispossession. He uncovers the construction of 'imagined communities', grounded in Soviet nostalgia, which serve to resist the economic order, as well as the more practical survival strategies, especially of women, often forced into prostitution where they are subject to violence and stigma. By revealing the extent to which Kazakh society has disintegrated and the cultural responses to it, Nazpary argues that dispossession has been a stronger unifying force than even ethnicity or religion. Comparing the effects of neo-liberal reforms in Kazakhstan with those in other regions, he concludes that causes, forms and consequences of dispossession in Kazakhstan are particular instances of a much wider global trend.
Exploring one of the most dynamic and contested regions of the world, this series includes works on political, economic, cultural, and social changes in modern and contemporary Asia and the Pacific. In contrast to the failure of economic reforms in Eastern Europe, China's economic reforms have been quite successful. These economic reforms, in turn, triggered such profound social and political changes as massive temporary migrations to the cities; a consumer revolution by the newly emerged middle class; the revival of religious movements; the rise of Chinese feminism; and impetus toward democratization along the Western line. This collection examines the origins, nature and impact, as well as the future prospects of these reforms and changes. The contributors are all active researchers from a variety of disciplines, including economics, sociology, political science, and geography.
The financial services sector is critical to the economy and represents a vital component of our nation's critical infrastructure. It includes thousands of depository institutions, providers of investment products, insurance companies, and credit and financing organizations. A terrorist attack affecting the this sector would have a devastating impact. Financial Services Sector Protection and Homeland Security provides readers with an understanding of the challenges and potential threats faced by the financial services sector. This book presents commonsense methodologies to help safeguard this sector in a straightforward but engaging manner. It was written in response to the critical needs of financial planners, management analysts, law enforcement and security specialists, and anyone with a general interest in the security of the financial services sector. Other books in the Critical Infrastructure and Homeland Security Series include: *Dam Sector Protection and Homeland Security *Energy Infrastructure Protection and Homeland Security *Food Supply Protection and Homeland Security *Transportation Protection and Homeland Security *Government Facilities Protection and Homeland Security *Information Technology Protection and homeland Security
The modern welfare state finds itself in the middle of two major upheavals: the impact of technology and immigration. Having taken in more refugees per capita than most other countries, the pillars of the Swedish welfare state are being shaken, and digital technologies are set to strengthen already existing trends towards job and wage polarization. The development of skills to keep pace with technology will enter into a critical period for the labor market in which inadequate policy responses could result in further inequality and polarization. In this regard, a platform-based labor market could help by opening up a vast range of new work opportunities. Marten Blix examines the implications of these trends that drive change in developed economies and, in particular, the impact that they have on Sweden and other European countries with rigid labor markets and comprehensive tax-financed welfare services. Increasing costs from immigration and rising inequality could further reduce the willingness to pay high taxes and erode support for redistribution. Failure to address challenges like this one could herald much more drastic changes down the road. There are already signs of economic and political tensions and there is a risk that the social contract could crack. This new discussion on the future of work and the welfare state will be of interest not only to scholars but in policy circles and corresponding societies in sociology, labor relations, political science and public administration.
This book examines the current difficulties facing the U.S. steel industry and policy options to tackle them.
A Financial Times Book of the Year A ProMarket Book of the Year "Superbly argued and important...Donald Trump is in so many ways a product of the defective capitalism described in The Great Reversal. What the U.S. needs, instead, is another Teddy Roosevelt and his energetic trust-busting. Is that still imaginable? All believers in the virtues of competitive capitalism must hope so." -Martin Wolf, Financial Times "In one industry after another...a few companies have grown so large that they have the power to keep prices high and wages low. It's great for those corporations-and bad for almost everyone else." -David Leonhardt, New York Times "Argues that the United States has much to gain by reforming how domestic markets work but also much to regain-a vitality that has been lost since the Reagan years...His analysis points to one way of making America great again: restoring our free-market competitiveness." -Arthur Herman, Wall Street Journal Why are cell-phone plans so much more expensive in the United States than in Europe? It seems a simple question, but the search for an answer took one of the world's leading economists on an unexpected journey through some of the most hotly debated issues in his field. He reached a surprising conclusion: American markets, once a model for the world, are giving up on healthy competition. In the age of Silicon Valley start-ups and millennial millionaires, he hardly expected this. But the data from his cutting-edge research proved undeniable. In this compelling tale of economic detective work, we follow Thomas Philippon as he works out the facts and consequences of industry concentration, shows how lobbying and campaign contributions have defanged antitrust regulators, and considers what all this means. Philippon argues that many key problems of the American economy are due not to the flaws of capitalism or globalization but to the concentration of corporate power. By lobbying against competition, the biggest firms drive profits higher while depressing wages and limiting opportunities for investment, innovation, and growth. For the sake of ordinary Americans, he concludes, government needs to get back to what it once did best: keeping the playing field level for competition. It's time to make American markets great-and free-again.
Business is a necessary evil that the moral leaders of mankind have
tolerated but never condoned. At no time did they view with favor
the pursuit of material gain. The Old Testament prophets proclaimed
against the rapacity of the rich. Jesus scorned the money lenders.
Luther had no kind words to say to the wealthy, nor did Calvin
indulge the new bourgeoisie." Thus begins this first book-length
study of social philosopher and political economist Adam Smith's
"The Wealth of Nations."
Labour reform is only one component of the larger process of reforming economy and society experienced by China during the late 1970s, 80s and 90s, and it is probably that part of this process where paradoxes emerge most clearly. This book suggests a two-level analysis: labour theory and consequent policy- and law-making emerging from a rapidly changing ideological environment from the beginning of Deng's Reform clash with the social and practical contradictions of policy implementation that emerges in the second part of the book, together with an increasing "resistance" by society vis a vis the state's overall policies as well as with an increasing - functional and tolerated - "informalization" of labour practices. The book borrows historical analytical tools in order to shed light on how policy-making takes place in contemporary China: an experimental and self-fulfilling process where decisions are taken only long after being introduced into daily practice. It should be of interest to students of contemporary Chinese society and help in the understanding of 25 years of Chinese labour reform.
This is a groundbreaking economic analysis of entrepreneurship and the development process for innovation. The author strives to distinguish the role of the capitalist from that of an entrepreneur, and to show how the actions of the entrepreneur impact new employment, economic growth, and advancements in the overall standard of living. The book provides in-depth discussion of several critical concepts: the economic development of a product; Schumpeter's "temporary monopoly control"; the economic bounds of product and process innovations; and changing production functions. It also develops and integrates an analysis of how innovation-induced modifications in either products or processes affect both short-ran and long-ran average costs in production. As a special feature, each chapter includes an interview with a successful entrepreneur, and suggested readings are also provided.
This is a groundbreaking economic analysis of entrepreneurship and the development process for innovation. The author strives to distinguish the role of the capitalist from that of an entrepreneur, and to show how the actions of the entrepreneur impact new employment, economic growth, and advancements in the overall standard of living. The book provides in-depth discussion of several critical concepts: the economic development of a product; Schumpeter's "temporary monopoly control"; the economic bounds of product and process innovations; and changing production functions. It also develops and integrates an analysis of how innovation-induced modifications in either products or processes affect both short-ran and long-ran average costs in production. As a special feature, each chapter includes an interview with a successful entrepreneur, and suggested readings are also provided.
'Makes a substantial contribution to the practical, effective analysis of climate change mitigation options in developing countries.' Development And Cooperation 'The book is an excellent exercise and a good source of detailed information, and a basis for further discussions. Any person interested in this major environmental problem should read it.' International Journal of Environment and Pollution 'Markandya and Halsnaes' collection is thoughtfully put together and can be recommended to all the practitioners in the fields of climate change and sustainable development.' The Journal of Energy Literature This text argues that the policies pursued by developing countries will be crucial in determining the progress of climate change. Many are industrializing rapidly and the largest, particularly China and India, could have an impact at least as significant as that of the already industrialized economies - the reason given by President Bush for taking the US out of the Kyoto Protocol. The future of sustainable development in large measure depends on developing countries. This book develops a pragmatic framework for evaluating the climate change options faced by each developing country, depending on their individual circumstances. It assesses present methods, suggests how these might be improved, and proposes ways in which social and developmental aspects can be taken into account. Its discussion of the issues and the methods presented contribute to the practical analysis of climate change mitigation options in developing countries. The book should be useful to professionals, governments, international organizations and environmental groups working on climate change issues; as well as researchers, academics and students in economics, environmental and development studies and international affairs. |
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