The Italian and Iberian Influence in Accounting History provides compelling evidence of how accounting, when conceived of as a technology rather than simply as a tool to increase efficiency, can work as a means to sustain power relations in different sites, such as the Church, the State or the factory. This book, drawing upon the growing body of work which focuses on Italy and the Iberian Peninsula, demonstrates how accounting practices were effective in the subjugation of single individuals or entire populations, whether Roman Catholic priests, State functionaries, inhabitants of conquered lands or workers. The effectiveness of accounting as a tool of power is linked to its neutral and technical appearance, which makes it difficult for those oppressed and controlled by its practices to oppose it. Its adaptability to different organizational contexts, as documented in The Italian and Iberian Influence in Accounting History, makes it a valuable tool for sustaining existing power relations and reproducing inequalities and exploitation. The Italian and Iberian Influence in Accounting History is vital reading for academics and researchers in the fields of accounting, accounting history, political management and sociology and European history.

Accountancy as presently practised is tied to the paradigm of modern financial capitalism with its reliance on market solutions and the maximization of the firm's profits, which are the fundamental causes of most these problems. The Social Function of Accounts argues that accountancy, as currently organized and practised, is failing society, both in Britain and in the world as a whole. Examining the current problems afflicting the world: financial crises and instability, global warming, degradation of the environment, growing inequality, this book asks the question - what contribution does accountancy make to the solution of these problems? The book argues that the accountancy profession does not serve the public interest, notwithstanding its claim to this effect. The Social Function of Accounts argues that the moral responsibility of the accountant is analysed with reference to the principal theories of ethics continuing that the individual accountant has a moral responsibility to consider the impact of his actions on other people and on society as a whole. This responsibility is then analysed in a series of chapters dealing with four specific aspects of the matter: Distributive Justice, Sustainability, Financial reporting & the Accountancy Profession. Concluding with a call for the accountancy profession to adopt a new ethic of service to the public The Social Function of Accounts redraws the boundaries of current accounting literature and will be vital reading for academics, researchers and policy makers in accounting and related disciplines.

This is the sixth volume in a series dealing with such topics as information systems practice and theory, information systems and the accounting/auditing environment, and differing perspectives on information systems research.

Accounting for Financial Instruments is about the accounting and regulatory framework associated with the acquisition and disposal of financial instruments; how to determine their value; how to manage the risk connected with them; and ultimately compile a business valuation report. Specifically, the book covers the following topics, amongst others: Accounting for Investments; Bills of exchange; Management of Financial Risks; Financial Analysis (including the Financial Analysis Report); Valuation of a business (including the Business Valuation Report) and Money laundering. Accounting for Financial Instruments fills a gap in the current literature for a comprehensive text that brings together relevant accounting concepts and valid regulatory framework, and related procedures regarding the management of financial instruments (investments), which are applicable in the modern business world. Understanding financial risk management allows the reader to comprehend the importance of analysing a business concern. This is achieved by presenting an analytical framework to illustrate that an entity's performance is greatly influenced by its external and internal environments. The analysis of the external environment examines factors that impact an entity's operational activities, strategic choices, and influence its opportunities and risks. The analysis of the internal environment applies accounting ratio analysis to an entity's financial statements to examine various elements, including liquidity, profitability, asset utilisation, investment, working capital management and capital structure. The objective of the book is to provide a fundamental knowledge base for those who are interested in managing financial instruments (investments) or studying banking and finance or those who wish to make financial services, particularly banking and finance, their chosen career. Accounting for Financial Instruments is highly applicable to both professional accountants and auditors and students alike.

Is society possible without accounting? In speech or in writing, we communicate actions, plans and decisions using numbers, calculations, words and images. Although accounting research is dominated by quantitative analyses, the role of accounting in society is firmly established over thousands of years. In this concise book, Lisa Jack demonstrates the power of social theory in expanding the value of accounting research. Accounting and Social Theory: An introduction includes advice on research problems as well as guidance on fertile areas for new research. The tools, techniques and developments covered by the author help readers to see social research in accounting as the study of the use, misuse and abuse of accounting communications by people and the effects that this has on social relationships. Stories of accounting in war, agriculture and food, gender, health and other areas illustrate the ways in which the threads of accounting run through society. Having emerged from the author's wealth of teaching experience, this book provides a student-focused treasure trove that illuminates the field for early-career researchers in accounting and established academics looking to expand the impact of their work.

There is growing interest in the history of accounting amongst both accounting practitioners and accounting academics. This interest developed steadily from about 1970 and really 'took off' in the 1990s. However, there is a lack of texts dealing with major aspects of accounting history that can be used in classrooms, to inform new researchers, and to provide a source of reference for established researchers.The great deal of research into cost and management accounting in Britain published in academic journals over the last twenty years-including the authors' own contributions-makes The History of Cost and Management Accounting an essential contribution to the field.

Businesses are complex, and, as a result, teachers face a difficult task developing students' understanding of how they work, especially in the global context. Accounting for Business Studies helps teachers focus on modern commercial issues and integrates accounting into business and management studies. This book includes: * A business perspective rather than an accounting perspective * e-business, including case studies * Globalisation, including case studies * Business skills, like interpretation, analysis and communication * IT integrated into specific business situations * Includes models such as Porter's Five Forces, Supply Chain, Product Life Cycle

In the business world, recent years have seen a growing acknowledgement of the value of intangible assets rather than physical assets. This has precipitated a crisis in the accounting industry: the accounting representations relied upon for years can no longer be taken for granted. Here, Norman Macintosh argues that we now need to understand accounting in a different manner. Offering several different ways of looking at accounting and accountants, he draws upon the work of eminent thinkers such as Barthes, Baudrillard, Derrida, Foucault, Lyotard and Bahktin. In doing this, he develops revolutionary insights into the nature of accounting, pioneering the introduction of contemporary poststructuralist ideas into accounting theory and practice. With a wide range of examples and case studies and now available in paperback for the first time, this revolutionary new work will be essential reading for academic and professional accountants along with all those with an interest in the future of accounting.

Accounting carries with its history a vast number of ideas which have slowly developed along with it. This volume relates this history as it took place during the first three decades of the twentieth century in the United States. In particular it deals with those individuals who were for the most part responsible for it. It was these pioneers who recorded their observations of the actual workings of the myriad adaptations and new devices which had slowly eased their way into accounting theory and practice in the USA in the early twentieth century.

First Published in 2004. The subject of this text is modern accountancy, which is to be considered from a sociological perspective. The logical starting point is to map out the chosen subject, modern accountancy, before saying something about the particular disciplinary perspective, sociology, from which it is to be viewed. The volume is split into two parts the sociology of accountancy and Sociology for accounting.

In-depth coverage of the valuation of accounting practices and of partial ownerships in those practices

Fundamental concepts and approaches related to accounting practices

• Illustrative income approach valuation methods
• Illustrative market approach valuation methods
• Illustrative asset-based approach valuation methods
• Preparing the overall accounting practice valuation synthesis and conclusion
• Identification and quantification of accounting practice valuation discounts and premiums, and other special topics related to the valuation of partial ownership interests
• Special topics related to the valuation of accounting practices
• Reporting the results of the accounting practice appraisal

This comprehensive guide covers every aspect of accounting firm valuation, from determining the circumstances in which the procedure should be undertaken to compliance with standards for reporting valuation results. It provides a solid conceptual and theoretical foundation for the analysis and appraisal of accounting practices along with numerous practical applications and illustrations.

The main body of the book is divided into four sections. The first section addresses the planning stages of the valuation, including motivations for conducting an appraisal, its purpose and objective, professional valuation standards, selecting a valuation approach, and data gathering. In the second section, specific accounting practice valuation methods are discussed and illustrated. These include market-based, income-based, and asset-based methods. This section also examines the process of determining the overall value of the business.

The third section of Valuing Accounting Practices focuses on the valuation of fractional or partial interests in an accounting firm. A large part of this discussion centers on the identification and valuation of discounts and premiums related to partial or minority ownership, with an emphasis on marketable versus nonmarketable interest and discounts for lack of marketability. Topics include empirical research, factors affecting marketability, consideration of transferability restrictions, and discounts and premiums for other nonsystematic factors. The fourth section defines standards for accounting practice valuation reports and provides a comprehensive sample report. Lastly, special practice valuation topics are discussed.

Supplemented with numerous checklists, quantitative examples, appendices, and bibliographies, this handbook is an indispensable resource for accountants and appraisers who value accounting practices. It is an excellent guide for sole practitioners or members of small and medium-size accounting firms who need to conduct self-appraisals for merger negotiations, new firm formation, litigation, or any other reason. It is also an important reference for divorce attorneys.

A timely guide to understanding and implementing credit derivatives

Credit derivatives are here to stay and will continue to play a role in finance in the future. But what will that role be? What issues and challenges should be addressed? And what lessons can be learned from the credit mess?

"Credit Risk Frontiers" offers answers to these and other questions by presenting the latest research in this field and addressing important issues exposed by the financial crisis. It covers this subject from a real world perspective, tackling issues such as liquidity, poor data, and credit spreads, as well as the latest innovations in portfolio products and hedging and risk management techniques.Provides a coherent presentation of recent advances in the theory and practice of credit derivativesTakes into account the new products and risk requirements of a post financial crisis worldContains information regarding various aspects of the credit derivative market as well as cutting edge research regarding those aspects

If you want to gain a better understanding of how credit derivatives can help your trading or investing endeavors, then "Credit Risk Frontiers" is a book you need to read.

BPP Learning Media is an ACCA approved content provider. Our suite of study tools will provide you with all the accurate and up-to-date material you need for exam success.

In the new economy where value drivers are shifting from tangible to intangibles resources, brands are the most familiar asset. They are well known by consumers, perceived as a critical component of enterprise value and often motivate large mergers and acquisitions. Yet, brands are a complex intangible asset, and their valuation is a difficult task requiring a variety of expertise: legal, economic, financial, sector-specific and marketing. Using rigorous methodologies, an analysis of the world of the new economy and an inquiry into the limits of modern valuation technics, this book offers empirical and theoretical background to the key issue of brand valuation. It provides answers to the many questions that arise when attempting to value a brand: How to understand the origin of brand value? How to assess its value objectively? Why valuations of some brands by consulting firms differ so widely? How to understand that some brands are valued millions of euros when the companies that own them are losing money? Brand Valuation explains the economics and finance factors explaining the value and volatility of brands and presents the most commonly used methodologies to value brands such as the cost methods, the excess earnings approach, the relief-from-royalty method or the excess revenue approach. The methodologies covered are illustrated with numerous examples allowing the reader to grasp the advantages and limits of each valuation techniques. The book presents the relevant context of brand valuation including the applicable existing accounting and valuation standards and also discusses the models developed by consulting firms.

Capitalism is historically pervasive. Despite attempts through the centuries to suppress or control the private ownership of commercial assets, production and trade for profit has survived and, ultimately, flourished. Against this backdrop, accounting provides a fundamental insight: the 'value' of physical and intangible capital assets that are used in production is identically equal to the sum of the debt liabilities and equity capital that are used to finance those assets. In modern times, this appears as the balance sheet relationship. In determining the 'value' of items on the balance sheet, equity capital appears as a residual calculated as the difference between the 'value' of assets and liabilities. Through the centuries, the organization of capitalist activities has changed considerably, dramatically impacting the methods used to value, trade and organize equity capital. To reflect these changes, this book is divided into four parts that roughly correspond to major historical changes in equity capital organization. The first part of this book examines the rudimentary commercial ventures that characterized trading for profit from ancient times until the contributions of the medieval scholastics that affirmed the moral value of equity capital. The second part deals with the evolution of equity capital organization used in seaborne trade of the medieval and Renaissance Italian city states and in the early colonization ventures of western European powers and ends with the emergence in the market for tradeable equity capital shares during the 17th century. The third part begins with the 1719-1720 Mississippi scheme and South Sea bubbles in northern Europe and continues to cover the transition from joint stock companies to limited liability corporations with autonomous shares in England, America and France during the 19th century. This part ends with a fundamental transition in the social conception of equity capital from a concern with equity capital organization to the problem of determining value. The final part is concerned with the evolving valuation and management of equity capital from the 1920s to the present. This period includes the improvement corporate accounting for publicly traded shares engendered by the Great Depression that has facilitated the use of 'value investing' techniques and the conflicting emergence of portfolio management methods of modern Finance. Equity Capital is aimed at providing material relevant for academic presentations of equity valuation history and methods, and is targeted at researchers, academics, students and professionals alike.

First published in 1996. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Both financial and non-financial managers with accountability for performance at either a strategic level or for a business unit have responsibility for risk management, in terms of failing to achieve organisational objectives. Fundamentals of Enterprise Risk management is structured around four parts and 26 self-contained chapters. Each chapter will have ample practical examples and illustrations/mini-case studies from retail, manufacturing and service industries and from the public and not-for-profit sectors to enable the reader to understand and apply the concepts in the book.

'Accounting for Business' is ideal for undergraduate students on business and accounting courses who need to understand the nuts and bolts of financial accounting. This popular textbook has always enjoyed a deserved reputation for accessibility and thoroughness. Now in its third edition, its contents have been fully updated and restructured to make them even easier to use. Readers will benefit from the coverage of current accounting practices and legislation, in addition to the range of worked examples and self-test activities throughout the book. 'Accounting for Business' clearly explains accounting information's role in making sound business decisions and focuses upon the aspects of accounting practice which are most relevant to the non-specialist manager. It is ideal for first year undergraduates of business studies, higher students and those pursuing professional accountancy qualifications. This third edition has been restructured, to further enhance its 'student centred' approach. The content has now been broken down into 25 roughly equivalent 'bite-sized' individual study topics. Each of these requires 6 hours of study time, enabling this book to support a full scale semester course with two topics a week, or a full year course at one topic a week. Includes a wide selection of topical case studies, with a broad spread of international examples.

Metrics for Sustainable Business is the first book to give students a comprehensive understanding of sustainability in organizations from an accounting perspective. The book walks student through the steps for doing a sustainability assessment, and aims to develop them into financial analysts who understand sustainability reports, and are able to create or audit them. While most books focus on environmental issues, Herriott trains his gaze on the corporate and institutional perspective, covering measurement systems, how to evaluate and improve a standard, and conducting a life cycle assessment. Walking students through the programs of disclosure, the varying standards for corporate ratings, and organizational certification, allows them to grasp the tools for conducting a sustainability assessment and auditing reports. Chapters on accounting for greenhouse gas emissions, water use, and waste introduce students to the technical details in sustainability accounting, while a chapter on the philosophies of sustainability offers an answer to the question, "Why are they asking us to report that?" Richly demonstrated with practical examples and informative visuals, this book will serve students of sustainability, accounting, and integrated reporting.

The interrelations between accounting and food have been hitherto neglected at an international level. This regret is particularly meaningful with regards to Italy, where 'Food', besides being a physiological need to satisfy, is one of the main pillars of the 'Made in Italy' Industry, and the so-called Italian life-style, which has become a part of the popular culture. Accounting and Food seeks to explore the accounting, business and financial history of some of the most prestigious Italian food producers. Moreover, given that "Food" has been at the center of production and trade throughout the history of mankind, food production and commerce will be investigated from the critical angles of accounting, accountants and merchants. Relatedly, the interconnected history of the Food fairs and expositions of the major Italian trade centers will be also unveiled. Accounting and Food examines the role of accounting, accountants and merchants in food production and international trade (e.g., grain, wine, etc...) as well as considering the history of food producers, paying particular attention to the role played by women entrepreneurs over time. Finally the book explores the interrelations of accounting, food and state, local authorities and social institutions, in particular in so far these latter institutions were involved in the Political economy, regulation, allocation and distribution of food to populations and societies. Accounting and Food will be of particular interest to researches and scholars in the field of accounting history but also to those working in the areas of regional development, regional economics, food and sociology and other related disciplines.

This study adds both knowledge and method in the writing of business history. The author proposes that a preliminary management audit can be devised and utilized to gather data, analyse and compare longitudinally the quality of management existing in organizations. This book modifies a methodological tool for measuring, analysing and comparing managements to aid in the writing of business history. It establishes criteria and examples of excellent management from a sample of the USA's first large-scale organization - the railroads. Prior to the 1870s the railroads were the only big business in the USA and the early ones emerged as a managerial problem which made obsolescent traditional structures and concepts and required effective management.

The critical tradition in accounting historiography has come to occupy a prominent place in the discipline's academic scholarship. Some critical literature has confronted the responsibility of accounting and accountants in precipitating contemporary crises, such as the audit failures that spawned Sarbanes-Oxley and the world-wide recession. Certain contemporary issues have long histories, such as the difficulties encountered by women to break the glass ceiling in public accounting, and the suffering of indigenous peoples under the imperialistic yoke. Other episodes in accounting's long history are seemingly more divorced from the present, but in reality they all have contemporary significance. Slavery in the New World, for example, although abolished more than a century ago, is still rampant in parts of the world, albeit less formally. Critical accounting historians feel it a duty to harken to the "suppressed voices" of the past, those groups of people who had no access to an accounting record - women, persons of color, indigenous populations, alienated proletarians, victims of governmental incompetence and graft, and many voiceless others. Critical Histories of Accounting: Sinister Inscriptions in the Modern Era draws on the foremost work in this developing literature, both that authored by the co-editors of this volume, and that written by others. Editors Richard K. Fleischman, Warwick N. Funnell, and Steve Walker have written extensively about "the dark side of accounting," gauging the complicity of those performing accounting functions in episodes in human history that are at worst evil and at best reprehensible. The editors have also hand-selected a series of historical and contemporary episodes that have been critically investigated by the wider accounting history community, preceded by a thorough introduction.

Written over a period of twenty years the papers included here reflect the changing circumstances around the study of accounting history.

This book shows the relevance of accounting methods to the economic and administrative problems of business. The book has been arranged to take the reader through the budgeting procedure of a representative business: demonstrating the relationship between budgets, accounts and the various business activities and showing how budgets and accounts link together the balance sheets at the beginning and end of the year.