This collection explores Kuhn's 1970 perception of a scientific revolution in the form of a cyclical sequence of anomaly recognition; insecurity, alternative ideas, schools of thought and dominating practices. Cash flow reporting has become a dominant accounting practice which emerged from a developmental process of Kuhnian form. The text is constructed around the various stages identified by Kuhn and selected readings are categorised accordingly.

This volume analyses and presents the results of the trade, service and financial operations between any given country and the rest of the world. Among other issues the volume discusses tax measures of the 1920s, ascertaining the trend of foreign assets, verifying economic theory, providing analysis of war and reconstruction problems, and discussing foreign investments from the USA, France, Canada and Britain.

Written over a period of twenty years the papers included here reflect the changing circumstances around the study of accounting history.

The history of accounting in Australia is of interest because it provides an opportunity to examine how accounting techniques, institutions and concepts have been imported and adapted to an environment similar to, but not exactly the same as that of the exporters. The book emphasizes private sector accounting over public sector accounting which is a reflection of the available literature but not of the real world of Australian accounting and is divided into 7 sections: Early Accounting Records The Financial Year Corporate Financial Reporting Audit Professional Accountancy Accounting Literature Biographies and Bibliographies

This text concerns developments in the history of one accounting idea. It discusses cash flow accounting and, as such, relates what can only be described as a 'recycled' accounting problem. Cash flow accounting is the oldest form of monetary accounting, preceding the now conventional accrual and allocation-based accounting. Largely ignored in accounting literature since the early 1950s, this collection concentrates on Lee's work and provides the reader not only with a relevant selection of his writings on the subject since 1971, but also with a structured collection that explains the way in his thinking has developed on the subject and focuses on relevant influences.

The first Scottish book on accounting was published in 1683. That book heralded a century during which Scotland established its reputation as a land of accountants: a steady stream of books subsequently appeared from Scottish presses. This bibliography contains over 330 location entries, including 32 non-UK libraries. Periodical articles as well books are included.

This book contains edited versions of thirty British legal cases involving accounting issues decided from 1849-1888. These cases are a valuable source of information about the development of accounting principles and practices in nineteenth-century Great Britain. The thirty cases show that the court decisions involved a rich variety of accounting issues. In some cases courts upset private contractual stipulations regarding accounting and dividend matters. In others, management was held to have used incorrect principles in computing profits. Whether or not a contract or management decision was upset, the courts often discussed at some length the principles that management should apply in the preparation of balance sheets or income statements. It is therefore obvious that in resolving issues of equity among participants in British companies, the courts were applying normative accounting principles.

This volume collects together out of print and hard to find sources on the behavioural implications of accounting. It begins with the 1952 monograph, The Impact of Budgets on People by Chris Argyris, considered by many to mark the beginning of behavioural research in accounting and is followed by: a critique of the general state of accounting research in 1960 critical evaluation of Argyris' research and other behavioural studies discussion of the research activity in the behavioural aspects of accounting during the 1960s and 70s a comprehensive perspective on the development of behavioural accounting research in the 1980s including discussion of the division of behavioural accounting research into two branches.

The journal Accounting History was published in eight volumes intermittently between 1976 and 1986. It had a relatively small circulation and this re-issue of its anthology provides the opportunity for many of the articles which appeared in the journal over the years to once again reach a wider audience. The volume begins with items of a general nature, covering the importance of preserving accounting records and accounting history in general. Subsequent categories deal with the methodology of historical accounting research, government accounting, taxation, bankruptcy, professional accountancy and accounting theory, as well as auditing and management accounting.

This study adds both knowledge and method in the writing of business history. The author proposes that a preliminary management audit can be devised and utilized to gather data, analyse and compare longitudinally the quality of management existing in organizations. This book modifies a methodological tool for measuring, analysing and comparing managements to aid in the writing of business history. It establishes criteria and examples of excellent management from a sample of the USA's first large-scale organization - the railroads. Prior to the 1870s the railroads were the only big business in the USA and the early ones emerged as a managerial problem which made obsolescent traditional structures and concepts and required effective management.

The accounting provisions of the Companies Act 1948 (CA48) represented a major change from the provisions of preceding company legislation, the Companies Act 1929 (CA29). CA48 contained radically different accounting and auditing provisions from those of any previous enactment and represented a substantial stride forward in generally accepted accounting standards. Until the publication of this book the explanation of the changes in CA48 was one that had remained relatively unexplored. This book examines the historical process which brought these regulatory changes about.

This CAPE Accounting Multiple Choice Practice book is an invaluable exam preparation aid for CAPE Accounting students. This book provides excellent practice for the multiple choice questions from Paper 1 of the CAPE examination, and has been specially written to help CAPE Accounting students improve their Paper 1 exam score.

The United Dutch East India Company was the first public company, preceding the formation of the English East-India Company by over 40 years. Its fame as the first public company which heralded the transition from feudalism to modern capitalism and its remarkable financial success for nearly two centuries ensure its importance in the history of capitalism. Although a publicly owned, highly complex and diversified business, and commonly agreed to be the largest and most profitable business in the 17th century, throughout its existence the Dutch East-India Company never produced public accounts of its financial affairs which would have allowed investors to judge the performance of the Company. Its financial accounting, which changed little during its lifetime, was not designed as an aid to rational investment decision-making by communicating the Company's financial performance but to be a means of promoting sound stewardship by senior management. This study examines the contributions of accounting to the remarkable success of the Dutch East-India Company and the influences on these accounting practices. From the time that the German economic historian Werner Sombart proposed that accounting techniques, most especially double-entry bookkeeping, were critical to the development of modern capitalism and the public company, historians and accounting scholars have debated the extent and importance of these contributions. The Dutch East-India Company was a capitalistic enterprise that had a public, permanent capital and its principal objective was to continually increase profit by reinvesting its returns in the business. Rather than the organisation and management of the Dutch East-India Company reflecting the perceived benefits of a particular bookkeeping method, the supremacy that it achieved and maintained in a very hazardous business at a time of recurring conflict between European states was a consequence of the practicalities of 17th century business and The Netherlands' unique, threatening natural environment which shaped its social and political institutions.

In the UK today the form and content of accounts published by limited companies are closely regulated. In the 19th century the position was different: the popular view was that such matters were for private negotiation between owners and management. Nevertheless, there was a great deal of discussion of the need for regulations, which were actually imposed in a number of areas. This book provides readers with the essence of the many debates that took place, the conclusions reached and the action taken to regulate company accounts.

Divided into three parts this volume discusses the Crusoe model of accounting, and a model appropriate for the Crusoe model. It also considers some accounting problems which arise in the real world as well as a discussion of government and business accounting, along with money, banks and financial institutions. Divided into three parts this volume discusses the Crusoe model of accounting, and a model appropriate for the Crusoe model.

This book contains 53 nineteenth century American legal cases in which courts discussed accounting issues. Some are well known: Wood v. Drummer (1824) was the foundation for the idea that capital could not be returned to shareholders and it was this restriction which made it necessary to distinguish between income and capital. The famous case of 1849, Burnes v Pennell is often cited as the source of the rule that dividends cannot be paid except from profits. However, many of the cases covered in this book are not well-known. It is often assumed that few American legal cases on accounting matters were decided in the nineteenth century. However, many of the 53 cases included here preceded the earliest British legal cases that discussed accounting issues and they are interesting for several reasons. They show that government regulation of accounting pre-dated the modern regulatory ear. They also illustration that sometimes private contracts specified a particular accounting treatment and that accounting, therefore, served to define private rights. They also illustrate that American courts discussed accrual accounting problems as early as 1837 and that a cash concept of profits was not the norm.

Up until the mid 1980s multinational enterprises usually published only consolidated worldwide accounts. This changed in subsequent years with increasing legal requirements to publish separate national accounts for each subsidiary. Obviously this exposes the subsidiary to the risk of takeover by a competitor and/or to intervention on the part of the host government. This book presents an authoritative and in-depth analysis of the disclosure issue from both theoretical and practical standpoints. The author describes the methods used to research and evaluate disclosure risks and benefits and presents much new thinking and many new research findings on this important topic.

This bibliography provides the reader with a comprehensive reference tool that will enhance understanding of methodological issues and enable the user to employ research methods appropriate to their subject of study. It also provides accounting historians a comprehensive data base for the development of papers addressing methodological issues in an accounting history context. Access to this type of resource is particularly crucial to the development of accounting history research since the number of papers dealing with methodological issues published in accounting history literature is very small. Hence the references in this bibliography are drawn from the literature of general history, economic and business history, legal and social history and philosophy. The scope and range of its contents are broad - references are taken from texts as well as papers published in over 450 journals.

The emergence of an accountancy profession in Scotland is described in the context of three leading Chartered Accountants, whose careers spanned the second half of the nineteenth century and early part of the twentieth century: George Auldjo Jamieson (21828-1900), Alexander Sloan (1843-1927) and Richard Brown (1856-1918). Each biography reveals the man involved in the professionalisation events, and is described within a broader personal context associated with Victorian Scotland.

C. Rufus Rorem, (1894-1988) was a pioneer in the development of group medical insurance and pre-paid health care. At the time the concepts were radical, but in 1937 he became head of the American Hospital Association's committee on hospital services, which fostered the first prepaid hospitalization plans in New York and other cities, followed in the 1940's by doctors' group practice. This collection includes out of print and difficult to access primary and secondary sources on Rorem's work, including his 1929 dissertation which presents his major, and still relevant writings on financial accounting theory and practice in a comprehensive, integrated context.

Accounting carries with its history a vast number of ideas which have slowly developed along with it. This volume relates this history as it took place during the first three decades of the twentieth century in the United States. In particular it deals with those individuals who were for the most part responsible for it. It was these pioneers who recorded their observations of the actual workings of the myriad adaptations and new devices which had slowly eased their way into accounting theory and practice in the USA in the early twentieth century.

The 43 papers in this collection, originally published from 1972 to 1987 delve into accounting, observing and exploring its functioning. They construct a basis for interrogating it in use and indeed they attempt to account for accounting. The author seeks to understand accounting, to appreciate what it is, what it does and how it does it, examining it from without rather than from within.

The period 1835-1935 saw the development of the structure of local government which remains broadly intact today and also the growth of modern financial reporting procedures. This book examines the accounting implications of these developments and places them within the social and organisational contexts in which the events took place. The research is based on the contents of government reports, contemporary literature dating from the mid 1870s and the archival records of five municipal corporations - Birmingham, Bradford, Bristol, Cardiff and Manchester.

Accounting carries with its history a vast number of ideas which have slowly developed along with it. The re-issued volumes in this set, available individually or as a set, together represent an unparalleled opportunity to build a library according to research interests or student requirements. They discuss the following: history of accounting & the development of accounting theory; analysis of international accounting principles; international group accounting; accounting practice; the presentation and interpretation of accounts; inflation accounting; cash budgets and funds flow; the regulatory framework of accounting in the UK, China, and the USA; comparisons with international accounting standards.

The first of its kind to concentrate on those terms related to the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), this dictionary provides more than mere translations, explaining as it does the keywords like a glossary. In addition, cross-references lead the user quickly and easily to further associated or explanatory terms.
In this way, the dictionary is an essential aid to translating and analyzing the IFRS accounts of German companies, while also proving invaluable in drawing up English annual reports or financial reports.
A useful, timesaving tool for both German and English speakers.