This collection of original essays by economists, biologists and political scientists has a common theme: that protecting species at risk while safeguarding social order is a policy challenge that entangles biology, politics, and economics. Nearly 1200 species are listed as endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973; only twelve have been removed from the list. Attempts at species recovery on public and private property lead the authors to examine the political realities that define the debate: who should pay the costs and receive the benefits, and how interest group behaviour affects the nature of endangered species protection. Although the ESA directs administrative agencies to list and protect species following scientific priorities, the collection addresses the economic choices that still must be confronted. These range from the protection potential of private markets to the design of incentive schemes to encourage conservation by private landowners.

The book will assist in the new public health response to the threats from bioterrorism and other public health disease by combining established principles of disease management protocols with effective differential diagnosis algorithms. Although no single approach answers all of the challenges confronting our public health system, this book fulfills many of the requirements. The author has collated the current diagnostic criteria for all health-related bioterrorist threats and other public health disorders. The book represents the print version of this project and is intended to be a quick reference for the busy clinician.

Significantly revised and updated, the fourth edition of this popular AAP policy manual helps you identify, prevent, and treat pediatric environmental health problems. This comprehensive guide puts critical children's health information and answers to parents' questions at your fingertips. From asbestos to radiation, ultraviolet rays, pesticides, asthma, lead, tobacco, and child care and school environments-current information on an exhaustive range of environmental health issues is included. Most chapters on chemical and physical hazards are organized in sections that describe the pollutant, routes of exposure, systems affected, clinical effects, diagnostic methods, treatment, and prevention of exposure and include suggested responses to questions that parents may ask. Topics include Addressing Environmental Health in Primary Care Food and Water Chemical and Physical Exposures Public Health Aspects of Environmental Health Emerging Technologies And more

The Guts of the Matter is a study of our oldest ecological problem: the transmission of infectious intestinal disease from human waste. Spanning the early hominin era to the present, this book explores the evolution of human waste disposal practices, the use of faeces and urine as fertilizer, and the changing patterns of transmission of intestinal pathogens and parasites. Chapters trace the spread of viral, bacterial, and helminthic infections through the early processes of globalization and track the uneven successes of the sanitation revolution in recent centuries. The book also provides an overview of the cultural practices that influence the transmission of infectious intestinal disease and the impacts of biomedical advances such as oral rehydration therapy and vaccination. Webb's impressive breadth and meticulous research is invaluable for students of public health, environmental history, global history, and medicine.

Laboratory Experiments in Trace Environmental Quantitative Analysis is a collection of student-tested experiments that introduce important principles that underlie various laboratory techniques in the field of trace environmental organics and inorganics quantitative analysis. It crosses the more traditional academic disciplines of environmental science and analytical chemistry. The text is organized to begin with minimally rigorous session/experiments and increase in rigor as each session/experiment unfolds. Each experiment features learning objectives, expected student outcomes, and suggestions for further study. Additional features include: Students are introduced to the principles and laboratory practice of instrumental analysis (determinative techniques) that are clearly presented. Students are carefully taken through various ways to prepare samples for trace quantitative analysis (sample prep techniques). Safety warnings are listed within each experiment. Students are introduced to all three types of instrument calibration: external, internal and standard addition. Instructors who are responsible for laboratory courses in analytical chemistry with potential application to environmental sample matrices will find this textbook of value. Graduate programs in environmental science and engineering will also greatly benefit from the content.

The increase in environmentally induced diseases and the loosening of regulation and safety measures have inspired a massive challenge to established ways of looking at health and the environment. Communities with disease clusters, women facing a growing breast cancer incidence rate, and people of color concerned about the asthma epidemic have become critical of biomedical models that emphasize the role of genetic makeup and individual lifestyle practices. Likewise, scientists have lost patience with their colleagues' and government's failure to adequately address environmental health issues and to safeguard research from corporate manipulation.

Focusing specifically on breast cancer, asthma, and Gulf War-related health conditions-"contested illnesses" that have generated intense debate in the medical and political communities-Phil Brown shows how these concerns have launched an environmental health movement that has revolutionized scientific thinking and policy. Before the last three decades of widespread activism regarding toxic exposures, people had little opportunity to get information. Few sympathetic professionals were available, the scientific knowledge base was weak, government agencies were largely unprepared, laypeople were not considered bearers of useful knowledge, and ordinary people lacked their own resources for discovery and action.

Brown argues that organized social movements are crucial in recognizing and acting to combat environmental diseases. His book draws on environmental and medical sociology, environmental justice, environmental health science, and social movement studies to show how citizen-science alliances have fought to overturn dominant epidemiological paradigms. His probing look at the ways scientific findings are made available to the public and the changing nature of policy offers a new perspective on health and the environment and the relationship among people, knowledge, power, and authority.

This textbook covers the entire spectrum of topics required to completely understand air pollution. It emphasizes the atmospheric processes governing air pollution (emissions, atmospheric dispersion, chemical transformations, deposition on surfaces and ecosystems). Other areas of focus include air pollutant emission control technologies, health and environmental impacts, regulations and public policies, and interactions between climate change and air pollution. Topics are first presented conceptually, and then in terms of their fundamental aspects. Actual case studies are incorporated throughout to illustrate major air pollution phenomena, such as the dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere, and the development of strategies to reduce urban air pollution, mitigate acid rain, and improve atmospheric visibility. Graduate students, researchers, and air quality professionals will find the full coverage of these important matters to be well suited to their needs.

Every person on our home planet is affected by a worldwide deluge of man-made chemicals and pollutants - most of which have never been tested for safety. Our chemical emissions are six times larger than our total greenhouse gas emissions. They are in our food, our water, the air we breathe, our homes and workplaces, the things we use each day. This universal poisoning affects our minds, our bodies, our genes, our grandkids, and all life on Earth. Julian Cribb describes the full scale of the chemical catastrophe we have unleashed. He proposes a new Human Right - not to be poisoned. He maps an empowering and hopeful way forward: to rid our planet of these toxins and return Earth to the clean, healthy condition which our forebears enjoyed, and our grandchildren should too.

This book serves as a comprehensive introductory guide to the practical aspects of risk assessment. Chapters include clearly defined objectives and summaries. The book includes: hazard identification, dose-response, exposure assessment, risk characterization, chemical mixtures, epidemiology, emerging issues and global perspectives with accessible language. The book concludes with a set of hypothetical case studies. Toxicological Risk Assessment for Beginners aims not to create an expert, but rather to provide readers with their first understanding of the risk assessment topic. This book was designed with the student in mind. We simplify a complex process for beginners and balance theory with practical aspects, but remain fluid enough to increase difficulty with case studies. By incorporating an action based, step by step approach to learning the risk assessment process, this book provides its readers with an elementary understanding of how the risk assessment process is initiated, developed and finished, making it a valuable guide for graduate students, post-doctoral fellows and early career scientists in industry.

This book's main objective is to decipher for the reader the main processes in the atmosphere and the quantification of air pollution effects on humans and the environment, through first principles of meteorology and modelling/measurement approaches. The understanding of the complex sequence of events, starting from the emission of air pollutants into the atmosphere to the human health effects as the final event, is necessary for the prognosis of potential risk to humans from specific chemical compounds and mixtures of them. It fills a gap in the literature by providing a solid grounding in the first principles of meteorology and air pollution, making it particularly useful for undergraduate students. Its broad scope makes it a valuable text in many related disciplines, containing a comprehensive and integrated methodology to study the first principles of air pollution, meteorology, indoor air pollution, and human exposure. Problem-solving exercises help to reinforce concepts.

Aquatic Chemistry Concepts, Second Edition, is a fully revised and updated textbook that fills the need for a comprehensive treatment of aquatic chemistry and covers the many complicated equations and principles of aquatic chemistry. It presents the established science of equilibrium water chemistry using the uniquely recognizable, step-by-step Pankow format, which allows a broad and deep understanding of aquatic chemistry. The text is appropriate for a wide audience, including undergraduate and graduate students, industry professionals, consultants, and regulators. Every professional using water chemistry will want this text within close reach, and students and professionals alike will expect to find at least one copy on their library shelves. Key Features Extremely thorough, one-of-a-kind treatment of aquatic chemistry which considers: a) chemical thermodynamics fundamentals; b) acid/base, titration, and buffer calculations; c) CO2 chemistry and alkalinity; d) complexation of metal ions by ligands and chelates; e) mineral solubility processes; f) redox chemistry, including the chemistry of chlorine (as in disinfection), oxygen, CO2 and methane, nitrogen, sulfur, iron, and lead, including the story of lead in the drinking water of Flint, Michigan; and g) electrical effects in aqueous solutions including the Debye-Huckel Law (and related equations for activity corrections), double layers, and colloid stability Discussions of how to carry out complex calculations regarding the chemistry of lakes, rivers, groundwater, and seawater Numerous example problems worked in complete detail Special foreword by Jerry L. Schnoor 'There's a lot to like about a book on water chemistry that lays it out simply. Einstein said that everything should be as simple as it can be, but not simpler. Wise advice. And that is what James F. Pankow has accomplished in the second edition of his textbook, Aquatic Chemistry Concepts. It covers the "waterfront" of essential inorganic chemistry topics, and it supplies enough examples to lead the student toward problem solving.' -From the Foreword, Jerry L. Schnoor

Fundamentals of Environmental and Toxicological Chemistry: Sustainable Science, Fourth Edition covers university-level environmental chemistry, with toxicological chemistry integrated throughout the book. This new edition of a bestseller provides an updated text with an increased emphasis on sustainability and green chemistry. It is organized based on the five spheres of Earth's environment: (1) the hydrosphere (water), (2) the atmosphere (air), (3) the geosphere (solid Earth), (4) the biosphere (life), and (5) the anthrosphere (the part of the environment made and used by humans). The first chapter defines environmental chemistry and each of the five environmental spheres. The second chapter presents the basics of toxicological chemistry and its relationship to environmental chemistry. Subsequent chapters are grouped by sphere, beginning with the hydrosphere and its environmental chemistry, water pollution, sustainability, and water as nature's most renewable resource. Chapters then describe the atmosphere, its structure and importance for protecting life on Earth, air pollutants, and the sustainability of atmospheric quality. The author explains the nature of the geosphere and discusses soil for growing food as well as geosphere sustainability. He also describes the biosphere and its sustainability. The final sphere described is the anthrosphere. The text explains human influence on the environment, including climate, pollution in and by the anthrosphere, and means of sustaining this sphere. It also discusses renewable, nonpolluting energy and introduces workplace monitoring. For readers needing additional basic chemistry background, the book includes two chapters on general chemistry and organic chemistry. This updated edition includes three new chapters, new examples and figures, and many new homework problems.

The role natural environments play in human health and wellbeing is attracting increasing attention. There is growing medical evidence that access to the natural environment can prevent disease, aid recovery, tackle obesity and improve mental health. This book examines the history of natural environments being used for stress-reduction, enjoyment, aesthetics and catharsis, and traces the development of the connection between humans and the environment, and how they impact our personal and collective health.

Documents both environmental and work-related causes of lung disease

Unlike other books on the subject, this new volume approaches occupational and environmental lung disease from the starting point of the patient who comes to the physician with respiratory symptoms. The authors recognize that potentially harmful exposures occur not only in the work environment, but also as a result of hobbies or other leisure activities, or from outdoor air pollution, and it is up the physician to identify whether a particular job or hobby is the cause of the patient's respiratory symptoms.
To help you arrive at a differential diagnosis, chapters in the book are arranged by job or exposure, and are divided into 5 sections: Personal environmentHome environmentOther indoor environmentsWork environmentGeneral environment

Each is written by an expert in the specific topic and provides pragmatic information for the practicing physician. This practical book is an invaluable resource that belongs close at hand for all physicians dealing with patients experiencing respiratory symptoms.

Das Leben in der Stadt kann zu physischen und psychischen Erkrankungen fuhren. Dabei spielen Umweltfaktoren, wie z.B. Extremwetterereignisse, Luftverunreinigung, Larmbelastung oder veranderte Stadtklimatologie durch Versiegelung eine entscheidende Rolle.Ein grunes Stadtbild kann durch die Schaffung gesundheits- und bewegungsfoerdernder Strukturen die Gesundheit und das Wohlbefinden der Burger positiv beeinflussen und damit Krankheiten, die durch das Stadtleben begunstigt werden, abmildern.

This book addresses the consequences of high agricultural pesticide use over the last few decades in the form of organophosphate poisoning. The authors provide a background overview of organophosphate compounds, their environmental toxicity, non-target exposures and cases of human poisoning. The authors also compile and analyze data from the last two decades to demonstrate the toxicological aspects of organophosphates, and how they can pose a threat to human health. Readers will learn about the clinical manifestation of organophosphate exposure in humans, as well as the enzymatic pathways and mechanisms by which organophosphates are processed in the body and cause harm. The book concludes by providing techniques, practices and recommendations for how to manage organophosphate exposure and poisoning. It will be useful for clinicians and public health professionals, scientists, medical practitioners, researchers and environmental toxicologists.

The Guts of the Matter is a study of our oldest ecological problem: the transmission of infectious intestinal disease from human waste. Spanning the early hominin era to the present, this book explores the evolution of human waste disposal practices, the use of faeces and urine as fertilizer, and the changing patterns of transmission of intestinal pathogens and parasites. Chapters trace the spread of viral, bacterial, and helminthic infections through the early processes of globalization and track the uneven successes of the sanitation revolution in recent centuries. The book also provides an overview of the cultural practices that influence the transmission of infectious intestinal disease and the impacts of biomedical advances such as oral rehydration therapy and vaccination. Webb's impressive breadth and meticulous research is invaluable for students of public health, environmental history, global history, and medicine.

Ausgehend von einer interdisziplin{r und international abgestimmten neuartigen Begriffsbestimmung der Antiseptik aus klinischer Sicht werden dieIndikationen f}r die Antiseptik in den verschiedenen Disziplinen erstmalig in monographischer Form mit Empfehlungen zur Wirkstoffauswahl behandelt.Die hygienisch und klinisch begr}ndeten Anwendungsempfehlungen zur prophylaktischen und therapeutischen Antiseptik bestimmen den Nutzen f}r den Leser ebenso wie die Darstellung der wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen f}r die klinische Antiseptik. Der didaktische Ansatz ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, da~ die k}nftigen Arbeitsschwerpunkte f}r die verschiedenen klinischen Disziplinen sowie f}r die Fachgebiete der theoretischen Medizin, insbesondere der Hygiene, der medizinischen Mikrobiologie und der klinischen Pharmakologie sowie f}r mit der Entwicklung und Pr}fung von Pharmaka besch{ftigten Institutionenbzw. der Industrie herausgestellt werden.

Die umfassende Praxis-Anleitung fur den Umweltschutz in stationaren Einrichtungen wie Krankenhausern oder Altenheimen. Das Handbuch bietet Fuhrungskraften und Umweltbeauftragten praktische Hilfestellung bei der rechtssicheren und okonomischen Umsetzung von Umweltschutz-Massnahmen. Praxis-Beispiele, Anleitungen und Checklisten sorgen fur den schnellen Uberblick und erleichtern die tagliche Arbeit. Concise text: Umfassender Leitfaden fur die rechtssichere und okonomische Umsetzung von Umweltschutz-Massnahmen in stationaren Einrichtungen. Mit Praxis-Beispielen, Anleitungen und Checklisten.

Ein klar strukturierter Uberblick zur schnellen Information: - Tabellarische Zusammenstellung von Werkstoffen und Bauteilen
- Ubersichtliche Datenblatter zu den wichtigsten Problemstoffen, Entsorgung, Verwertung und Auswirkungen auf Mensch und Umwelt.
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This is the most practical, concise guide to medical practice in extreme and remote environments. With an increase in visits to remote and dangerous locations around the world, the number of serious and fatal injuries and illnesses associated with these expeditions has markedly increased. Medical personnel working in or near such locations are not always explicitly trained in the management of unique environmental injuries, including high-altitude sickness, the bends, lightning strikes, frostbite, acute dehydration, venomous stings and bites, and tropical diseases.
Many health care professionals seek training in the specialty of wilderness medicine to cope with the health risks faced when far removed from professional care resources, and the American College of Emergency Medicine has recently mandated that a minimum level of proficiency needs to be exhibited by all ER physicians in this discipline. This book covers everything a prospective field physician or medical consultant needs to prepare for when beginning an expedition and explains how to treat a variety of conditions in a concise, clinically oriented format.

The advent of global environmental change, with all its uncertainties and requirement for long-term prediction, brings new challenges and tasks for scientists, the public and policy makers. A major environmental upheaval such as climate change is likely to have significant health effects. Current mainstream epidemiological research methods do not always adequately address the health impacts that arise within a context in which the ecological and other biophysical processes display non-linear and feedback-dependent relationships. The agenda of research and policy advice must be extended to include the larger-framed environmental change issues. This book identifies the nature and scope of the problem, and explores the conceptual and methodological approaches to studying these relationships, modelling their future realisation, providing estimates of health impacts, and communicating the attendant uncertainties. This timely volume will be of great interest to health scientists and graduate students with an interest in the effects of global environmental change.

Der Ladenburger Diskurs dient dem wissenschaftlichen Gesprach tiber ein Thema aus dem Gebiet "Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Mensch, Umwelt und Technik". Fachtibergreifende Fragestellungen sollen aus der Sicht verschiedener Disziplinen beleuchtet werden. Ziel eines Diskurses ist, den Status der wissenschaftlichen Kenntnis- se zum Thema aufzuzeigen und zu dokumentieren. Ftir die Veran- staltungsreihe als Ganzes ist Professor MittelstraS, Konstanz, verant- wortlich. Die Diskursergebnisse werden in der Reihe "Ladenburger Diskurs" verOffentlicht. Wiihrend in dem Ladenburger Diskurs "Umweltstaat" (Berlin 1989, Hrsg. M. Kloepfer) staatsphilosophische und -juristische Fragen im Vordergrund standen, werden hier wirtschaftliche Aspekte disku- tiert. Dabei geht es sowohl urn betriebswirtschaftliche Analysen und untemehmenspolitische Fragestellungen als auch urn volkswirt- schaftliche Untersuchungen und wirtschaftspo1itische Probleme. In drei Sitzungen, am 19.120. Oktober 1990, am 1.12. Februar 1991 und am 24.125. August 1991 wurde das Thema "Mehr Okologie durch Okonornie" im Rahmen des Ladenburger Diskurses ausfiihr- lich diskutiert. Die Vortrage und aus der Diskussion entstandene Untersuchungen sind in der vorliegenden Schrift zusammengestellt. 1m Anhang wird die Studie dokumentiert, die yom Institut fUr Oko- logie und Untemehmensfiihrung an der European Business School zur 6konomischen Operationalisierung der verschiedenen Konzep- tionen von "sustainable development" verfaBt wurde und die die Verbindungslinien der bisherigen (Ressourcen)-Okonornie zu dem neuen Paradigma der nachhaltigen Entwicklung aufzeigt. Die einzel- nen Beitrage sind urn ein Bibliographie zur Umwelt6konornie er- ganzt worden.