"A brilliantly conceived and lucidly written exposition of the most important topic on the frontier of modern finance. This book takes the mystery out of derivatives. Bravo "--John H. Langbein, Professor, Yale Law School

"Derivatives for Decision Makers is a first in explaining derivatives to those who need to understand them. It explains what derivatives are, how they can be used as risk management tools, and what managers and decision makers need to know about the subject. Not only is the technical substance superb, but the form is accessible to all decision makers."--Afsaneh Mashayekhi Beschloss, Director, The World Bank Group

"Derivatives for Decision Makers is an excellent resource for both users and providers of derivative products, regardless of the reader's level of sophistication. The recent highly publicized derivatives problems are objectively reviewed by the authors who contribute important and sensible recommendations to avoid similar situations in the future."--Dipak K. Rastogi, Executive Vice President and former Head of Global Derivatives, Citibank, N. A.

"Derivatives can play a critical role in achieving corporate financing and investment strategies. Whether you are a novice or a seasoned practitioner, Crawford and Sen present a superb roadmap with well-chosen, real-world illustrations. Their vivid insights make this book a 'must-read' for corporate and pension fund managers."--Sandra S. Wijnberg, Vice President & Assistant Treasurer, PepsiCo, Inc.

"Crawford and Sen have done a fine job of making derivatives comprehensible for managers who need to understand the basic features and uses of these instruments. This coverage, together with the book's unique emphasis on senior management's fiduciary obligations to the firm's shareholders, sets this book apart from other attempts to make derivatives accessible to senior management. This book is an important read."--John F. Marshall, Executive Director, International Association of Financial Engineers and Professor of Financial Engineering, Polytechnic University

Derivatives are the power tools that enable users to analyze components of risk and return inherent in an investment or a business. The popularity of derivative use in the marketplace has surged in recent years, spurring financial innovation and better risk management. Yet this popular instrument is double-edged: derivatives are as risky as they are beneficial. In light of recent, highly publicized disasters--the Orange County bankruptcy and the Barings fiasco--it is imperative that business and finance professionals have a current and basic knowledge of this complicated and venturesome field.

If you are a shareholder, director, or other decision maker in a company utilizing derivatives, it is important that you know how to maximize the benefits of derivatives and minimize the damage that they can cause. Now, two leading financial experts provide the solid principles you need to understand and properly use derivative products and structured financing. Starting upwards from the ground floor, this straightforward, no-nonsense resource is replete with tables, graphs, and common examples and common sense, offering invaluable information on: The three major types of derivatives-options, futures, and swaps Leverage--what it is, why it is so important, how it is used to increase returns, and how it multiplies risk Hedging a stock portfolio and hedging industry risk with synthetic futures Business risks--core and secondary risks; which business risks to hedge with derivatives Investment strategies using derivatives Derivative risks--market, credit, legal, and systemic Fiduciary duties--the duties of loyalty and care, exceptions, the prudent investor rule, business judgment, rule and disclosure requirements Delegating management functions--selecting, instructing, and monitoring experts

Whether you're a manager, director, attorney, accountant, corporate executive, or corporate shareholder, this comprehensive book will prove to be an invaluable guide on utilizing and handling derivatives wisely, resourcefully, and successfully.

This volume, inspired by and dedicated to the work of pioneering investment analyst, Jack Treynor, addresses the issues of portfolio risk and return and how investment portfolios are measured. In a career spanning over fifty years, the primary questions addressed by Jack Treynor were: Is there an observable risk-return trade-off? How can stock selection models be integrated with risk models to enhance client returns? Do managed portfolios earn positive, and statistically significant, excess returns and can mutual fund managers time the market? Since the publication of a pair of seminal Harvard Business Review articles in the mid-1960's, Jack Treynor has developed thinking that has greatly influenced security selection, portfolio construction and measurement, and market efficiency. Key publications addressed such topics as the Capital Asset Pricing Model and stock selection modeling and integration with risk models. Treynor also served as editor of the Financial Analysts Journal, through which he wrote many columns across a wide spectrum of topics. This volume showcases original essays by leading researchers and practitioners exploring the topics that have interested Treynor while applying the most current methodologies. Such topics include the origins of portfolio theory, market timing, and portfolio construction in equity markets. The result not only reinforces Treynor's lasting contributions to the field but suggests new areas for research and analysis.

Welcome to the secretive club of modern hedge funds, where important players in the world of investing and capital markets have invested close to $4 trillion globally.If you're intrigued by the inner workings of hedge funds, investment techniques and technologies they use to source investment alpha, this book is for you. Focusing on the author's three decades of trading experience at leading banks and hedge funds, it covers both discretionary and computer-driven strategies and perspectives on AI-based and quantamental investing using new alternative data, which includes numerous examples and insights of real trades and investment strategies. No mathematical knowledge is required, with the relevant algorithms detailed in the appendices.Discretionary investing details equity and credit investing across the corporate capital structure. Through trading equities, bonds and loans, event-driven trades can target profitable special situations and relative value opportunities. Systematic trading involves computer-driven strategies derived from a scientific and statistical analysis of liquid markets. The investment strategies of both commodity trading advisors (CTAs) and long/short equity funds are detailed, from trend-following to factor-based approaches. AI investing is fashionable but does the reality for hedge funds correspond to the AI hype present in other non-financial domains? AI using neural nets and other machine learning techniques are outlined along with their practical application in regards to investing.Quantitative Hedge Funds also discusses environmental, social and governance (ESG) investing, which has rapidly evolved as the public and institutions demand solutions to global problems such as climate change, pollution and unethical labour practices. ESG investment strategies are migrating out of the long-only space and into hedge funds.Finally, the advent of big data has led to multiple alternative datasets available for hedge fund managers. The integration of alternative data into the investment process is discussed, together with the rise of so-called quantamental investing, a hybrid of the best of human skill and computer-based technologies.

The collapse of Lehman Brothers, the oldest and fourth-largest US investment bank, in September 2008 precipitated the global financial crisis. This deepened the contraction in economic activity that had already started in December 2007 and has become known as the Great Recession. Following a sluggish and uneven period of recovery, levels of private debt have recently been on the rise again making another financial crisis almost inevitable. This book answers the key question: can anything be done to prevent a new financial crisis or minimize its impact? The book opens with an analysis of the main elements responsible for the 2007/2009 financial crisis and assesses the extent to which they are still present in todays financial system. The responses to the financial crises - particularly the Dodd-Frank Act, the establishment of the Financial Stability Board, and attempts to regulate shadow banking - are evaluated for their effectiveness. It is found that there is a high risk of a new bubble developing, there remains a lack of transparency in the financial industry, and risk-taking continues to be incentivised among bankers and investors. Proposals are put forward to ameliorate the risks, arguing for the need for an international lender of last resort, recalling Keynes' idea for an International Clearing Union. This book will be of significant interest to scholars and students of financial crises, financial stability, and alternative approaches to finance and economics.

With the internationalization of Renminbi (RMB), the gradual liberalization of China's capital account and the recent reform of the RMB pricing mechanism, the RMB exchange rate has been volatile. This book examines how we can forecast exchange rate reliably. It explains how we can do so through a new methodology for exchange rate forecasting. The book also analyzes the dynamic relationship between exchange rate and the exchange rate data decomposition and integration, the domestic economic situation, the international economic situation and the public's expectations and how these interactions would affect the exchange rate. The book also explains why this comprehensive integrated approach is the best model for optimizing accuracy in exchange rate forecasting.

Centering on the investment and financing infrastructure of China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), this book puts forth the basic principles and general objectives of constructing a new investment and financing system of this magnitude. Beginning with a succinct analysis of the practical issues faced while developing the BRI's investment and financing system, the author puts forward several approaches to optimizing and reestablishing the system for the further advancement of investment and financing among and beyond the Belt and Road countries. Topics include credit rules, management and control systems, investment protection, dispute settlement and risk assessment while establishing a new mechanism that helps resolve debt defaults, checks for potential corruption and bribery, fosters new growth, and enhances information transparency. The book will be a practical reference for researchers interested in the Belt and Road Initiative and world investment and finance, as well as policymakers, financial institutions and enterprises relevant to the BRI.

This book analyses the most recent trends in Foreign Direct Investment from the major Asian economies to the EU, focusing on China and Japan's FDIs in the EU, and Poland in particular. The authors assert that, from a European perspective, there is a strong need for further Asian FDIs into EU nations, which will establish mutual benefits. This is the first book to explore the outflow of FDI from Asian nations to other countries, especially to EU member states, whereas the extant literature focuses on the inflow of FDI to Asian nations. The authors analyse a multidimensional range of issues, covering macroeconomics, finance, technology, and examine the governments, local authorities, and institutions that support such investments. FDI has an instrumental role in the development of host countries. Large-scale capital flow becomes a vehicle for providing foreign technology, knowledge, skills, and other inputs for the integration with international marketing, production, and distribution networks and for improving the economic competitiveness of firms and economic performance of the host country. The analysis in the book is presented using statistical and econometrical approaches, emphasising a profound level of investigation, which will be particularly useful for graduate and PhD students of International Economics, Business and Trade.

This book contains contributions by the best-known and consequential researchers who, over several decades, shaped the field of financial engineering. It presents a comprehensive and unique perspective on the historical development and the current state of derivatives research. The book covers classical and modern approaches to option pricing, realized and implied volatilities, classical and rough stochastic processes, and contingent claims analysis in corporate finance. The book is invaluable for students, academic researchers, and practitioners working with financial derivatives, market regulation, trading, risk management, and corporate decision-making.

In recent times, venture capital and private equity funds have become household names, but so far little has been written for the investors in such funds - the so-called 'limited partners'. There is far more to the management of a portfolio of venture capital and private equity funds than usually perceived. "Beyond the J Curve" provides an innovative toolset for such limited partners to design and manage portfolios tailored to the dynamics of this market place, going far beyond the typical and often-simplistic recipe to 'go for top quartile funds'.

"Beyond the J Curve" provides the answers to key questions, including: Why should 'top-quartile' promises be taken with a huge pinch of salt and what does it takes to select superior fund managers? What do limited partners need to consider when designing and managing portfolios? How can one determine the funds' economic value to help address the questions of 'fair value' under IAS 39 and 'risk' under Basel II or Solvency II? Why is monitoring important and how does a limited partner manage their portfolio? How can the portfolio's returns be improved through proper liquidity management and what should be considered when over-committing? Why is uncertainty rather than risk an issue and how can a limited partner address and benefit from the fast changing private equity environment?

"Beyond the J Curve" takes the practitioner's view and offers private equity and venture capital professionals a comprehensive guide, making high return targets more realistic and sustainable. This book is a 'must have' for all parties involved in this market, as well as academic and students.

""This is the first work that I have seen that comprehensivelycovers the important subject of valuing, evaluating and measuring the performance of private equity funds. Much has been published in journals and papers on individual aspects of this controversial subject by various segments of the stakeholder universe - usually putting forward partisan viewpoints. This is the first time that a holistic, integrated and disciplined framework has been adopted. The approach taken has yielded a rich crop of useful results including an innovative methodology for determining fair value for private equity funds during the course of their long lives; portfolio design and benchmarking methods; a prototype grading and fund scoring system. Essential reading for investors and a useful state-of-the-art reference manual for private equity managers."" Christopher K. B. Brotchie, Formerly Chief Executive of the Baring Private Equity Group and Member of the ING Management Council

""The transactions, size and stories of private equity and venture capital investment activity are the focus of many news publications today. It is not quite the same situation in the area of academic and technical publications, where much remains to be researched and published. The authors of Beyond the J-Curve have taken on the ambitious project of analysing the difficult and controversial area of valuing fund portfolios. Their innovative and integrated approach aims at opening up the framework within which these valuations are practised by investors, and offers alternatives. This is a welcome angle to the current debate among investors, private equity and venture capital practitioners. The subject is likely to spur substantial discussions and additional technical publications. Beyondthe J-Curve is certainly a thorough and pioneering contribution to that debate."" Javier Echarri, Secretary General, European Private Equity & Venture Capital Association

""Beyond the J Curve is a timely guide for investors in private equity, with an elegant balance of analysis and practical suggestions. Its emphasis on monitoring and active portfolio management should promote more effective stewardship of private equity assets in the future."" Brenlen Jinkens, Director, Cogent Partners Europe

""Congratulations to both Thomas Meyer and Pierre-Yves Mathonet for their publication Beyond the J curve. They should be highly commended for breaking a long-standing taboo - investing in private equity can now be modelled. Beyond the J curve not only reveals a theoretical approach to Fair Value for private equity funds but also proposes a complete approach for investors to build up, in possession of the facts, a comprehensive and effective programme for private equity investments. I am personally convinced that our industry should become more involved into this type of approach in order to best explain the interest of investing in private equity."" Pierre Herve, General Secretary of Natexis private Equity, Chairman of AFIC's Basel II and IFRS working groups, and Member of EFRAG's Venture Capital working group

The aim and object of every trader who enters Wall Street is to make money, yet it is a well-known fact that a large percentage of traders lose money. There are many reasons for their losses. One of the most important is that they do not know how to select the right stocks to buy and sell at the right time. I expect to give rules provable and practical which will help traders to study and learn how to select the proper stocks to buy and sell with a minimum of risk.

The main object of this book is to bring TRUTH OF THE STOCK TAPE up to date and give the investor and trader the benefit of seven more years of my experience, which has been valuable to me, and if the reader will profit by my experience, it will prove valuable to him.

In this life we must have some definite aim or hope to attain happiness. Money will not bring all of it. Neither can we always help others with money. The best way that I know of to help others is to show them how to help themselves. Therefore, knowledge and understanding properly imparted to others is the greatest good that we can do for them and at the same time do good for ourselves. Thousands of people have written me that I have helped them through TRUTH OF THE STOCK TAPE. I believe the WALL STREET STOCK SELECTOR will give you more knowledge, will bring you more happiness through money gained, than any other book. If it does, I will be well repaid for my labor.

- W. D. GANN

From local coffee shops to the largest Fortune 500 companies, everyone is struggling to make the impossible choice between chasing short-term objectives and creating a secure future for their company. David Cote understood this dilemma and rejected it. In these pages, he shows you how taking the same revolutionary approach might be the smartest business decision you'll ever make. This book reveals the bold the operational reforms and counterintuitive leadership practices you can put into practice that will allow you to do two conflicting things at the same time-pursue strong short- and long-term results. This tested and proven approach can strengthen your business like never before, and even rescue it from the brink of disaster no matter how dire the current circumstances may seem. In Winning Now, Winning Later, Cote shares 10 essential principles for winning today and tomorrow such as: Spot practices that seem attractive in the short term but will cost the company in the future Determine where and how to invest in growth for maximum impact Sustain both short-term performance and long-term investments even in challenging times, such as during recessions and leadership transitions Feel inspired to stand up to investors and other managers who are solely focused on either short- or long-term objectives Step back, think independently, and foster independent thinking among others around you Presenting a comprehensive solution to a perennial problem, Winning Now, Winning Later is a go-to guide for you and leaders everywhere to finally transcend short-termism's daily grind and leave an enduring legacy of success.

There has been an explosive growth in the number of corporates, investors and financial institutions turning to structured products to achieve cost savings, risk controls and yield enhancements. However, the exact nature, risks and applications of these products and solutions can be complex, and problems arise if the fundamental building blocks and principles are not fully understood. This book explains the most popular products and strategies with a focus on everything beyond vanilla options, dealing with these products in a literate yet accessible manner, giving practical applications and case studies.

A special emphasis on how the client uses the products, with interviews and descriptions of real-life deals means that it will be possible to see how the products are applied in day-to-day situations - the theory is translated into practice.

Note: CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are not included as part of eBook file.

This book analyzes China's new foreign investment law which came into force in January 2020. The new law implemented sweeping changes and overhauled China's foreign investment law regime of the last four decades. The foreign investment law aims to make the business environment more investor-friendly and address some of the contentious issues between US and China in the ongoing trade war. The book explains how the law enhances regulatory transparency. It also outlines the new approval process, that is the pre-establishment negative list system which has replaced the former approval system for foreign investment projects. The book also analyzes China's series of anti-sanction laws. This book will help give readers a better understanding of major changes and benefits under the new law and will be the first of its kind looking at the implications of this important law.

This book analyzes China's new foreign investment law which came into force in January 2020. The new law implemented sweeping changes and overhauled China's foreign investment law regime of the last four decades. The foreign investment law aims to make the business environment more investor-friendly and address some of the contentious issues between US and China in the ongoing trade war. The book explains how the law enhances regulatory transparency. It also outlines the new approval process, that is the pre-establishment negative list system which has replaced the former approval system for foreign investment projects. The book also analyzes China's series of anti-sanction laws. This book will help give readers a better understanding of major changes and benefits under the new law and will be the first of its kind looking at the implications of this important law.

The first stock exchange in Warsaw - capital city of the Kingdom of Poland- was established in 1817. Over the past 205 years, the fortunes of the capital market have been closely linked to the "bumpy road" of Polish history. The establishment of the GPW Warsaw Stock Exchange in 1991 was a landmark for transformation from a centrally planned communist economy to a market-driven capitalist one. Since the doors of the exchange reopened, Polish GDP per capita (current USD) increased eight times, translating into an average yearly growth rate of over 7%. The capital market has played a pivotal role in the economic success of Poland over the last three decades. It is not easy to precisely quantify the impact, as it was rather a spill-over effect. Economic growth has fostered the development of a capital market, and more efficient conversion of savings to investments via the capital market. The excellence of capital market institutions can be gauged with reference to various parameters. A synthetic measure is so-called market status. According to FTSE Russell (global index provider), Polish capital attained developed market status in 2018, being the first and only post-communist state to do so. It is fair to say that transformation has been completed and developed market status indicates clearly that the institutions and regulations are world class. The current challenge is competing with other developed markets for the best issuers and offering the most demanding investors an excellent trading experience. This book offers scientific insight into the Polish capital market story. Authored by a group of renowned scholars, with contributions aspiring to the highest academic standards for theoretical considerations and empirical research. The book covers various topics, including links between monetary policy and capital markets, micro and macro market structures, and investors and issuers' behaviour and strategies. All chapters are rooted in contemporary finance theory, supported by various econometric models based on the most recently available data. The book aims to provide academics and practitioners insight into the Polish capital market, appealing especially to those interested in gaining a deeper understanding of emerging markets' successful transformation into developed ones. It can also be used as supplementary reading for doctoral and master's students in finance, particularly relating to capital markets and economics - predominantly development economics and economic policy.

Arnaboldi highlights the importance of one of the three pillars of the Banking Union, the common mechanism for insuring deposits. She claims that integrated financial markets require a European solution with regard to deposit insurance and that the establishment of a pan-European scheme could address the problems for large cross-border banks.

'This story literally has what it takes: the anecdotes, the insights and, most of all, the values to guide the next generation of entrepreneurs.' Mark Carney 'The real story of what it takes from a man who could turn dreams into realities.' Ray Dalio 'Candid, funny and real, Steve offers wisdom and the gift of much-needed common sense chapter by chapter and experience by experience. A great read!' John Kerry From Blackstone chairman, CEO and co-founder Stephen A. Schwarzman, a long-awaited book that uses impactful episodes from Schwarzman's life to show readers how to build, transform and lead thriving organisations. Whether you are a student, entrepreneur, philanthropist, executive or simply someone looking for ways to maximise your potential, the same lessons apply. People know who Stephen Schwarzman is - at least they think they do. He's the man who took $400,000 and co-founded Blackstone, the investment firm that manages over $500 billion (as of January 2019). He's the CEO whose views are sought by heads of state. But behind these achievements is a man who has spent his life learning and reflecting on what it takes to achieve excellence, make an impact, and live a life of consequence. Folding handkerchiefs in his father's linen shop, Schwarzman dreamed of a larger life, filled with purpose and adventure. After starting his career in finance with a short stint at a financial firm called DLJ, Schwarzman began working at Lehman Brothers where he ascended to run the mergers and acquisitions practice. He eventually partnered with his mentor and friend Pete Peterson to found Blackstone, vowing to create a new and different kind of financial institution. Building Blackstone into the leading global financial institution it is today didn't come easy. Schwarzman's simple mantra 'don't lose money' has helped Blackstone become a leading private equity and real estate investor, and manager of alternative assets for institutional investors globally. From deal-making to investing, leadership to entrepreneurship, philanthropy to diplomacy, Schwarzman has lessons for how to think about ambition and scale, risk and opportunities, and how to achieve success through the relentless pursuit of excellence. Schwarzman not only offers readers a thoughtful reflection on all his own experiences, but in doing so provides a practical blueprint for success.

In the two years since the publication of The Handbook of Risk Management and Analysis interest and the practice of management, modelling and control of financial risks has grown enormously. The author/editor has produced two stand-alone or companion volumes. Only one third of the original material remains. Measuring and Modelling Financial Risk has been structured in four parts: the first three chapters survey standard approaches to measuring and modelling financial risk from the risk manager perspective, Chapters 4 and 5 are aimed primarily at quantitative risk analysts whose job it is to put the systems in place. Chapters 6 and 7 discuss important issues in IT and systems design, and the last two chapters cover pricing and risk management of credit-risky products. Leading figures in the field contribute: Michel Crouhy, Dan Galai and Robert Mark, Stan Beckers, Thomas Wilson, Mark Broadie and Paul Glasserman, Nigel Webb, Ron Dembo, Robert Jarrow and Stuart Turnbull, and Lee Wakeman.

"Risk management is becoming an increasingly important activity for financial institutions, fund managers, and corporate treasurers. It used to be the case that the brightest ‘quants’ were used to design and value ever-more-exotic derivatives. Now increasingly they are finding that their talents can best be put to work in risk management. In this volume Carol Alexander has gathered together nine articles concerned with different aspects of risk management and analysis. The topics covered include the regulatory framework, volatility and correlation models, value at risk, and credit risk. The book will provide a valuable source of reference material for both market participants and students." John Hull, August 1998

"Building wealth is about managing our careers and the money we make. It all starts with the understanding that we build wealth primarily for two reasons: 1) to build prosperity and 2) to afford a comfortable retirement. Saving and investing to build prosperity is what we do to improve the quality and independence in our lives. Each of us measures quality and independence in our own terms-to some it means being able to afford big-ticket expenses, such as a dream home or supporting a favorite charity. To others it might mean making money work for us so that we don't have to work for it."

We save and invest for retirement because, at some point in the future, we will choose to stop working and will need to replace the salary we currently earn. Saving and investing to afford a comfortable retirement is an obligation we have to ourselves. It is important to realize that we have no choice but to get on track saving and investing for retirement. We will be depending on it for survival in the later years of our life-considering how much longer people live with every passing decade, saving and investing is becoming increasingly more important.

Investment and risk management problems are fundamental problems for financial institutions and involve both speculative and hedging decisions. A structured approach to these problems naturally leads one to the field of applied mathematics in order to translate subjective probability beliefs and attitudes towards risk and reward into actual decisions.

In Risk and Portfolio Analysis the authors present sound principles and useful methods for making investment and risk management decisions in the presence of hedgeable and non-hedgeable risks using the simplest possible principles, methods, and models that still capture the essential features of the real-world problems. They use rigorous, yet elementary mathematics, avoiding technically advanced approaches which have no clear methodological purpose and are practically irrelevant. The material progresses systematically and topics such as the pricing and hedging of derivative contracts, investment and hedging principles from portfolio theory, and risk measurement and multivariate models from risk management are covered appropriately. The theory is combined with numerous real-world examples that illustrate how the principles, methods, and models can be combined to approach concrete problems and to draw useful conclusions. Exercises are included at the end of the chapters to help reinforce the text and provide insight.

This book will serve advanced undergraduate and graduate students, and practitioners in insurance, finance as well as regulators. Prerequisites include undergraduate level courses in linear algebra, analysis, statistics and probability.

"

While statistical arbitrage has faced some tough times?as markets experienced dramatic changes in dynamics beginning in 2000?new developments in algorithmic trading have allowed it to rise from the ashes of that fire. Based on the results of author Andrew Pole's own research and experience running a statistical arbitrage hedge fund for eight years?in partnership with a group whose own history stretches back to the dawn of what was first called pairs trading?this unique guide provides detailed insights into the nuances of a proven investment strategy. Filled with in-depth insights and expert advice, "Statistical Arbitrage" contains comprehensive analysis that will appeal to both investors looking for an overview of this discipline, as well as quants looking for critical insights into modeling, risk management, and implementation of the strategy.

This book is the first to combine the views of scholars with those of practitioners (mostly CEOs and C-level executives) on the topic of sustainability, technology and finance. Includes the top thought leaders from the worlds of practice and research. Readers will gain insights into how technology and digitalization can fundamentally reshape the way ESG is practiced.

This book is the first to combine the views of scholars with those of practitioners (mostly CEOs and C-level executives) on the topic of sustainability, technology and finance. Includes the top thought leaders from the worlds of practice and research. Readers will gain insights into how technology and digitalization can fundamentally reshape the way ESG is practiced.

This textbook introduces readers to the most relevant aspects of Investment Evaluation in the context of enterprise evaluation. It utilises a clear didactic concept and concisely presents representative cases, supported by calculations and their step-by-step, Excel-based solutions. In addition, the book analyses the respective benefits of the calculation models discussed from a management standpoint.

Unlike most books on derivative products, Options Explained 2 is a practical guide, covering theoretical concepts only where they are essential to applying options on a wide variety of assets. Written with the emphasis on a practical, straightforward approach, Options Explained succeeds in demystifying what has traditionally been treated as a highly complex product. The 2nd edition also includes over 100 pages of new material, with sections on exotic options, worldwide accounting practices and issues in volatility estimation.