This is a new paperback edition of the well received text Spatial Epidemiology: methods and applications. It is an easy to read, clear and concise exploration of the field of geographical variations in disease. Especially with respect to variations in environmental exposures at the small-area scale this book gives an authoritative account of current practice and developments. The recent and rapid expansion of the field looks set to continue in line with growing public, governmental and media concern about environmental and health issues, and the scientific need to understand and explain the effects of environmental pollutants on health.

Of interest to epidemiologists, public health practitioners, statisticians, geographers, environmental scientists and others concerned with understanding the geographical distribution of disease and the effects of environmental exposures on human health. It will be a valuable source for undergraduate and postgraduate courses in epidemiology, medical geography, biostatistics, environmental health and environmental science as well as a useful source of reference for health policy makers, health economists, regulators and others in the field of environmental health.

This book is an excellent review of health promotion in the context of the pharmacy practice. Since the publication of the first edition, major changes have taken place in the involvement of pharmacists in health promotion. Health promotion is now a core role for community (retail) pharmacist and health promotion is now taught as a core-subject in all schools of pharmacy. The misuse of drugs is now a greater problem than ever before and pharmacists need updating in this area. Pharmacists have the monopoly on sales of nicotine replacement therapy and are now the key group involved in opportunistic advice to those who want to stop smoking. The book aims to inform pharmacists about all major health issues such as the effects of smoking; nutrition; exercise; oral health; family planning; woman's' health; child health; travel health; alcohol and mental health. The authors show pharmacists what they can achieve in health promotion stressing the social and behavioural aspects. There are key chapters on the major health challenges facing the 21 Century, the social inequalities of health and health care, problems in achieving behavioural change, and the importance of good communication especially about risks.

Cardiovascular disease remains the greatest cause of morbidity and mortality. Over the past 10-15 years many studies have clarified the risks that are important, and the interventions which are effective. This book breaks new ground in both providing clear recommendations on what should be done, and the evidence on which these recommendations are based. It accords with current views that guidelines should be based on evidence, and that the evidence should be clear. The book is split into three sections: the first reviews the risk factors for cardiovascular disease and the clinical effectiveness of reducing them; the second examines methods of implementation in practice; and the final section makes practical recommendations, explicitly based on the evidence in the fist two sections.

Since its first publication in 1992, this book has become a curious classic, taking a simple (yet often incorrectly performed) activity and depicting it with a graphic, manga-style edge. In twelve drawings a young Japanese man is shown preparing, rinsing, soaking, communing, relaxing, contemplating-all an encouragement to readers to slow down, ease into the hot water, and enjoy this timeless ritual of purity and release.

Throughout the world, injuries are the leading cause of death during more than half of the average life span. This book documents the nature and magnitude of the problem and provides basic approaches to injury prevention. Injury statistics are given for many developing countries and indigenous populations as well as industrialized nations. Important differences among countries and cultures in types and circumstances of injury are illustrated in a tables and figures that enhance the book's usefulness. The many types of injuries covered in detail include those related to traffic, occupation, disasters, drowning, falls, burns, suicide, and homicide. The cost and health impacts of injury are discussed as well as the role of health services. The authors describe surveillance methods and effective preventive measures that are applicable even in countries with limited resources. This book has been written for public health practitioners and researchers as well as policy makers. Reflecting the author's many years of injury prevention experience in a variety of countries, the book will help readers understand this major health problem, the changes that could reduce it, and the means of influencing crucial public policies.

Chronic diseases and premature death can often be linked to social, environmental, and behavioral factors that are subject to modification, especially during adolescence when many habits--both good and bad--are formed. In order to effectively encourage good health-related behaviors among adolescents, health providers need an integrated understanding of the many factors involved. This volume fills that need by providing the most comprehensive, up-to-date review of the pertinent issues, including in-depth discussions on adolescent sexuality, substance abuse, the future of adolescent health promotion, and the relationship between socioeconomic status and health-related behaviors. The outstanding group of contributors represents a wide variety of disciplines and offers proven techniques and approaches that can help future adults enjoy longer, safer, more productive lives. With an emphasis on practical solutions, Promoting the Health of Adolescents will be of value to health and social scientists, health care providers, educators, and administrators who plan and implement programs for adolescent health.

This book describes the issues of human health and healthcare from the point of view of hygiene monitoring and maintenance. Also, the perspectives on the effects of microbial cell structures, metabolism, communities and interactions on health and hygiene are included. Besides microbiological screening of patients, surfaces, air space etc. this book introduces some key bacteriological, virological and fungal risks in the clinical setting. It describes routes of contamination inside hospitals, and into our body. The means for prevention of the spreading of unwanted microbes are presented as well. Protection mechanisms of the bodily system and the balances of the human microbiome are discussed with respect to intrusions via the respiratory or digestive systems or damaged skin. The risks during operations or invasive treatments are highlighted, together with means for avoiding them. Examples of biofilm formation on the devices or on the body surfaces, latent infections, contagion mechanisms, as well as prevalent risks such as mycobacterial infections, antibiotic resistant strains, intracellular pathogens, nosocomial viruses, lowered host defences, Clostridium difficile, salmonellas, legionellas are included in the chapters of this book. Important developments such as personalized medicine, point-of-care diagnostics, arthroscopy, improved drug delivery, pre- and probiotic treatments, monitoring of the normal flora and its beneficial effects are also discussed.

This book tells you,in a nutshell,everything you need to know to have good teeth,plus all the common but unexpected things that also cause tooth damages,and dentists never had time to explain.Easy to read and includes over 100 coloured illustrations.It's based on almost 2 decades of clinical experience encountering unnecessary problems suffered by patients often through unawareness. Good general knowledge inspires adopting good habits and exercising cautions which form the first-line of health preservation.After reading this book you will know the 10 KEY CAUSES OF TOOTHACHES AND TOOTH LOSSES and realize that dental problems are avoidable. Knowledge is power and the relentless pursuit of happiness begins with perfect health. THIS BOOK EXPLAINS: 1. 10 KEY CAUSES OF TOOTHACHES AND TOOTH LOSSES. 2. 20 "GOLDEN DAILY PRECAUTIONS". 3. 4 VITAL PREVENTION MEASURES for children in Preventive Dentistry. 4. TOOTH REPAIR METHODS,materials and treatment options. 5. TOOTH REPLACEMENTS,dentures to implants 6. How losing teeth can ACCELERATE AGING. 7. BRACES. 8. FLUORIDE. 9. Achieving the most beautiful smile with Cosmetic Dentistry,from Tooth Bleaching,Veneers,Crowns,to tooth reshaping. 10. Brushing and flossing. 11. Dental plaque, tartar. 12. How to achieve THE PERFECT SMILE From business to social,a beautiful and radiant smile showing nice teeth is a charm-point and a "million dollar asset" every person can attain. The attractive smile you wear on your face is your image and is often photographed.It's distinctive, friendly,delightful,graceful and radiates joy.Good-looking teeth can remarkably enhance any given face.The appearance of your front teeth are so critical that if they were seriously flawed or missing, you couldn't leave home With advancing age,eating well becomes fundamentally important.Good teeth preserves youth,provides the sense of well being and quality of life. Great smiles enhances your attractiveness, glamour, popularity, confidence, self-esteem,sex-appeal,social life and success. Celebrities depend heavily on their perfect smiles. A SMILE OPENS DOORS.

This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of the original. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment for protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature in affordable, high quality, modern editions that are true to the original work.

In recent years, there has been an explosion of interest in the use of "antioxidant" nutritional supplements. Epidemiological evidence suggests that maintaining high intakes of vitamins, minerals, and certain other food constituents may help to protect against life-threatening diseases such as heart disease and cancer. Is this effect due to antioxidant properties or to something else? Can nutritional supplements hope to cure or prevent many diseases? Should we all be taking vitamin E, vitamin C, or more of certain polyunsaturated fats?
This is the first book to take a critical and informed look at the merits and limitations of nutritional antioxidant supplementation in the general population. It summarizes concisely current thoughts about free radicals and antioxidants, and is intended for non-specialists in the field who require clarification about nutrition-related issues. The book is written by two leading experts in the field of free radicals in biology and medicine, and will be useful to nutritionists, physicians, medical students, nurses, and biologists, as well as to informed members of the general public interested in nutrition.

SOAP SAVES LIVES. But did you know that excessive use of soap and skin-care products is harming our health and the environment? Apart from in hand-washing there is no need to use soap on our bodies at all? Doctor and preventative medicine expert James Hamblin gave up showering five years ago and only ever uses soap on his hands. In Clean, he takes us on an irreverent and entertaining journey through our complex relationship with our bodies and cleanliness. Drawing on the latest science, he introduces a new way to think about cleanliness - one that is cheaper, simpler and better for our skin, our immunity and the world in which we live. * With a new afterword by the author * 'Fun, interesting and credible' New York Times 'Persuasive... Clean made me chuckle and then left me thoughtful' Daily Telegraph

The human burden of infection caused by food-borne protozoan parasites is enormous; billions of people are infected world-wide and the DALY (disability-adjusted life year) toll due to these infections is correspondingly huge. Whilst some infections may result in mild, relatively insignificant clinical disease, others may be seriously debilitating or even fatal. This book provides detailed insights into those protozoa who are currently most relevant regarding food-borne transmission. This book is intended to be of use and interest for a range of professionals, from researchers to regulators, from diagnosticians to parasitologists to food technologists; it should be read by those who work in academia, within the various branches of the food industry and food research associations, in government regulatory agencies, and in environmental health departments.

The new edition of this established and highly respected text is THE definitive reference in its field. It details methods for the elimination or prevention/control of microbial growth, and features: * New chapters on bioterrorism and community healthcare * New chapters on microbicide regulations in the EU, USA and Canada * Latest material on microbial resistance to microbicides * Updated material on new and emerging technologies, focusing on special problems in hospitals, dentistry and pharmaceutical practice * Practical advice on problems of disinfection and antiseptics in healthcare * A systematic review of sterilization methods, with uses and advantages outlined for each * Evaluation of disinfectants and their mechanisms of action with respect to current regulations The differences between European and North American regulations are highlighted throughout, making this a truly global work, ideal for worldwide healthcare professionals working in infectious diseases and infection control.

Presents the latest research in the control of foodborne pathogens. Emphasizes traditional and emerging techniques as well as current applications for the inactivation of microorganisms to reduce illness and enhance food safety and quality.