The overarching vision of the 2050 Africa's Integrated Maritime Strategy is to foster increased wealth creation from Africa's oceans and seas by developing a sustainable thriving blue economy in a secure and environmentally sustainable manner. The Law of the Sea: The African Union and its Member States provides a first and firm foundation for an assessment and the further development of the legal aspects of ocean governance on the continent. It is an indispensable reference for all the role players in the African Maritime Domain, including agencies and governments, business, civil society, lawyers, scientists and students.

This book, written in three parts, covers the basics of the international trade, financing and the legal framework related to the law of carriage of goods by sea, elaborates on bills of lading in depth and sea waybills and ship's delivery orders in brief and charterparties in depth. While the book is based on the English law, cases and materials from other jurisdictions, particularly Singapore, Malaysia, India, the USA, and Australia are brought in to provide an international perspective. The practical analyses, commentary and critiques of cases would be a useful guide for practitioners in developing case arguments. Although written with practitioners, academicians and students in mind, the book will also serve as a useful guide for sea carriers, freight forwarders, international traders, financiers, etc. as the complex subject is presented in reader-friendly and easy to grasp manner.

Space is no longer the domain of national space agencies. Today, a significant majority of space activities are carried out by non-governmental entities, resulting in the accelerated evolution of space technologies and their applications. This operational shift from public to private does not mean, however, that governments are no longer relevant in this era of New Space. On the contrary: as the operational role of the state has diminished, its regulatory role has grown correspondingly. Acknowledging that the commercial landscape in space is an ever-changing one, this book explores how the Canadian government has adapted to the new commercial space landscape and whether it is prepared to fulfil its authorisation and supervision responsibilities as the regulator of Canada's space industry. The fundamental research question posed, therefore, is whether Canada's regulatory framework is appropriate given the increasing commercialisation of space. To best answer this question, the book provides a doctrinal analysis of Canada's historical space policy and current space laws, an empirical survey of the perspectives of those currently interacting with Canada's regulatory framework, and a comparative exploration of how other jurisdictions oversee commercial space activities. Motivated by legal, moral and economic considerations, the book recommends that Canada enact a comprehensive national space law and provides an annotated draft law for this purpose. By doing so, the book intends to spark a meaningful conversation on how Canada ought to fulfil its regulatory responsibilities, a topic previously unaddressed in public and academic discourse.

A major non-technical challenge of space activities is ensuring productive cooperation, communication, and understanding between the engineers who design the mission and the space lawyers who cover its relevant legal aspects. Though both groups usually attain some level of understanding, it is only achieved after many years of experience in the space industry and through repeated contact with topics relevant to their projects. A basic understanding of the most important legal and technical aspects acquired earlier in their careers can facilitate better cooperation and more efficient development of space projects. Promoting Productive Cooperation Between Space Lawyers and Engineers is a pivotal reference source that provides vital insights into basic legal and technical topics and challenges that occur while planning and conducting typical space activities. The book uses high-profile space missions as examples and highlights the major technical aspects of these missions and the legal issues applied to these missions. While highlighting topics such as planetary settlements, policy perspectives, and suborbital spaceflight, this publication is ideally designed for lawyers, engineers, academicians, students, and professionals.

The principal aim of this book is to address the international legal questions arising from the 'right of visit on the high seas' in the twenty-first century. This right is considered the most significant exception to the fundamental principle of the freedom of the high seas (the freedom, in peacetime, to remain free of interference by ships of another flag). It is this freedom that has been challenged by a recent significant increase in interceptions to counter the threats of international terrorism and WMD proliferation, or to suppress transnational organised crime at sea, particularly the trafficking of narcotics and smuggling of migrants. The author questions whether the principle of non-interference has been so significantly curtailed as to have lost its relevance in the contemporary legal order of the oceans. The book begins with an historical and theoretical examination of the framework underlying interception. This historical survey informs the remainder of the work, which then looks at the legal framework of the right of visit, contemporary challenges to the traditional right, interference on the high seas for the maintenance of international peace and security, interferences to maintain the 'bon usage' of the oceans (navigation and fishing), piracy j'ure gentium'and current counter-piracy operations off the coast of Somalia, the problems posed by illegal, unregulated and unreported fishing, interdiction operations to counter drug and people trafficking, and recent interception operations in the Mediterranean Sea organised by FRONTEX.

At last, the students, coaches and arbitrators who have dedicated so many hours to the Danubia Files will see the results of their labours. Six tribunals of renowned international arbitrators and educators have issued awards in the Vis Problems XIV to XIX. Each award considers the issues and sets out the decision of the tribunal in their own words and style. And at last, here is a reference text that deals with one of the most important - yet most neglected - stages in arbitration procedure: the drafting of the arbitration Award. The first lesson of this book is that there is no single "right" way to draft an award. Each tribunal has its own voice, its own character; there are many styles that can produce a good award. "A wonderful achievement and highly innovative and useful contribution that will be of great interest to all international arbitration lawyers, scholars and students." - Gary Born, Chair, International Arbitration Group, Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr LLP. "I wish I'd thought of it This book will immediately become a "must-have" for law firm international arbitration groups. The awards not only increase the already rich value of the Vis problem materials for advocacy training, they also are a much-needed resource for award drafting practice. Be sure to read the down-to-earth drafting guides by Louise Barrington and Pierre Karrer." - Lucy Reed, Global co-Head, International Arbitration, Freshfields. "You can measure the height of the Great Pyramid at Cheops without climbing it by multiplying the height of a pole by the ratio of the two shadows (500 BC). You can put little wheels on luggage (1970). Great ideas in retrospect seem obvious, and the Danubia files are another." - Jan Paulsson, President, International Council of Commercial Arbitrators (ICCA).

Francis Lyall and Paul B. Larsen have been involved in teaching and researching space law for over 50 years.

This new edition of their well-received text gathers together their knowledge and experience in readable form, and covers developments in all space applications, including space tourism, telecommunications, the ITU and finance.

With an extensive citation of the literature, the discussion provides an excellent source for both students and practitioners.

An established authority in the field, this is the core reference work for practitioners on electronic communications in the European Union. Giving insight into the regulations, the work provides a thorough analysis of the competition rules and regulatory framework applicable to electronic communications networks and services within the European Union. Electronic communications encompass all forms of electronic transmission of information, including telecommunications, broadcasting, and the internet. This second edition is updated to reflect the new regulatory package which has made changes to some of the fundamental mechanisms. A brand new section on data protection also features, giving an authoritative account of the legislation in the important new area of privacy protection in electronic networks. Detailed coverage of the recent case law of the Europan courts is provided including the European Commission's cases on the coordination mechanism for the relations between national regulatory authorities. The author team provides a wealth of expert knowledge on both regulation and general competition law, combining the first hand experience of Peter Rodford and rigorous academic analysis from Paul Nihoul. Peter Rodford is a former Head of the European Commission unit responsible for regulatory policy in electronic communications and took part on behalf of the Commission in the recent negotiation with the European Parliament and Council on the amendments to the EU regulatory framework.

Private international actors go to arbitration to avoid adjudicatory risks, especially the risk of bias. It follows that safeguarding procedural fairness is a key concern in arbitral processes, and that exposing actual bias is crucial. However, evidence from both case law and institutional statistics shows that wily parties are willing to abuse procedural fairness and cry bias as a way of delaying proceedings and escaping enforcement, and that the frequency of such spurious challenges is increasing. This insightful book offers a proposal, solidly grounded in legal principle and precedent, for how the arbitration community should respond to this threat. The author shows how 'dirty' challenge tactics are made viable primarily by the prevalence of a judicially derived test for bias which focuses on appearances, rather than facts. He argues that the most commonly used test of bias, the 'reasonable apprehension' test, makes it easy to allege a lack of impartiality and independence. He shows that the 'real danger' test, derived from the decision of the House of Lords in Gough, has a much higher threshold, and has the additional advantage of making the arbitral award stronger at the all-important enforcement stage. In the course of the presentation the book analyzes, in extraordinary depth, such issues as the following: - which state's courts are most likely to find arbitrator bias, and which state's courts are least likely; - applying the 'real danger' test under the various applicable conventions, the Model Law, and institutional rules; - bias challenges under European Human Rights law; - distinction between party-appointed arbitrators and chairmen in the context of a bias test; - relevant trends in investor-state and ICSID arbitration; and - bias rules in the lex mercatoria. In a broad comparative survey of the law of bias challenges in international commercial arbitration covering all leading states, the author examines various municipal laws to determine their tolerance for a 'real danger' clause in commercial contracts. His analysis, replete with case summaries and material facts, provides a strong scaffolding for his thesis, and also probes the causes of the increased rate of bias challenge. The need for a uniform test in this area is made very convincing by this original study. Arbitrators and other interested professionals and academics will find it of unusual value and interest, and corporate counsel will find much to consider in the use of the 'real danger' clause.

De bijdragen in dit Festschrift behandelen diverse onderwerpen van het binnenvaartrecht. Aan de auteurs die aan deze feestbundel hebben meegewerkt werd gevraagd hun bijdrage aan te leveren in het Nederlands, Engels, Duits of Frans, alle vier talen die Resi beheerst. Voor u ligt het resultaat van hun arbeid. De redactie hoopt dat de lezer evenals de jubilaris deze met vrucht en met plezier zal consulteren, en is ervan overtuigd dat dit Festschrift een waardevolle bijdrage zal vormen aan de rechtsliteratuur over het binnenvaartrecht.