Space policy is at the cutting edge of current EU policy developments and is a fascinating object of study, involving multiple and diverse actors. It is also an original and contemporary lens for studying European policy-making. This book explores advances in European space policy and their significance for European integration. Using a 'framing' methodology, it addresses central questions in European studies in order to form an interdisciplinary bridge between current research in space policy and contemporary European political studies. It assesses the interests of EU institutions in space and how these institutions perceive space policy. Furthermore, it demonstrates that space is a cross-cutting policy domain affecting a diverse range of EU policy fields, such as security, transport and migration, and underpinning the 21st century European and global economy. In doing so, this volume firmly locates space policy in the field of European Studies. This innovative volume will be of key interest to students and scholars of a range of policy areas including common foreign and security policy, technology policy, transport policy, internal market policies, environmental policy, development aid and disaster-risk management, as well as the EU institutions.

Francis Lyall and Paul B. Larsen have been involved in teaching and researching space law for over 50 years. This new edition of their well-received text gathers together their knowledge and experience in readable form, and covers developments in all space applications, including space tourism, telecommunications, the ITU and finance. With an extensive citation of the literature, the discussion provides an excellent source for both students and practitioners.

Die Autoren verfugen uber langjahrige Erfahrungen mit der Grundung und dem Aufbau von Niederlassungen in den USA. Sie vereinen die Sichtweisen von Handelsattache, Rechtsanwalt und Unternehmensberater und garantieren damit eine ausfuhrliche Darstellung und Analyse der verschiedenen Aspekte einer erfolgreichen Unternehmensgrundung in den USA. Zu den Kernthemen zahlen Strategieentwicklung und Geschaftsplanung, Personalfragen sowie Steuer- und Rechtsangelegenheiten. Checklisten und Fallbeispiele helfen, kostenintensive Fallen beim Start-up in den USA zu vermeiden.

The objective of this commentary is to explain the provisions of the Montreal Convention in a succinct and concise manner for the daily practice. The history of the Montreal Convention and of the Warsaw Convention serves as important sources for interpretation. The commentary also takes into account the continental-European and US-American case law regarding the liability of air carriers for damage to passengers or goods as well as sources of European Community legislature. The commentary also considers the various ways in which countries implement the air carrier's insurance obligation. In addition to the Montreal Convention, the Montreal Convention Implementation Act, the European Council Regulation on air carrier liability in the event of accidents, the European Council Regulation on compensation and assistance to passengers in the event of denied boarding and of cancellation or long delay of flights as well as the European Council Regulation on insurance requirements for air carriers and aircraft operators are presented and explained.

Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) are aircraft that do not carry a pilot aboard, but instead operate on pre-programmed routes or are manually controlled by following commands from pilot-operated ground control stations. Unauthorised UAS operations have, in some instances, compromised safety. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 directed FAA to take actions to safely integrate UASs into the national airspace. In response, FAA developed a phased approach to facilitate integration and established test sites among other things. This book addresses the status of FAA's progress toward safe integration of UASs into the national airspace; research and development support from FAA's test sites and other resources; and how other countries have progressed toward UAS integration into their airspace for commercial purposes.

In the popular imagination, space is the final frontier. Will that frontier be a wild west, or will it instead be treated as the oceans are: as a global commons, where commerce is allowed to flourish and no one country dominates? At this moment, nations are free to send missions to Mars or launch space stations. Space satellites are vital to many of the activities that have become part of our daily lives-from weather forecasting to GPS and satellite radio. The militaries of the United States and a host of other nations have also made space a critical arena-spy and communication satellites are essential to their operations. Beginning with the Reagan administration and its attempt to create a missile defense system to protect against attack by the Soviet Union, the U.S. military has decided that the United States should be the dominant power in space in order to protect civilian and defense assets. In Heavenly Ambitions, Joan Johnson-Freese draws from a myriad of sources to argue that the United States is on the wrong path: first, by politicizing the question of space threats and, second, by continuing to believe that military domination in space is the only way to protect U.S. interests in space. Johnson-Freese, who has written and lectured extensively on space policy, lays out her vision of the future of space as a frontier where nations cooperate and military activity is circumscribed by arms control treaties that would allow no one nation to dominate-just as no one nation's military dominates the world's oceans. This is in the world's interest and, most important, in the U.S. national interest.

Selbstverteidigung und kollektive Sicherheit reprasentieren gegenlaufige Ordnungsmodelle der internationalen Beziehungen und des Voelkerrechts - eine an den Einzelstaaten orientierte Ordnung steht einer Konzeption gegenuber, die primar auf staatengemeinschaftlichen Institutionen basiert. Die daraus notwendigerweise resultierende Spannung ist von Art. 51 UN-Charta nicht eindeutig geloest worden. Die in dem Buch unternommene Analyse von Charta und Staatenpraxis zeigt jedoch, dass das gegenwartige Voelkerrecht dem kollektiven System grundsatzlich Vorrang einraumt. Der UN-Sicherheitsrat kann das Selbstverteidigungsrecht der Staaten weitgehend einschranken; dies selbst dann, wenn dadurch Staaten in existentielle Gefahr geraten koennen. Dieses Ergebnis spiegelt die stark fortgeschrittene Konstitutionalisierung des Voelkerrechts wider, es legt aber auch eine Revision der Grundlagen des Voelkerrechts nahe.

Die Vereinten Nationen durch drei Jahrzehnte wissenschaftlich-publizistisch, aber auch politisch so loyal zu begleiten, wie dies mein Munchner Kollege Peter 1. Opitz getan hat, setzt ein bewundernswertes Mass an Idealismus, Optimismus, aber auch Leidensfahigkeitvoraus. Diese Eigenschaften sind vonnoten, nicht nur um mit der Organisation einiger massen gegenuber Angriff und Missbrauch von aussen standhaft zu bleiben, son dern auch um mit dem Bild fertig zu werden, wie die hehren Ziele und Grundsatze der Charta der Vereinten Nationen in der Praxis der Organisation in (allzu) kleine Munze gewechseltwerden. Dennoch mussten die Vereinten Nationen, um eine beliebte Phrase zu strapa zieren, erfunden werden, wenn es sie denn nicht schon gabe: Sie sind nach wie vor die einzige internationale Organisation, die politisch alle Staaten der Erde zur Ver folgung ebenso umfassender Ziele vereint und so spiegelt sie die Realitat der heu tigen Welt wider, ob uns das Spiegelbild nun erschreckt oder freut - das Bild nicht nur einer vertrauten, gemutlichen Umgebung, sondern auch erschreckender, be drohlicher Wirklichkeiten. Damit beruhren wir das Thema des vorliegenden Bandes, die globalen Heraus forderungen. Sie zu definieren und Wege zu ihrer Bewaltigung zu beschreiben, hat seit langem den markantesten Schwerpunkt im wissenschaftlichen Werk von Peter 1. Opitz gebildet. Damit nimmt er einen prominenten Platz in der Reihe deutsch (sprachig)er Politikwissenschaftler und Volkerrechtler ein, welche die Beschafti gung mit den VereintenNationen der Muhe wert finden."

The Routledge Handbook of Public Aviation Law is the first book to incorporate a comprehensive analysis of Public Aviation Law - principally international, but also domestic law in a comparative context - in a single volume. International Law is pervasive in Aviation Law, and is incorporated into a number of major multilateral treaties (e.g., the Chicago Convention of 1944, for Public International Air Law). This is supplemented by various Annexes (promulgated by the International Civil Aviation Organization) and Conventions and Protocols (promulgated by States in diplomatic conferences). States then implement these international obligations in domestic laws that create aviation regulatory administrations that, in turn, promulgate regulations. Bringing together leading scholars in the field, this prestigious reference work provides a comprehensive and comparative overview of Public Aviation Law. It surveys the state of the discipline including contemporary and emerging areas of law, regulation, and public policy in air transportation. Each chapter begins with an overview of the international law applicable to the subject matter, followed, where appropriate, by a comparative examination of domestic statutes, regulations, and jurisprudence. The objective of the book is to identify and summarize existing areas within the context of international research, and to identify and highlight emerging areas. Both practical and theoretical in scope, the Routledge Handbook of Public Aviation Law will be of great relevance to scholars, researchers, lawyers, and policy makers with an interest in aviation law.

Against the backdrop of enormous technological strides, this book argues that the air transport industry must be constantly vigilant in its efforts to employ a legal regime that is applicable to the aeronautical and human aspects of the carriage by air of persons and goods. In this regard, safety and security are of the utmost importance, both in terms of safe air navigation and the preservation of human life. Although the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) addresses legal issues through its Legal Committee, many emerging issues that urgently require attention lie outside the Committee's purview. This book analyzes in detail the items being considered by ICAO's Legal Committee, considers the legal nature of ICAO, and discusses whether or not ICAO's scope should be extended. Since the limited issues currently addressed by ICAO do not reflect the rapidly changing realities of air transport, the book also covers a broad range of key issues outside the parameters set by ICAO, such as: the need to teach air law to a new generation of aviation professionals; combating cyber-crime and cyber-terrorism; the regulation of artificial intelligence; traveller identification; interference with air navigation; human trafficking; unruly passengers; climate change; air carrier liability for passenger death or injury; Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (drones); and the cabin crew and their legal implications.

This book analyses the ability of existing international law to address common vulnerabilities in connection with the recent emergence of small satellites, and how finding consensus in this context can pave the way to the sustainable development of space. The rise of small satellite constellations has produced a paradigm shift in the use of space capabilities, suddenly making them far more available and affordable. This development has in turn sparked substantial global interest in finding ways to capitalize on the new opportunities and to mitigate the challenges posed by these mega-constellations. This work targets precisely that need, offering a valuable asset for readers from the commercial space industry, investors, lawyers, researchers, academics and policymakers alike.

In 1944 the Chicago Convention set out the foundations of public international law regulating international air transport, but until 2016 no international agreement existed to limit its environmental impact. Sustainable Development, International Aviation, and Treaty Implementation explains why the CORSIA scheme, adopted by the International Civil Aviation Organization in 2016, should be implemented in 2020 even though the adequacy of this scheme is still open to doubt and criticism. This book seeks to examine the many dimensions of the effort to contain greenhouse gas emissions from aircraft in a manner consonant with the principles of sustainable development, and examines the development of international law and policy in an area that has remained largely outside the general framework of international environmental law. International civil aviation is a significant polluter of the atmosphere, and in this volume, a group of air law and sustainable development law specialists considers how the international community can respond.

'If you want to own only one book on space law the newly published Handbook of Space Law, edited by Professor Frans von der Dunk, is it!' - Air and Space Law 'Professor Frans von der Dunk has never been threatened by modesty. Most striking is, however, that he always follows words with deeds. It is true for this Handbook of Space Law, which is indeed a particular accomplishment.' - Kai-Uwe Schrogl, Head of the ESA Policies Department, European Space Agency (ESA) 'It really is a fantastic book analyzing all the relevant matters.' - Sagi Kfir, General Counsel, Deep Space Industries '[A] defining compendium in the space law lexicon.' - Sam Peterson, Operations Manager, European Space Agency (ESA) The Handbook of Space Law addresses the legal and regulatory aspects of activities in outer space and major space applications from a comprehensive and structured perspective. It fundamentally addresses the dichotomy between the state-oriented character of international space law and the increasing commercialization and privatization of space activities. The book focuses on international space law in the broadest sense of the word, not only including the UN-based space treaties and international customary (space) law, but also the many specialized regimes such as those applicable to the international satellite organizations, the International Space Station, the international trade and the security-sensitive aspects of space technology exports, the financing of space ventures and environmental concerns. The novelty of this holistic approach to space law notably includes the profound and ever-increasing commercialization of space activities and the attendant involvement of the private sector in such activities. This authoritative book thus presents a unique standard work of reference for anyone interested in studying or researching the legal and regulatory aspects of space activities and their major applications in depth. Offering the most comprehensive and holistic analysis on legal and regulatory aspects of space activities and major space applications to date this Handbook will be of particular interest to students in space law higher education, public international law, researchers (including JSD and PhD students) of space law and practitioners in the major sectors of space activities. Contributors: C. Doldirina, C. Gaubert, P. Jankowitsch, I. Marboe, R.L. Schweickart, C. Sharpe, L.J. Smith, M. Sundahl, F. Tronchetti, P. van Fenema, L. Viikari, F. von der Dunk, M. Williams

Progress in exploration and exploitation of outer space is proceeding rapidly, resulting in new space telecommunication services, innovative use of the constellation of satellite and new methods of prolonging the life of those satellites. In response, this book offers an analysis of outer space activities and the resulting legal implications. It offers a dual perspective. Firstly it looks at developments in international law, such as the regulation of non-GEO constellations, on-orbit services and in the field of space mining. Secondly, the book explores the developments on the African continent. Specifically it examines the growing need of space services in the area of mobile communications via satellites, internet access, Earth observations, disaster management, and navigation. This is an important contribution to one of the most exciting and fast moving fields in law today.

The Principles and Practice of International Aviation Law provides an introduction to, and demystification of, the private and public dimensions of international aviation law. Unlike other global sectors, the air transport industry is not governed by a discrete area of the law, but by disparate transnational regulatory instruments. Everything from the routes that an international air carrier can serve to the acquisition of its fleet and its liability to passengers and shippers for incidents arising from its operations can be the object of bilateral and multilateral treaties that represent diverse and often contradictory interests. Beneath this are hundreds of domestic regulatory regimes that also apply national and international rules in disparate ways. The result is an agglomeration of legal cultures that can leave even experienced lawyers and academics perplexed. By combining classical doctrinal analysis with insights from newer disciplines such as international relations and economics, the book maps international aviation law's complex terrain for new and veteran observers alike.

This is a major new work on International Space Law by an author who has perhaps contributed more than any other scholar to its development. In it he examines the whole of the regime of international law and space law including the role of the United Nations, the legal status of outer space, astronauts and out of space objects, the military use of outer space, the commercial uses of outer space and in particular the emerging law relating to satellites and telecommunications, including the increasingly vexed problems of international responsibility and liability for national activities in space. A number of the chapters in this book have previously been published as essays in law journals and as chapters of books but this is the first time that all these major pieces appear together and the opportunity has been taken to revise and update where appropriate.

Der Band dokumentiert zwei zusammenhangende Tagungen, bei denen die zentralen Probleme des Allgemeinen und Besonderen Teils des am 01.09.1998 in Kraft getretenen kodeks karny diskutiert wurden. Die Analyse der Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede zwischen den Strafgesetzbuchern der beiden Lander ist vor allem deshalb lohnend, weil die neue polnische Kodifikation einerseits durch eine grundlegende Liberalisierung zu einer Annaherung der Regelungen gefuhrt hat, andererseits aber auch durchdenkenswerte eigenstandige Bestimmungen uber aktuelle Probleme enthalt, deren Regelung im deutschen Strafgesetzbuch noch fehlt. Die Referate stammen u.a. von den polnischen Strafrechtswissenschaftlern, die die einzelnen Abschnitte des kodeks karny federfuhrend mitgestaltet haben."

There is considerable writing on the laws designed to regulate war, but most of this material is devoted to international wars between different states. Lindsay Moir examines the laws which exist to protect civilians caught up in armed conflicts within a single state. This book traces the development of international law from the nineteenth century, up to events arising from the conflicts in Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia. It demonstrates how human rights can offer protection during armed conflict and how effectively (and by whom) the relevant rules can be enforced.

Im Herzstuck des europaischen Vereinigungsprozesses, der Warenverkehrsfreiheit, hat die EU auf der Basis der "Neuen Konzeption" und des "Globalen Konzepts" mit dem System der Akkreditierung und Zertifizierung eine europaische Verwaltungsstruktur geschaffen. Deren tragendes Element bilden Private, die als Benannte Stellen im Wege der Zertifizierung uber die Marktzulassung von Produkten entscheiden. Die mitgliedsstaatlichen Verwaltungen bilden nur noch einen rechtsstaatlichen Ankerpunkt. Akkreditierung und Zertifizierung werden als neue Institute des europaischen Verwaltungsrechts in der deutschen Rechtsordnung beschrieben und anhand verfassungsrechtlicher und europarechtlicher Grundsatze analysiert. Das neue europaische Produktzulassungsrecht liefert damit einen weiteren Baustein fur ein europaisches Verwaltungsrecht."