Since their inception, the Perspectives in Logic and Lecture Notes in Logic series have published seminal works by leading logicians. Many of the original books in the series have been unavailable for years, but they are now in print once again. This volume, the second publication in the Lecture Notes in Logic series, is the proceedings of the Association for Symbolic Logic meeting held in Helsinki, Finland, in July 1990. It contains eighteen papers by leading researchers, covering all fields of mathematical logic from the philosophy of mathematics, through model theory, proof theory, recursion theory, and set theory, to the connections of logic to computer science. The articles published here are still widely cited and continue to provide ideas for ongoing research projects.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-workshop proceedings of the 13th International Workshop on Approximation and Online Algorithms, WAOA 2015, held in Patras, Greece, in September 2015 as part of ALGO 2015. The 17 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 40 submissions. Topics of interest for WAOA 2015 were: algorithmic game theory, algorithmic trading, coloring and partitioning, competitive analysis, computational advertising, computational finance, cuts and connectivity, geometric problems, graph algorithms, inapproximability, mechanism design, natural algorithms, network design, packing and covering, paradigms for the design and analysis of approximation and online algorithms, parameterized complexity, scheduling problems,and real-world applications.

Introduces the basic concepts and characteristics of string pattern matching strategies and provides numerous references for further reading.

The text describes and evaluates the BF, KMP, BM, and KR algorithms, discusses improvements for string pattern matching machines, and details a technique for detecting and removing the redundant operation of the AC machine. Also explored are typical problems in approximate string matching . In addition, the reader will find a description for applying string pattern matching algorithms to multidimensional matching problems, an investigation of numerous hardware-based solutions for pattern matching, and an examination of hardware approaches for full text search.

The first chapter's survey paper describes the basic concepts of algorithm classifications. The five chapters that follow include 15 papers further illustrating these classifications: Single keyword matching Matching sets of keywords Approximate string matching Multidimensional matching Hardware matching

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies in Education, Research, and Industrial Applications, ICTERI 2015, held in Lviv, Ukraine, in May 2015. The 9 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 119 submissions. The papers are grouped into two parts: ICT in education and industrial applications, and formal frameworks.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Distributed and Computer and Communication Networks, DCCN 2015, held in Moscow, Russia, in October 2015. The 38 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 94 submissions. The papers cover the following topics: computer and communication networks architecture optimization; control in computer and communication networks; performance and QoS evaluation in wireless networks; modeling and simulation of network protocols; queuing and reliability theory; wireless IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15, IEEE 802.16, and UMTS (LTE) networks; FRID technology and its application in intellectual transportation networks; protocols design (MAC, Routing) for centimeter and millimeter wave mesh networks; internet and web applications and services; application integration in distributed information systems; big data in communication networks.

This book is an indispensable source for anyone with an interest in semigroup theory or whose research overlaps with this increasingly important area of mathematics. It is a clear and readable introduction to the subject, with emphasis on various classes of regular and semigroups. More than 150 exercises, accompanied by relevant references to the literature,give pointerse to areas of the subject not explicitly covered in the text.

This book gathers selected contributions presented at the INdAM Workshop "DREAMS", held in Rome, Italy on January 22 26, 2018. Addressing cutting-edge research topics and advances in computer aided geometric design and isogeometric analysis, it covers distinguishing curve/surface constructions and spline models, with a special focus on emerging adaptive spline constructions, fundamental spline theory and related algorithms, as well as various aspects of isogeometric methods, e.g. efficient quadrature rules and spectral analysis for isogeometric B-spline discretizations. Applications in finite element and boundary element methods are also discussed. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to both researchers and graduate students working in these areas.

Features Suitable for undergraduates and early postgraduates who need simple and accessible guidance for solving practical interdisciplinary technical problems Can be used as an additional textbook in a variety of topics, including Calculus, Linear Algebra, Analytical Geometry, Discrete Mathematics, Computer Science, Computational Mathematics, Scientific Visualization, Computer Graphics Gives computer users access to an exciting new hobby - solving complex problems described in fiction.

This book constitutes revised selected papers from the workshopscollocated with the SEFM 2015 conference on Software Engineering andFormal Methods, held in York, UK, in September 2015.The 25 papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 32 submissions. The satellite workshops provided a highly interactive and collaborative environment for researchers and practitioners from industry and academia to discuss emerging areas of software engineering and formal methods.The four workshops were: ATSE 2015: The 6th Workshop on Automating Test Case Design, Selection and Evaluation; HOFM 2015: The 2nd Human-Oriented Formal Methods Workshop; MoKMaSD 2015: The 4th International Symposium on Modelling and Knowledge Management Applications: Systems and Domains; VERY*SCART 2015: The 1st International Workshop on the Art of Service Composition and Formal Verification for Self-* Systems.

This book presents recent results on positivity and optimization of polynomials in non-commuting variables. Researchers in non-commutative algebraic geometry, control theory, system engineering, optimization, quantum physics and information science will find the unified notation and mixture of algebraic geometry and mathematical programming useful. Theoretical results are matched with algorithmic considerations; several examples and information on how to use NCSOStools open source package to obtain the results provided. Results are presented on detecting the eigenvalue and trace positivity of polynomials in non-commuting variables using Newton chip method and Newton cyclic chip method, relaxations for constrained and unconstrained optimization problems, semidefinite programming formulations of the relaxations and finite convergence of the hierarchies of these relaxations, and the practical efficiency of algorithms.

The main goal of this book is to find the constructive content hidden in abstract proofs of concrete theorems in Commutative Algebra, especially in well-known theorems concerning projective modules over polynomial rings (mainly the Quillen-Suslin theorem) and syzygies of multivariate polynomials with coefficients in a valuation ring. Simple and constructive proofs of some results in the theory of projective modules over polynomial rings are also given, and light is cast upon recent progress on the Hermite ring and Groebner ring conjectures. New conjectures on unimodular completion arising from our constructive approach to the unimodular completion problem are presented. Constructive algebra can be understood as a first preprocessing step for computer algebra that leads to the discovery of general algorithms, even if they are sometimes not efficient. From a logical point of view, the dynamical evaluation gives a constructive substitute for two highly nonconstructive tools of abstract algebra: the Law of Excluded Middle and Zorn's Lemma. For instance, these tools are required in order to construct the complete prime factorization of an ideal in a Dedekind ring, whereas the dynamical method reveals the computational content of this construction. These lecture notes follow this dynamical philosophy.

This book is the first easy-to-read text on nonsmooth optimization (NSO, not necessarily differentiable optimization). Solving these kinds of problems plays a critical role in many industrial applications and real-world modeling systems, for example in the context of image denoising, optimal control, neural network training, data mining, economics and computational chemistry and physics. The book covers both the theory and the numerical methods used in NSO and provide an overview of different problems arising in the field. It is organized into three parts: 1. convex and nonconvex analysis and the theory of NSO; 2. test problems and practical applications; 3. a guide to NSO software. The book is ideal for anyone teaching or attending NSO courses. As an accessible introduction to the field, it is also well suited as an independent learning guide for practitioners already familiar with the basics of optimization.

Walter Gautschi has written extensively on topics ranging from special functions, quadrature and orthogonal polynomials to difference and differential equations, software implementations, and the history of mathematics. He is world renowned for his pioneering work in numerical analysis and constructive orthogonal polynomials, including a definitive textbook in the former, and a monograph in the latter area. This three-volume set, Walter Gautschi: Selected Works with Commentaries, is a compilation of Gautschi's most influential papers and includes commentaries by leading experts. The work begins with a detailed biographical section and ends with a section commemorating Walter's prematurely deceased twin brother. This title will appeal to graduate students and researchers in numerical analysis, as well as to historians of science. Selected Works with Commentaries, Vol. 1 Numerical Conditioning Special Functions Interpolation and Approximation Selected Works with Commentaries, Vol. 2 Orthogonal Polynomials on the Real Line Orthogonal Polynomials on the Semicircle Chebyshev Quadrature Kronrod and Other Quadratures Gauss-type Quadrature Selected Works with Commentaries, Vol. 3 Linear Difference Equations Ordinary Differential Equations Software History and Biography Miscellanea Works of Werner Gautschi

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings fo the 14th International Scientific Conference on Information Technologies and Mathematical Modeling, named after A. F. Terpugov, ITMM 2015, held in Anzhero-Sudzhensk, Russia, in November 2015. The 35 full papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 89 submissions. They are devoted to new results in the queueing theory and its applications, addressing specialists in probability theory, random processes, mathematical modeling as well as engineers dealing with logical and technical design and operational management of telecommunication and computer networks.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Theory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing, SAT 2016, held in Bordeaux, France, in July 2016. The 31 regular papers, 5 tool papers presented together with 3 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 70 submissions. The papers address different aspects of SAT, including complexity, satisfiability solving, satisfiability applications, satisfiability modulop theory, beyond SAT, quantified Boolean formula, and dependency QBF.

This book highlights the different types of data architecture and illustrates the many possibilities hidden behind the term "Big Data", from the usage of No-SQL databases to the deployment of stream analytics architecture, machine learning, and governance. Scalable Big Data Architecture covers real-world, concrete industry use cases that leverage complex distributed applications , which involve web applications, RESTful API, and high throughput of large amount of data stored in highly scalable No-SQL data stores such as Couchbase and Elasticsearch. This book demonstrates how data processing can be done at scale from the usage of NoSQL datastores to the combination of Big Data distribution. When the data processing is too complex and involves different processing topology like long running jobs, stream processing, multiple data sources correlation, and machine learning, it's often necessary to delegate the load to Hadoop or Spark and use the No-SQL to serve processed data in real time. This book shows you how to choose a relevant combination of big data technologies available within the Hadoop ecosystem. It focuses on processing long jobs, architecture, stream data patterns, log analysis, and real time analytics. Every pattern is illustrated with practical examples, which use the different open sourceprojects such as Logstash, Spark, Kafka, and so on. Traditional data infrastructures are built for digesting and rendering data synthesis and analytics from large amount of data. This book helps you to understand why you should consider using machine learning algorithms early on in the project, before being overwhelmed by constraints imposed by dealing with the high throughput of Big data. Scalable Big Data Architecture is for developers, data architects, and data scientists looking for a better understanding of how to choose the most relevant pattern for a Big Data project and which tools to integrate into that pattern.

This text offers an extension to the traditional Kripke semantics for non-classical logics by adding the notion of reactivity. Reactive Kripke models change their accessibility relation as we progress in the evaluation process of formulas in the model. This feature makes the reactive Kripke semantics strictly stronger and more applicable than the traditional one. Here we investigate the properties and axiomatisations of this new and most effective semantics, and we offer a wide landscape of applications of the idea of reactivity. Applied topics include reactive automata, reactive grammars, reactive products, reactive deontic logic and reactive preferential structures. Reactive Kripke semantics is the next step in the evolution of possible world semantics for non-classical logics, and this book, written by one of the leading authorities in the field, is essential reading for graduate students and researchers in applied logic, and it offers many research opportunities for PhD students.

This proceedings volume collects review articles that summarize research conducted at the Munich Centre of Advanced Computing (MAC) from 2008 to 2012. The articles address the increasing gap between what should be possible in Computational Science and Engineering due to recent advances in algorithms, hardware, and networks, and what can actually be achieved in practice; they also examine novel computing architectures, where computation itself is a multifaceted process, with hardware awareness or ubiquitous parallelism due to many-core systems being just two of the challenges faced. Topics cover both the methodological aspects of advanced computing (algorithms, parallel computing, data exploration, software engineering) and cutting-edge applications from the fields of chemistry, the geosciences, civil and mechanical engineering, etc., reflecting the highly interdisciplinary nature of the Munich Centre of Advanced Computing.

This brief focuses on two main problems in the domain of optical flow and trajectory estimation: (i) The problem of finding convex optimization methods to apply sparsity to optical flow; and (ii) The problem of how to extend sparsity to improve trajectories in a computationally tractable way. Beginning with a review of optical flow fundamentals, it discusses the commonly used flow estimation strategies and the advantages or shortcomings of each. The brief also introduces the concepts associated with sparsity including dictionaries and low rank matrices. Next, it provides context for optical flow and trajectory methods including algorithms, data sets, and performance measurement. The second half of the brief covers sparse regularization of total variation optical flow and robust low rank trajectories. The authors describe a new approach that uses partially-overlapping patches to accelerate the calculation and is implemented in a coarse-to-fine strategy. Experimental results show that combining total variation and a sparse constraint from a learned dictionary is more effective than employing total variation alone. The brief is targeted at researchers and practitioners in the fields of engineering and computer science. It caters particularly to new researchers looking for cutting edge topics in optical flow as well as veterans of optical flow wishing to learn of the latest advances in multi-frame methods.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Scientific Conference on Information Technologies and Mathematical Modeling, named after A. F. Terpugov, ITMM 2016, held in Katun, Russia, in September 2016. The 33 full papers presented together with 4 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 96 submissions. They are devoted to new results in the queueing theory and its applications, addressing specialists in probability theory, random processes, mathematical modeling as well as engineers dealing with logical and technical design and operational management of telecommunication and computer networks.

This must-read text presents the pioneering work of the late Professor Jacob (Jack) T. Schwartz on computational logic and set theory and its application to proof verification techniques, culminating in the AEtnaNova system, a prototype computer program designed to verify the correctness of mathematical proofs presented in the language of set theory. Topics and features: describes in depth how a specific first-order theory can be exploited to model and carry out reasoning in branches of computer science and mathematics; presents an unique system for automated proof verification in large-scale software systems; integrates important proof-engineering issues, reflecting the goals of large-scale verifiers; includes an appendix showing formalized proofs of ordinals, of various properties of the transitive closure operation, of finite and transfinite induction principles, and of Zorn's lemma."

This book is a comprehensive, systematic survey of the synthesis problem, and of region theory which underlies its solution, covering the related theory, algorithms, and applications. The authors focus on safe Petri nets and place/transition nets (P/T-nets), treating synthesis as an automated process which, given behavioural specifications or partial specifications of a system to be realized, decides whether the specifications are feasible, and then produces a Petri net realizing them exactly, or if this is not possible produces a Petri net realizing an optimal approximation of the specifications. In Part I the authors introduce elementary net synthesis. In Part II they explain variations of elementary net synthesis and the unified theory of net synthesis. The first three chapters of Part III address the linear algebraic structure of regions, synthesis of P/T-nets from finite initialized transition systems, and the synthesis of unbounded P/T-nets. Finally, the last chapter in Part III and the chapters in Part IV cover more advanced topics and applications: P/T-net with the step firing rule, extracting concurrency from transition systems, process discovery, supervisory control, and the design of speed-independent circuits. Most chapters conclude with exercises, and the book is a valuable reference for both graduate students of computer science and electrical engineering and researchers and engineers in this domain.

Here is a collection of nonlinear optimization applications from the real world, expressed in the General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS). The concepts are presented so that the reader can quickly modify and update them to represent real-world situations.

The authors describe systematic methods for uncovering scientific laws a priori, on the basis of intuition, or "Gedanken Experiments". Mathematical expressions of scientific laws are, by convention, constrained by the rule that their form must be invariant with changes of the units of their variables. This constraint makes it possible to narrow down the possible forms of the laws. It is closely related to, but different from, dimensional analysis. It is a mathematical book, largely based on solving functional equations. In fact, one chapter is an introduction to the theory of functional equations.

Gerhard Gentzen has been described as logic's lost genius, whom Goedel called a better logician than himself. This work comprises articles by leading proof theorists, attesting to Gentzen's enduring legacy to mathematical logic and beyond. The contributions range from philosophical reflections and re-evaluations of Gentzen's original consistency proofs to the most recent developments in proof theory. Gentzen founded modern proof theory. His sequent calculus and natural deduction system beautifully explain the deep symmetries of logic. They underlie modern developments in computer science such as automated theorem proving and type theory.