This book explores two of the most striking features of quantum theory - contextuality and nonlocality - using a formulation based on graph theory. Quantum theory provides a set of rules to predict probabilities of different outcomes in different experimental settings, and both contextuality and nonlocality play a fundamental role in interpreting the outcomes. In this work, the authors highlight how the graph approach can lead to a better understanding of this theory and its applications. After presenting basic definitions and explaining the non-contextuality hypothesis, the book describes contextuality scenarios using compatibility hypergraphs. It then introduces the exclusivity graph approach, which relates a number of important graph-theoretical concepts to contextuality. It also presents open problems such as the so-called Exclusivity Principle, as well as a selection of important topics, like sheaf-theoretical approach, hypergraph approach, and alternative proofs of contextuality.

Examine business problems and use a practical analytical approach to solve them by implementing predictive models and machine learning techniques using SAS and the R analytical language. This book is ideal for those who are well-versed in writing code and have a basic understanding of statistics, but have limited experience in implementing predictive models and machine learning techniques for analyzing real world data. The most challenging part of solving industrial business problems is the practical and hands-on knowledge of building and deploying advanced predictive models and machine learning algorithms. Applied Analytics through Case Studies Using SAS and R is your answer to solving these business problems by sharpening your analytical skills. What You'll Learn Understand analytics and basic data concepts Use an analytical approach to solve Industrial business problems Build predictive model with machine learning techniques Create and apply analytical strategies Who This Book Is For Data scientists, developers, statisticians, engineers, and research students with a great theoretical understanding of data and statistics who would like to enhance their skills by getting practical exposure in data modeling.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Integrated Formal Methods, IFM 2018, held in Maynooth, Ireland, in September 2018. The 17 full papers and 5 short papers presented together with 3 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 60 submissions. The conference covers a broad spectrum of topics: from language design, to verification and analysis techniques, to supporting tools and their integration into software engineering practice.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Information Technologies and Mathematical Modelling, ITMM 2017, held in Kazan, Russia, in September/October 2017. The 31 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 85 submissions. The conference covers various aspects of mathematical modeling and information technologies, focusing on probabilistic methods and models, queueing theory and communication networks.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Parallel Computational Technologies, PCT 2017, held in Kazan, Russia, in April 2017. The 24 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 167 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on high performance architectures, tools and technologies; parallel numerical algorithms; supercomputer simulation.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Similarity Search and Applications, SISAP 2017, held in Munich, Germany, in October 2017. The 23 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 53 submissions. The papers deal with issues surrounding the theory, design, analysis, practice, and application of content-based and feature-based similarity search. They are organized in the following topical sections: approximate similarity search; improving similarity search methods and applications; distances for complex objects; outlier detection; indexing and applications; and applications and specific domains. The paper 'A New Perspective on the Tree Edit Distance' is published open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th EAI International Conference on Game Theory for Networks, GameNets 2017, held in Knoxville, Tennessee, USA, in May 2017. The 10 conference papers and 5 invited papers presented cover topics such as smart electric grid, Internet of Things (IoT), social networks, networks security, mobile service markets, and epidemic control.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed short papers, workshops and doctoral consortium papers of the 21th European Conference on Advances in Databases and Information Systems, ADBIS 2017, held in Nicosia, Cyprus, in September 2017. The 25 full and 4 short workshop papers and the 12 short papers of the main conference were carefully reviewed and selected from 160 submissions. The papers from the following workshops have been included in the proceedings: the first workshop on Data-Driven Approaches for Analyzing and Managing Scholarly Data, AMSD 2017; the first workshop on Novel Techniques for Integrating Big Data, BigNovelTI 2017; the first international workshop on Data Science: Methodologies and Use-Cases, DaS 2017; the second international workshop on Semantic Web for Cultural Heritage, SW4CH 2017.

This book provides a unified view on a new methodology for Machine Translation (MT). This methodology extracts information from widely available resources (extensive monolingual corpora) while only assuming the existence of a very limited parallel corpus, thus having a unique starting point to Statistical Machine Translation (SMT). In this book, a detailed presentation of the methodology principles and system architecture is followed by a series of experiments, where the proposed system is compared to other MT systems using a set of established metrics including BLEU, NIST, Meteor and TER. Additionally, a free-to-use code is available, that allows the creation of new MT systems. The volume is addressed to both language professionals and researchers. Prerequisites for the readers are very limited and include a basic understanding of the machine translation as well as of the basic tools of natural language processing.

This book discusses modern approaches and challenges of computer-aided design (CAD) of quantum circuits with a view to providing compact representations of quantum functionality. Focusing on the issue of quantum functionality, it presents Quantum Multiple-Valued Decision Diagrams (QMDDs - a means of compactly and efficiently representing and manipulating quantum logic. For future quantum computers, going well beyond the size of present-day prototypes, the manual design of quantum circuits that realize a given (quantum) functionality on these devices is no longer an option. In order to keep up with the technological advances, methods need to be provided which, similar to the design and synthesis of conventional circuits, automatically generate a circuit description of the desired functionality. To this end, an efficient representation of the desired quantum functionality is of the essence. While straightforward representations are restricted due to their (exponentially) large matrix descriptions and other decision diagram-like structures for quantum logic suffer from not comprehensively supporting typical characteristics, QMDDs employ a decomposition scheme that more naturally models quantum systems. As a result, QMDDs explicitly support quantum-mechanical effects like phase shifts and are able to take more advantage of corresponding redundancies, thereby allowing a very compact representation of relevant quantum functionality composed of dozens of qubits. This provides the basis for the development of sophisticated design methods as shown for quantum circuit synthesis and verification.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Statistical Language and Speech Processing, SLSP 2017, held in Le Mans, France, in October 2017. The 21 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 39 submissions. The papers cover topics such as anaphora and conference resolution; authorship identification, plagiarism and spam filtering; computer-aided translation; corpora and language resources; data mining and semanticweb; information extraction; information retrieval; knowledge representation and ontologies; lexicons and dictionaries; machine translation; multimodal technologies; natural language understanding; neural representation of speech and language; opinion mining and sentiment analysis; parsing; part-of-speech tagging; question and answering systems; semantic role labeling; speaker identification and verification; speech and language generation; speech recognition; speech synthesis; speech transcription; speech correction; spoken dialogue systems; term extraction; text categorization; test summarization; user modeling. They are organized in the following sections: language and information extraction; post-processing and applications of automatic transcriptions; speech paralinguistics and synthesis; speech recognition: modeling and resources.

This LNCS volume is part of FoLLI book serie and contains the papers presented at the 6th International Workshop on Logic, Rationality and Interaction/ (LORI-VI), held in September 2017 in Sapporo, Japan. The focus of the workshop is on following topics: Agency, Argumentation and Agreement, Belief Revision and Belief Merging, Belief Representation, Cooperation, Decision making and Planning, Natural Language, Philosophy and Philosophical Logic, and Strategic Reasoning.

This book uses a variety of applications to illustrate a modeling method that helps practitioners to manage complex software-intensive systems. The proposed method relies on the combination of its abstraction concept and its operational character, with behavioral models in the precise and simple form of Abstract State Machines (ASMs). The book introduces both the modeling method (Part I) and the available tool support (Part II): In Part I the authors detail (using numerous examples) how to construct, explain, debug, explore, extend and reuse accurate system design models, starting from scratch. Only an elementary knowledge of common mathematical (including set-theoretic) notation and some basic experience with computational processes (systems, programs, algorithms) is assumed. Part II then shows how the modeling method can be supported by implementing tools that make design models executable and debuggable. To illustrate how to build, debug and maintain systems and to explain their construction in a checkable manner, a general, problem-oriented refinement method is adopted to construct system models from components. The method starts with abstract models and refines them step by step, incrementally adding further details that eventually lead to code. Intended for practitioners who build software intensive systems, and students specializing in software engineering, it can be used both for self-study and for teaching, and it can serve as a reference book. Exercises are included to help readers check their understanding of the explained concepts. For many models defined in the book, refinements to executable versions can be downloaded for experimental validation from the book's website at http://modelingbook.informatik.uni-ulm.de

The three-volume set LNCS 10860, 10861 + 10862 constitutes the proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Computational Science, ICCS 2018, held in Wuxi, China, in June 2018. The total of 155 full and 66 short papers presented in this book set was carefully reviewed and selected from 404 submissions. The papers were organized in topical sections named: Part I: ICCS Main Track Part II: Track of Advances in High-Performance Computational Earth Sciences: Applications and Frameworks; Track of Agent-Based Simulations, Adaptive Algorithms and Solvers; Track of Applications of Matrix Methods in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning; Track of Architecture, Languages, Compilation and Hardware Support for Emerging ManYcore Systems; Track of Biomedical and Bioinformatics Challenges for Computer Science; Track of Computational Finance and Business Intelligence; Track of Computational Optimization, Modelling and Simulation; Track of Data, Modeling, and Computation in IoT and Smart Systems; Track of Data-Driven Computational Sciences; Track of Mathematical-Methods-and-Algorithms for Extreme Scale; Track of Multiscale Modelling and Simulation Part III: Track of Simulations of Flow and Transport: Modeling, Algorithms and Computation; Track of Solving Problems with Uncertainties; Track of Teaching Computational Science; Poster Papers

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Integration of Artificial Intelligence and Operations Research Techniques in Constraint Programming for Combinatorial Optimization Problems, CPAIOR 2018, held in Delft, The Netherlands, in June 2018. The 47 full papers presented together with 3 abstracts of invited talks and 3 abstracts of fast-track journal papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 111 submissions. The conference brings together interested researchers from constraint programming, artificial intelligence, and operations research to present new techniques or applications in the intersection of these fields and provides an opportunity for researchers in one area to learn about techniques in the others, and to show how the integration of techniques from different fields can lead to interesting results on large and complex problems.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Image Analysis and Recognition, ICIAR 2018, held in Povoa de Varzim, Portugal, in June 2018. The 91 full papers presented together with 15 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 179 submissions. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: Enhancement, Restoration and Reconstruction, Image Segmentation, Detection, Classication and Recognition, Indexing and Retrieval, Computer Vision, Activity Recognition, Traffic and Surveillance, Applications, Biomedical Image Analysis, Diagnosis and Screening of Ophthalmic Diseases, and Challenge on Breast Cancer Histology Images.

This book contains a selection of the best papers that were presented at the 28th edition of the annual Benelux Conference on Artificial Intelligence, BNAIC 2016. The conference took place on November 10-11, 2016, in Hotel Casa 400 in Amsterdam. The conference was jointly organized by the University of Amsterdam and the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, under the auspices of the Benelux Association for Artificial Intelligence (BNVKI) and the Dutch Research School for Information and Knowledge Systems (SIKS). The objective of BNAIC is to promote and disseminate recent research developments in Artificial Intelligence, particularly within Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands, although it does not exclude contributions from countries outside the Benelux. The 13 contributions presented in this volume (8 regular papers, 4 student papers, and 1 demonstration paper) were carefully reviewed and selected from 93 submissions. They address various aspects of artificial intelligence such as natural language processing, agent technology, game theory, problem solving, machine learning, human-agent interaction, AI & education, and data analysis.

This book is a pedagogical presentation aimed at advanced undergraduate students, beginning graduate students and professionals who are looking for an introductory text to the field of Distance Geometry, and some of its applications. This versions profits from feedback acquired at undergraduate/graduate courses in seminars and a number of workshops.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Mathematics and Computing, ICMC 2018, held in Varanasi, India, in January 2018. The 29 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 116 submissions. They are organized in topical sections on security and coding theory; computing; applied mathematics; pure mathematics.

Evolutionary Algorithms in Engineering and Computer Science Edited by K. Miettinen, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland M. M. Makela, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland P. Neittaanmaki, University of Jyvaskyla, Finland J. Periaux, Dassault Aviation, France What is Evolutionary Computing? Based on the genetic message encoded in DNA, and digitalized algorithms inspired by the Darwinian framework of evolution by natural selection, Evolutionary Computing is one of the most important information technologies of our times. Evolutionary algorithms encompass all adaptive and computational models of natural evolutionary systems - genetic algorithms, evolution strategies, evolutionary programming and genetic programming. In addition, they work well in the search for global solutions to optimization problems, allowing the production of optimization software that is robust and easy to implement. Furthermore, these algorithms can easily be hybridized with traditional optimization techniques. This book presents state-of-the-art lectures delivered by international academic and industrial experts in the field of evolutionary computing. It bridges artificial intelligence and scientific computing with a particular emphasis on real-life problems encountered in application-oriented sectors, such as aerospace, electronics, telecommunications, energy and economics. This rapidly growing field, with its deep understanding and assesssment of complex problems in current practice, provides an effective, modern engineering tool. This book will therefore be of significant interest and value to all postgraduates, research scientists and practitioners facing complex optimization problems.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed workshop post-proceedings of the 15th International Workshop on Approximation and Online Algorithms, WAOA 2017, held in Vienna, Austria, in September 2017 as part of ALGO 2017. The 23 revised full papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 50 submissions. Topics of interest for WAOA 2017 were: graph algorithms; inapproximability results; network design; packing and covering; paradigms for the design and analysis of approximation and online algorithms; parameterized complexity; scheduling problems; algorithmic game theory; coloring and partitioning; competitive analysis; computational advertising; computational finance; cuts and connectivity; geometric problems; mechanism design; resource augmentation; and real-world applications.

Computational algebraic number theory has been attracting broad interest in the last few years due to its potential applications in coding theory and cryptography. For this reason, the Deutsche Mathematiker Vereinigung initiated an introductory graduate seminar on this topic in Dusseldorf. The lectures given there by the author served as the basis for this book which allows fast access to the state of the art in this area. Special emphasis has been placed on practical algorithms - all developed in the last five years - for the computation of integral bases, the unit group and the class group of arbitrary algebraic number fields. Contents: Introduction * Topics from finite fields * Arithmetic and polynomials * Factorization of polynomials * Topics from the geometry of numbers * Hermite normal form * Lattices * Reduction * Enumeration of lattice points * Algebraic number fields * Introduction * Basic Arithmetic * Computation of an integral basis * Integral closure * Round-Two-Method * Round-Four-Method * Computation of the unit group * Dirichlet's unit theorem and a regulator bound * Two methods for computing r independent units * Fundamental unit computation * Computation of the class group * Ideals and class number * A method for computing the class group * Appendix * The number field sieve * KANT * References * Index

This book constitutes the proceedings of the second International Conference on Smart Cities, Smart-CT 2017, held in Malaga, Spain, in June 2017. The 16 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 21 submissions. The topics covered include studies and tools to improve road traffic, energy consumption, logistics, frameworks to provide new services and take decisions in a holistic way, driving assistance, electric vehicles, public transport, and surveys on smart city concepts.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Logic Programming and Nonmonotonic Reasoning, LPNMR 2017, held in Espoo, Finland, in July 2017. The 16 full papers and 11 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 47 submissions. The book also contains 4 invited talks. The papers were organized in topical sections named: nonmonotonic reasoning; answer set programming; LPNMR systems; and LPNMR applications.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Application and Theory of Petri Nets and Concurrency, PETRI NETS 2017, held in Zaragoza, Spain, in June 2017. Petri Nets 2017 is co-located with the Application of Concurrency to System Design Conference, ACSD 2017. The 16 papers, 9 theory papers, 4 application papers, and 3 tool papers, with 1 short abstract and 3 extended abstracts of invited talks presented together in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 33 submissions. The focus of the conference is on following topics: Simulation of Colored Petri Nets, Petri Net Tools.- Model Checking, Liveness and Opacity, Stochastic Petri Nets, Specific Net Classes, and Petri Nets for Pathways.