This volume contains the papers which have been accepted for presentation atthe Third International Symposium on Programming Language Implementation andLogic Programming (PLILP '91) held in Passau, Germany, August 26-28, 1991. The aim of the symposium was to explore new declarative concepts, methods and techniques relevant for the implementation of all kinds of programming languages, whether algorithmic or declarative ones. The intention was to gather researchers from the fields of algorithmic programming languages as well as logic, functional and object-oriented programming. This volume contains the two invited talks given at the symposium by H. Ait-Kaci and D.B. MacQueen, 32 selected papers, and abstracts of several system demonstrations. The proceedings of PLILP '88 and PLILP '90 are available as Lecture Notes in Computer Science Volumes 348 and 456.

The algebraic specification of abstract data types is now a well establishedresearch topic in computer science. This area influences both applications and theoretical foundations of methodologies which support the design and formal development of reliable software. The Seventh Workshop on Specification of Abstract Data Types took place in Wusterhausen/Dosse, April17-20, 1990, and was organized in cooperation with the ESPRIT Basic Research Working Group COMPASS. The main topics covered by the workshop were: - Modularization - Object orientation - Higher-order types anddependent types - Inductive completion - Algebraic high-level nets.

This is the first book entirely dedicated to the problem of memory management in programming language implementation. Its originality stems from the diversity of languages and approaches presented: functional programming, logic programming, object oriented programming, and parallel and sequential programming. The book contains 29 selected and refereed papers including 3 survey papers, 4 on distributed systems, 4 on parallelism, 4 on functional languages, 3 on logic programming languages, 3 on object oriented languages, 3 on incremental garbage collection, 2 on improving locality, 2 on massively parallel architectures, and an invited paper on the thermodynamics of garbage collection. The book provides a snapshot of the latest research in the domain of memory management for high-level programming language implementations.

Over the last few years, object-oriented programming has been recognized as the best way currently available of structuring software systems. It emphasizes grouping together data and the operations performed on them, encapsulating the whole behind a clean interface, and organizing the resulting entities in a hierarchy based on specialization in functionality. In this way it provides excellent support for the construction of large systems. Up to now, there has been relatively little effort to develop formal theories of object-oriented programming. However, for the field to mature, a more formal understanding of the basic concepts of object-oriented programming is necessary. This volume presents the proceedings of the School/Workshop on Foundations of Object-Oriented Programming (FOOL) held in Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands, May 28 - June 1, 1990. The workshop was an activity of the project REX (Research and Education in Concurrent Systems).

This volume is a collection of papers on topics focused around concurrency, based on research work presented at the UK/Japan Workshop held at Wadham College, Oxford, September 25-27, 1989. The volume is organized into four parts: - Papers on theoretical aspects of concurrency which reflect strong research activities in the UK, including theories on CCS and temporal logic RDL. - Papers on object orientation and concurrent languages which reflect major research activities on concurrency in Japan. The languages presented include extensions of C, Prolog and Lisp as well as object-based concurrent languages. - Papers on parallel architectures and VLSI logic, including a rewrite rule machine, a graph rewriting machine, and a dataflow architecture. - An overview of the workshop including the abstracts of the talks and the list of participants. The appendix gives a brief report of the first UK/Japan Workshop in Computer Science, held at Sendai, Japan, July 6-9, 1987.

The emergence of new paradigms for data management raises a variety of exciting challenges. An important goal of database theory is to answer these challenges by providing sound foundations for the development of the field. This volume contains the papers selected for the third International Conference on Database Theory, ICDT'90. The conferences in this series are held biannually in beautiful European cities, Rome in 1986 and Bruges in 1988 with proceedings published as volumes 234 and 326 in the same series. ICDT'90 was organized in Paris by the Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et Automatique. The conference features 2 invited presentations and 31 papers selected from 129 submissions. The papers describe original ideas and new results on the foundations of databases, knowledge bases, object-oriented databases, relational theory, transaction management, data structures and deductive databases. The volume offers a good overview of the state of the art and the current trends in database theory. It should be a valuable source of information for researchers interested in the field.

Currently, the field of information systems technology is rapidly extending into several dimensions. There is the semantic dimension (including object orientation, data deduction and extended knowledge representation schemes), there is improved systems integration, and there are new tools. All these extensions aim to provide semantically richer and better engineered information systems that allow for more adequate and complete representations and thus extend the effective use of database technology to a wider class of applications. Database researchers and developers, whether they are committed to application or to system construction, are convinced that next-generation information system technology will be heavily determined by a handful of new concepts that they have to understand and work out in detail now. This volume concentrates on the following topics: - Extended data types and data models, database programming languages; - Rule-based data deduction, expert systems, knowledge bases; - Object orientation and semantic data modelling; - DB application development, methodologies and tools; - Interface technology, parallelism, interoperability, ...; - New database applications.

This volume presents the proceedings of the 1991 Symposium on Mathematical Fundamentals of Database and Knowledge Base Systems, held in Rostock, FRG, May 6-9, 1991. This is the third in a series of biannual MFDBS conferences, which in future will be held together with ICDT, the International Conference on Database Theory. MFDBS 91 covers new developments in theoretical aspects of database and knowledge base systems and the design of databases and knowledge bases. Topics of the conference are: database and knowledge base models; deductive database and knowledge base systems; logical, algebraic and combinatorial fundamentals of database theory and design of databases; object-oriented databases and object-oriented modeling; fundamentals of query languages, transaction processing, distributed databases, concurrency control, access strategies, recovery, security, privacy, safety; fundamentals for integrity constraints and consistency in databases; models for database machines; models for user interfaces; design and implementation of non-standard databases.

The approach described in [JonSl, JonS3a, JonS3b] set out to extend operation decom- position methods for sequential programs - such as are used in VDM [Jon90] - to cover concurrent shared-variable systems. The essential step in [JonSl] was to recognise that 1 inter/erence had to be specified. This is necessary in order to achieve a notion of compo- sitionality - contrast [Owi75]. Rather than the many erudite definitions of composition- ality (e. g. [ZwiSS]), the view taken here is that, when a development task is decomposed into sub-tasks, these must be simpler than the original 'task. This is easy to achieve for sequential programs: decomposing a specified operation S into (Sl; S2), the specifica- tions of the Sj should neither include unnecessary information from each other nor from the context (i. e. S). An interesting discussion of the 'Quest for Compositionality' (in the context of concurrency) is contained in [dRS5, dRS6]. The rely/guarantee idea provided an existence proof that specifications and developments could be made powerful enough to cope with some forms of interference. The work initially attracted little attention but 2 3 there have recently been some critiques and attempts to extend the work * Most notably, Ketil St~len's thesis [St~90] addresses the main shortcomings of [JonSl]: the fact that no attempt had been made to handle synchronization has been remedied by adding a wait condition and other limitations of expressiveness have been shown to succumb to the judicious use of auxiliary variables.

ECOOP '91 is the fifth annual European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming. From their beginning, the ECOOP conferences have been very successful as a forum of high scientific quality where the newest devel- opments connected to object-oriented programming and related areas could be presented and discussed. Over the last few years object-oriented technology has gained widespread use and considerable popularity. In parallel with this, the field has matured scientifically, but there is still a lot of room for new ideas and for hot debates over fundamental issues, as these proceedings show. The 22 papers in this volume were selected by the programme committee from 129 submissions. Important issues discussed in the contributions are language design, specification, databases, concurrency types and software development.

This volume contains a selection of papers presented at the Seventh Logic Programming Conference that took place in Tokyo, April 11-14, 1988. It is the successor to the previous conference proceedings published as Lecture Notes in Computer Science Volumes 221, 264 and 315. The book covers various aspects of logic programming such as foundations, programming languages/systems, concurrent programming, knowledge bases, applications of computer-aided reasoning and natural language processing. The papers on foundations present theoretical results on "narrowing," a proof strategy for proving properties of Prolog programs based on inductionless induction and several issues in nonmonotonic reasoning. Of special interest to mathematicians is the paper on computer-aided reasoning, which describes a system for assisting human reasoning. Natural language application papers treat the lexical analysis of Japanese sentences, a system that generates a summary of a given sentence and a new knowledge representation formalism suited for representing dynamic behavior by extending the frame system.

This monograph reports the development of an approach to computer-aided control system design (CACSD). Of primary concern is the quality of cooperation between the designer and his computer. The designer is suggested to treat a CACSD problem as a search problem, in which he and the computer cooperate to locate satisfactory designs among sets of candidates. Interactive Multi-Objective Programming (IMOP) is employed to define the level of abstraction as well as the organization of the design facilities in the computer.

The papers included in this volume were presented at the Conference on Mathematics of Program Construction held from June 26 to 30, 1989. The conference was organized by the Department of Computing Science, Groningen University, The Netherlands, at the occasion of the University's 375th anniversary. The creative inspiration of the modern computer has led to the development of new mathematics, the mathematics of program construction. Initially concerned with the posterior verification of computer programs, the mathematics have now matured to the point where they are actively being used for the discovery of elegant solutions to new programming problems. Initially concerned specifically with imperative programming, the application of mathematical methodologies is now established as an essential part of all programming paradigms - functional, logic and object-oriented programming, modularity and type structure etc. Initially concerned with software only, the mathematics are also finding fruit in hardware design so that the traditional boundaries between the two disciplines have become blurred. The varieties of mathematics of program construction are wide-ranging. They include calculi for the specification of sequential and concurrent programs, program transformation and analysis methodologies, and formal inference systems for the construction and analysis of programs. The mathematics of specification, implementation and analysis have become indispensable tools for practical programming.

This volume presents the proceedings of a conference on programming and programming languages. It contains original research contributions addressing fundamental issues and important developments in the design, specification and implementation of programming languages and systems. Topics include: - Program development: specification, methodology, tools, environments; - Programming language concepts: types, data abstraction, parallelism, real-time; - Language implementation techniques: compilers, interpreters, abstract machine design, optimization; - Programs as data objects: abstract interpretation, program transformation, partial evaluation; - Programming styles: imperative, functional, predicative, object-oriented.

Apple Watch is the sort of science-fiction gadget that people used to dream about as kids. What kinds of apps do you envision for this new device? If you're comfortable using OS X, Xcode, and iOS-and familiar with Swift-this concise book shows you the basics of building your own apps for this wrist-mounted computer with Apple's WatchKit framework. You'll learn what an Apple Watch is, what it isn't, and how and why people might interact with apps you build for it. This practical guide also examines the type of apps most suitable for this device, and shows you how to be a good citizen in the iOS/Watch ecosystem. Learn the Watch app lifecycle, and understand how these apps interact with the user's iPhone Build a Watch app and its iOS counterpart by adding controls, working with multiple screens, and sharing data Design a simple glance, the non-interactive Watch component that provides quick-look information Add functionality to the notification system, including actionable items, and display them on the Watch face Design and build complications, Watch-face gadgets that can display quick snapshots of information, including future events with Time Travel

Accessible VBA coding for complex financial modelling How to Implement Market Models Using VBA makes solving complex valuation issues accessible to any financial professional with a taste for mathematics. With a focus on the clarity of code, this practical introductory guide includes chapters on VBA fundamentals and essential mathematical techniques, helping readers master the numerical methods to build an algorithm that can be used in a wide range of pricing problems. Coverage includes general algorithms, vanilla instruments, multi-asset instruments, yield curve models, interest rate exotics, and more, guiding readers thoroughly through pricing in the capital markets area. The companion website (http://implementmodinvba.com/) features additional VBA code and algorithmic techniques, and the interactive blog provides a forum for discussion of code with programmers and financial engineers, giving readers insight into the different applications and customisations possible for even more advanced problem solving. Financial engineers implement models from a mathematical representation of an asset's performance by building a program that performs a valuation of securities based on this asset. How to Implement Market Models Using VBA makes this technical process understandable, with well-explained algorithms, VBA code, and accessible theoretical explanations. * Decide which numerical method to use in which scenario * Identify the necessary building blocks of an algorithm * Write clear, functional VBA code for a variety of problems * Apply algorithms to different instruments and models Designed for finance professionals, this book brings more accurate modelling within reach for anyone with interest in the market. For clearer code, patient explanation, and practical instruction, How to Implement Market Models Using VBA is an essential introductory guide.

• Capturing a wealth of experience about the design of object-oriented software, four top-notch designers present a catalog of simple and succinct solutions to commonly occurring design problems. Previously undocumented, these 23 patterns allow designers to create more flexible, elegant, and ultimately reusable designs without having to rediscover the design solutions themselves.
• The authors begin by describing what patterns are and how they can help you design object-oriented software. They then go on to systematically name, explain, evaluate, and catalog recurring designs in object-oriented systems. With Design Patterns as your guide, you will learn how these important patterns fit into the software development process, and how you can leverage them to solve your own design problems most efficiently.

This practical guide provides a complete introduction to developing network programs with Java. You'll learn how to use Java's network class library to quickly and easily accomplish common networking tasks such as writing multithreaded servers, encrypting communications, broadcasting to the local network, and posting data to server-side programs. Author Elliotte Rusty Harold provides complete working programs to illustrate the methods and classes he describes. This thoroughly revised fourth edition covers REST, SPDY, asynchronous I/O, and many other recent technologies. Explore protocols that underlie the Internet, such as TCP/IP and UDP/IP Learn how Java's core I/O API handles network input and output Discover how the InetAddress class helps Java programs interact with DNS Locate, identify, and download network resources with Java's URI and URL classes Dive deep into the HTTP protocol, including REST, HTTP headers, and cookies Write servers and network clients, using Java's low-level socket classes Manage many connections at the same time with the nonblocking I/O

The text focuses on the basics of Python programming fundamentals and introduction to present-day applications in technology and the upcoming state-of-art trends in a comprehensive manner. The text is based on Python 3.x and it covers the fundamentals of Python with object-oriented concepts having numerous worked-out examples. It provides a learning tool for the students of beginner level as well as for researchers of advanced level. Each chapter contains additional examples that explain the usage of methods/functions discussed in the chapter. It provides numerous programming examples along with their outputs. The book: Includes programming tips to highlight the important concepts and help readers avoid common programming errors Provides programming examples along with their outputs to ensure the correctness and help readers in mastering the art of writing efficient Python programs Contains MCQs with their answers; conceptual questions and programming questions; and solutions to some selected programming questions, for every chapter Discusses applications like time zone converter and password generators at the end Covers fundamental of Python up to object oriented concepts including regular expression The book offers a simple and lucid treatment of concepts supported with illustrations for easy understanding, provides numerous programming examples along with their outputs, and includes programming tips to highlight the important concepts. It will be a valuable resource for senior undergraduate, graduate students, and professionals in the fields of electrical engineering, electronics and communication engineering, and computer engineering.

Developed in the context of science and engineering applications, with each abstraction motivated by and further honed by specific application needs, Charm++ is a production-quality system that runs on almost all parallel computers available. Parallel Science and Engineering Applications: The Charm++ Approach surveys a diverse and scalable collection of science and engineering applications, most of which are used regularly on supercomputers by scientists to further their research. After a brief introduction to Charm++, the book presents several parallel CSE codes written in the Charm++ model, along with their underlying scientific and numerical formulations, explaining their parallelization strategies and parallel performance. These chapters demonstrate the versatility of Charm++ and its utility for a wide variety of applications, including molecular dynamics, cosmology, quantum chemistry, fracture simulations, agent-based simulations, and weather modeling. The book is intended for a wide audience of people in academia and industry associated with the field of high performance computing. Application developers and users will find this book interesting as an introduction to Charm++ and to developing parallel applications in an asynchronous message-driven model. It will also be a useful reference for undergraduate and graduate courses in computer science and other engineering disciplines. Courses devoted to parallel programming and writing of parallel CSE applications will benefit from this book.

Oil spills are a serious marine disaster. Oil spill accidents usually occur in shipping, ports and offshore oil development. Although most are emergent events, once an oil spill occurs, it will cause great harm to the marine ecological environment, and bring direct harm to the economic development along the affected coast as well as to human health and public safety. Information Engineering of Emergency Treatment for Marine Oil Spill Accidents analyzes the causes of these accidents, introduces China's emergency response system, discusses technologies such as remote sensing and monitoring of oil spill on the sea surface and oil fingerprint identification, studies model prediction of marine oil spill behavior and fate and emergency treatment technologies for oil spills on the sea surface, and emphatically introduces the emergency prediction and warning system for oil spills in the Bohai Sea as well as oil spill-sensitive resources and emergency resource management systems. Features: The status quo and causes of marine oil spill pollution, as well as hazards of oil spill on the sea. The emergency response system for marine oil spills. Model-based prediction methods of marine oil spills. A series of used and developing emergency treatments of oil spill on the sea. This book serves as a reference for scientific investigators who want to understand the key technologies for emergency response to marine oil spill accidents, including the current level and future development trend of China in this field.

Foreword by Kent Beck ""The authors of this book have led a revolution in the craft of programming by controlling the environment in which software grows." "--Ward Cunningham" """At last, a book suffused with code that exposes the deep symbiosis between TDD and OOD. This one's a keeper." "--Robert C. Martin ""If you want to be an expert in the state of the art in TDD, you need to understand the ideas in this book."--"Michael Feathers Test-Driven Development (TDD) is now an established technique for delivering better software faster. TDD is based on a simple idea: Write tests for your code before you write the code itself. However, this "simple" idea takes skill and judgment to do well. Now there's a practical guide to TDD that takes you beyond the basic concepts. Drawing on a decade of experience building real-world systems, two TDD pioneers show how to let tests guide your development and "grow" software that is coherent, reliable, and maintainable. Steve Freeman and Nat Pryce describe the processes they use, the design principles they strive to achieve, and some of the tools that help them get the job done. Through an extended worked example, you'll learn how TDD works at multiple levels, using tests to drive the features and the object-oriented structure of the code, and using Mock Objects to discover and then describe relationships between objects. Along the way, the book systematically addresses challenges that development teams encounter with TDD--from integrating TDD into your processes to testing your most difficult features. Coverage includes - Implementing TDD effectively: getting started, and maintaining your momentum throughout the project- Creating cleaner, more expressive, more sustainable code- Using tests to stay relentlessly focused on sustaining quality - Understanding how TDD, Mock Objects, and Object-Oriented Design come together in the context of a real software development project- Using Mock Objects to guide object-oriented designs- Succeeding where TDD is difficult: managing complex test data, and testing persistence and concurrency