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Books > Academic & Education > Professional & Technical > Optics
As data transfer rates increase within the magnetic recording
industry, improvements in device performance and reliability
crucially depend on the thorough understanding of nonlinear
magnetization dynamics at a sub-nanoscale level.
This book offers a modern, stimulating approach to the subject of
nonlinear magnetization dynamics by discussing important aspects
such as the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation, analytical
solutions, and the connection between the general topological and
structural aspects of dynamics.
An advanced reference for the study and understanding of nonlinear
magnetization dynamics, it addresses situations such as the
understanding of spin dynamics in short time scales and device
performance and reliability in magnetic recording. Topics covered
include nonlinear magnetization dynamics and the
Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation, nonlinear dynamical systems, spin
waves, ferromagnetic resonance and pulsed magnetization switching.
The book explains how to derive exact analytical solutions for the
complete nonlinear problem and emphasises the connection between
the general topological and structural aspects of nonlinear
magnetization dynamics and the discretization schemes better suited
to its numerical study. It is an exceptional research tool
providing an advanced understanding of the study of magnetization
dynamics in situations of fundamental and technological interest.
Readers will use this knowledge to develop the required techniques
for design, installation and maintenance of their own fiber optic
systems.
* Ideal for those with some background in communications but
without previous knowledge of fiber optics
* Provides a comprehensive treatment of the fundamentals of fiber
optic systems and their individual components
* Places emphasis on practical techniques of component installation
and system design
The first book on optical OFDM by the leading pioneers in the
fieldThe only book to cover error correction codes for optical
OFDMGives applications of OFDM to free-space communications,
optical access networks, and metro and log haul transports show
optical OFDM can be implementedContains introductions to signal
processing for optical engineers and optical communication
fundamentals for wireless engineers
This book gives a coherent and comprehensive introduction to the
fundamentals of OFDM signal processing, with a distinctive focus on
its broad range of applications. It evaluates the architecture,
design and performance of a number of OFDM variations, discusses
coded OFDM, and gives a detailed study of error correction codes
for access networks, 100 Gb/s Ethernet and future optical
networks.
The emerging applications of optical OFDM, including single-mode
fiber transmission, multimode fiber transmission, free space
optical systems, and optical access networks are examined, with
particular attention paid to passive optical networks,
radio-over-fiber, WiMAX and UWB communications.
Written by two of the leading contributors to the field, this
book will be a unique reference for optical communications
engineers and scientists. Students, technical managers and telecom
executives seeking to understand this new technology for
future-generation optical networks will find the book
invaluable.
William Shieh is an associate professor and reader in the
electrical and electronic engineering department, The University of
Melbourne, Australia. He received his M.S. degree in electrical
engineering and Ph.D. degree in physics both from University of
Southern California.
Ivan Djordjevic is an Assistant Professor of Electrical and
Computer Engineering at the University of Arizona, Tucson, where he
directs the Optical Communications Systems Laboratory (OCSL). His
current research interests include optical networks, error control
coding, constrained coding, coded modulation, turbo equalization,
OFDM applications, and quantum error correction.
"This wonderful book is the first one to address the rapidly
emerging optical OFDM field. Written by two leading researchers in
the field, the book is structured to comprehensively cover any
optical OFDM aspect one could possibly think of, from the most
fundamental to the most specialized. The book adopts a coherent
line of presentation, while striking a thoughtful balance between
the various topics, gradually developing the optical-physics and
communication-theoretic concepts required for deep comprehension of
the topic, eventually treating the multiple optical OFDM methods,
variations and applications. In my view this book will remain
relevant for many years to come, and will be increasingly accessed
by graduate students, accomplished researchers as well as
telecommunication engineers and managers keen to attain a
perspective on the emerging role of OFDM in the evolution of
photonic networks." -- "Prof.Moshe Nazarathy, EE Dept., Technion,
Israel Institute of Technology"
* The first book on optical OFDM by the leading pioneers in the
field
* The only book to cover error correction codes for optical
OFDM
* Applications of OFDM to free-space communications, optical access
networks, and metro and log haul transports show optical OFDM can
be implemented
* An introduction to signal processing for optical
communications
* An introduction to optical communication fundamentals for the
wireless engineer"
This book is a comprehensive contributed volume that aims to
describe and explain the design, fabrication, operating
characteristics, and specific applications of the most popular and
useful types of specialty optical fibers. These "specialty fibers"
include any kind of optical fiber that has been architecturally
manipulated to diverge from a conventional structure. For instance,
metal-coated fibers can be utilized for bandwidth improvement, and
hollow core fibers offer more controllable dispersion for sensitive
medical procedures.
Applications for these specialty fibers abound in the biomedical,
sensors, and industrial fields, as well as in more traditional
communications capacities. This book will act as a specialty fiber
"guided tour," hosted by the top names in the discipline. The
globally renowned editors, Drs. Mendez and Morse, have extensive
experience in research, academia, and industry.
*Completely covers biomedical and industrial sensor technology with
emphasis on real world applications
*Comparative studies of pros and cons of all fiber types with
relation to test and measurement, mechanical properties and
strength, and reliability
*Easy to access essential facts and details at the begining of each
chapter
Optical interferometry is used in communications, medical imaging,
astonomy, and structural measurement. With the use of an
interferometer engineers and scientists are able to complete
surface inspections of micromachined surfaces and semiconductors.
Medical technicians are able to give more consise diagnoses with
the employ of interferometers in microscopy, spectroscopy, and
coherent tomography.
Originating from a one-day course, this material was expanded to
serve as an introduction to the topic for engineers and scientists
that have little optical knowledge but a need for more in their
daily work lives. The need for interferometry knowledge has crossed
the boundaries of engineering fields and Dr. Hariharan has written
a book that answers the questions that new practitioners to
interferometry have and haven't even thought of yet. This new
edition includes complete updates of all material with an emphasis
on applications. It also has new chapters on white-light microsopy
and interference with single photons.
*Outstanding introduction to the world of optical interferometry
with summaries at the begining and end of each chapter, several
appendices with essential information, and worked numerical
problems
*Practical details enrich understanding for readers new to this
material
*New chapters on white-light microscopy for medical imaging and
interference with single photons(quantum optics)
Ultrashort Laser Pulse Phenomena serves as an introduction to the
phenomena of ultrashort laser pulses and describes how this
technology can be applied in areas such as spectroscopy, medical
imaging, electromagnetism, optics, and quantum physics. Combining
the principles with experimental techniques, the book serves as a
guide to designing and constructing femtosecond systems.
The second edition has updated and expanded its content, and
includes more examples of ultrashort sources and a more
comprehensive fundamentals chapter. Diagnostic techniques and
applications involving sensors, mode-locked lasers, and imaging
have been fully revised to include current technologies.
Written in a tutorial style, this book is suitable for senior
undergraduate and graduate students as well as engineers and
scientists working in the areas of optics, spectroscopy, optical
imaging, photochemistry, and ultrafast science and engineering.
*Provides an easy to follow guide through "faster than electronics"
probing and detection methods
*THE manual on designing and constructing femtosecond systems and
experiments
*Discusses essential technology for applications in
micro-machining, femtochemistry, and medical imaging
Optical technology is essential to communications and medical
technology. K.K. Sharma has written a comprehensive volume on
optics. Beginning with introductory ideas and equations, Sharma
takes the reader through the world of optics detailing problems
encountered, advanced subjects, and actual applications. Elegantly
written, this book rigorously examines optics with over 300
illustrations and several problems in each chapter. The book begins
with light propagation in anisotropic media considered much later
in most books. Sharma has started with this because it provides a
more general and beautiful example of light propagation.
Nearly one third of the book deals with applications of optics.
This simple idea of merging the sometimes overwhelming and dry
subject of optics with real world applications will create better
future engineers. It will make 'optics' jump off the page for
readers and they will see it take shape in the world around them.
In presenting optics practically, as well as theoretically, readers
will come away not only with a complete knowledge base but a
context in which to place it.
FOR INSTRUCTORS: To obtain access to the solutions manual for this
title simply register on our textbook website
(textbooks.elsevier.com)and request access to the Electronics and
Electrical Engineering subject area. Once approved (usually within
one business day) you will be able to access all of the
instructor-only materials through the "Instructor Manual" link on
this book's academic web page at textbooks.elsevier.com.
*Strong emphasis on applications to demonstrate the relevance of
the theory
*Includes chapter on problem solving of ray deviations, focusing
errors, anddistortion
*Problems are included at the end of each chapter for thorough
understanding of this dense subject matter
This book is a MUST for everyone in and around the optics
community!
"Fiber Optic Essentials" provides professionals and students new to
the field of fiber optics with a high-level knowledge of
principles, theories and applications. This primer can also be used
as a succinct overview of optics for those with some engineering
and physics background. Individuals involved with optics in
non-traditional capacities such as in marketing and legal
departments will find this volume introduces basic concepts
completely in an easy to read format.
Casimer and Carolyn DeCusatis have provided a concise resource with
compact chapters and minimal equations conveying this complex topic
in a straightforward and clear-cut style. Included in this book are
chapters on fibers, cables, connectors, transmitters, modulators,
noise, and optical link design. Concluding this reference are three
indispensable appendices covering extensive definitions, acronyms
(including initials and commonly used slang), measurement
conversions and physical constants. This author team has produced a
book that has truly shed light on this difficult subject.
* Comprehensively covers basic fiber optic 'facts'
* Explains how optics relate to everyday life
* Details fiber optic communication standards
* Chapter included on medical applications
* Timeline traces the history of optics with major milestones
Optoelectronics has become an important part of our lives. Wherever
light is used to transmit information, tiny semiconductor devices
are needed to transfer electrical current into optical signals and
vice versa. Examples include light emitting diodes in radios and
other appliances, photodetectors in elevator doors and digital
cameras, and laser diodes that transmit phone calls through glass
fibers. Such optoelectronic devices take advantage of sophisticated
interactions between electrons and light. Nanometer scale
semiconductor structures are often at the heart of modern
optoelectronic devices. Their shrinking size and increasing
complexity make computer simulation an important tool to design
better devices that meet ever rising perfomance requirements. The
current need to apply advanced design software in optoelectronics
follows the trend observed in the 1980's with simulation software
for silicon devices. Today, software for technology computer-aided
design (TCAD) and electronic design automation (EDA) represents a
fundamental part of the silicon industry. In optoelectronics,
advanced commercial device software has emerged recently and it is
expected to play an increasingly important role in the near future.
This book will enable students, device engineers, and researchers
to more effectively use advanced design software in
optoelectronics.
* Provides fundamental knowledge in semiconductor physics and in
electromagnetics, while helping to understand and use advanced
device simulation software
* Demonstrates the combination of measurements and simulations in
order to obtain realistic results and provides data on all required
material parameters
* Gives deep insight into the physics of state-of-the-art devices
and helps to design and analyze of modern optoelectronic devices
This book provides a unified treatment of the characteristics of
telescopes of all types, both those whose performance is set by
geometrical aberrations and the effect of the atmosphere, and those
diffraction-limited telescopes designed for observations from above
the atmosphere. The emphasis throughout is on basic principles,
such as Fermat's principle, and their application to optical
systems specifically designed to image distant celestial
sources.
The book also contains thorough discussions of the principles
underlying all spectroscopic instrumentation, with special emphasis
on grating instruments used with telescopes. An introduction to
adaptive optics provides the needed background for further inquiry
into this rapidly developing area.
* Geometrical aberration theory based on Fermat's
principle
* Diffraction theory and transfer function approach to near-perfect
telescopes
* Thorough discussion of 2-mirror telescopes, including
misalignments
* Basic principles of spectrometry; grating and echelle
instruments
* Schmidt and other catadioptric telescopes
* Principles of adaptive optics
* Over 220 figures and nearly 90 summary tables
Now in its third edition, this classic text covers many aspects of
infrared and Raman spectroscopy that are critical to the chemist
doing structural or compositional analysis. This work includes
practical and theoretical approaches to spectral interpretation as
well as a discussion of experimental techniques. Emphasis is given
to group frequencies, which are studied in detailed discussions,
extensive tables, and over 600 carefully chosen and interpreted
spectral examples. Also featured is a unique treatment of group
frequencies that stresses their mechanical origin. This qualitative
approach to vibrational analysis helps to simplify spectral
interpretation.
Additional topics include basic instrumental components and
sampling techniques, quantitative analysis, Raman polarization
data, infrared gas contours, and polarized IR studies, among
others.
Key Features
* Focuses on group frequency correlations and how to use them in
spectral interpretation
* Revised and updated by a pioneer in the field, Norman Colthup,
who for thirty years has served as an expert lecturer for the Fisk
Infrared Institute
* Explores new group frequency studies in aromatics, alkanes and
olefins, among others
* Includes completely updated section on instrumentation
New possibilities have recently emerged for producing optical beams
with complex and intricate structures, and for the non-contact
optical manipulation of matter. This book fully describes the
electromagnetic theory, optical properties, methods and
applications associated with this new technology. Detailed
discussions are given of unique beam characteristics, such as
optical vortices and other wavefront structures, the associated
phase properties and photonic aspects, along with applications
ranging from cold atom manipulation to optically driven
micromachines.
Features include:
* Comprehensive and authoritative treatments of the latest research
in this area of nanophotonics, written by the leading researchers
* Accounts of numerous microfluidics, nanofabrication, quantum
informatics and optical manipulation applications
* Coverage that fully spans the subject area, from fundamental
theory and simulations to experimental methods and results
Graduate students and established researchers in academia, national
laboratories and industry will find this book an invaluable guide
to the latest technologies in this rapidly developing field.
*Comprehensive and definitive source of the latest research in
nanotechnology written by the leading people in the field
*From theory to applications - all is presented in detail
*Editor is Chair of the SPIE Nanotechnology Technical Group and is
leading the way in generation and manipulation of complex beams
Thoroughly revised and expanded to reflect the substantial changes
in the field since its publication in 1978Strong emphasis on how to
effectively use software design packages, indispensable to today s
lens designerMany new lens design problems and examples - ranging
from simple lenses to complex zoom lenses and mirror systems - give
insight for both the newcomer and specialist in the field
Rudolf Kingslake is regarded as the American father of lens
design; his book, not revised since its publication in 1978, is
viewed as a classic in the field. Naturally, the area has developed
considerably since the book was published, the most obvious changes
being the availability of powerful lens design software packages,
theoretical advances, and new surface fabrication technologies.
This book provides the skills and knowledge to move into the
exciting world of contemporary lens design and develop practical
lenses needed for the great variety of 21st-century applications.
Continuing to focus on fundamental methods and procedures of lens
design, this revision by R. Barry Johnson of a classic modernizes
symbology and nomenclature, improves conceptual clarity, broadens
the study of aberrations, enhances discussion of multi-mirror
systems, adds tilted and decentered systems with eccentric pupils,
explores use of aberrations in the optimization process, enlarges
field flattener concepts, expands discussion of image analysis,
includes many new exemplary examples to illustrate concepts, and
much more.
Optical engineers working in lens design will find this book an
invaluable guide to lens design in traditional and emerging areas
of application; it is also suited to advanced undergraduate or
graduate course in lens design principles and as a self-learning
tutorial and reference for the practitioner.
Rudolf Kingslake (1903-2003) was a founding faculty member of
the Institute of Optics at The University of Rochester (1929) and
remained teaching until 1983. Concurrently, in 1937 he became head
of the lens design department at Eastman Kodak until his retirement
in 1969. Dr. Kingslake published numerous papers, books, and was
awarded many patents. He was a Fellow of SPIE and OSA, and an OSA
President (1947-48). He was awarded the Progress Medal from SMPTE
(1978), the Frederic Ives Medal (1973), and the Gold Medal of SPIE
(1980).
R. Barry Johnson has been involved for over 40 years in lens
design, optical systems design, and electro-optical systems
engineering. He has been a faculty member at three academic
institutions engaged in optics education and research, co-founder
of the Center for Applied Optics at the University of Alabama in
Huntsville, employed by a number of companies, and provided
consulting services. Dr. Johnson is an SPIE Fellow and Life Member,
OSA Fellow, and an SPIE President (1987). He published numerous
papers and has been awarded many patents. Dr. Johnson was founder
and Chairman of the SPIE Lens Design Working Group (1988-2002), is
an active Program Committee member of the International Optical
Design Conference, and perennial co-chair of the annual SPIE
Current Developments in Lens Design and Optical Engineering
Conference.
Thoroughly revised and expanded to reflect the substantial changes
in the field since its publication in 1978Strong emphasis on how to
effectively use software design packages, indispensable to today s
lens designerMany new lens design problems and examples - ranging
from simple lenses to complex zoom lenses and mirror systems - give
insight for both the newcomer and specialist in the field"
Nonlinear optics is the study of the interaction of intense laser
light with matter. The third edition of this textbook has been
rewritten to conform to the standard SI system of units and
includes comprehensively updated material on the latest
developments in the field.
The book introduces the entire field of optical physics and
specifically the area of nonlinear optics. It focuses on the
fundamental issues including the electromagnetic origin of optical
phenomena, the quantum mechanical description of the optical
properties of matter, the role of spatial symmetries in determining
the optical response, causality and Kramers Kronig relations, and
ultrafast and high intensity optical effects. The book also covers
applied aspects of nonlinear optics such as harmonic generation,
the operation of parametric oscillators, optical switching,
photonics, materials issues in nonlinear optics, and processes such
as laser damage that can restrict the use of nonlinear optics.
This edition contains new material on:
- Applications of harmonic generation including applications within
the fields of microscopy and biophotonics
- Electromagnetically induced transparency
- Spectroscopy based on coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering
(CARS)
Nonlinear Optics appeals to a wide audience of physics, optics,
and electrical engineering students, as well as to working
researchers and engineers. Those in related fields, such as
materials science and chemistry, will also find this book of
particular interest.
* Presents an introduction to the entire field of optical physics
from the perspective of nonlinear optics.
* Combines first rate pedagogy with a treatment of fundamental
aspects ofnonlinear optics
* Covers all the latest topics and technology in this ever-evolving
industry
* Strong emphasis on the fundamentals
"Fundamentals of Optical Waveguides" is an essential resource for
any researcher, professional or student involved in optics and
communications engineering. Any reader interested in designing or
actively working with optical devices must have a firm grasp of the
principles of lightwave propagation. Katsunari Okamoto has
presented this difficult technology clearly and concisely with
several illustrations and equations. Optical theory encompassed in
this reference includes coupled mode theory, nonlinear optical
effects, finite element method, beam propagation method, staircase
concatenation method, along with several central theorems and
formulas.
Since the publication of the well-received first edition of this
book, planar lightwave circuits and photonic crystal fibers have
fully matured. With this second edition the advances of these
fibers along with other improvements on existing optical
technologies are completely detailed. This comprehensive volume
enables readers to fully analyze, design and simulate optical
atmospheres.
* Exceptional new chapter on Arrayed-Waveguide Grating (AWG)
* In depth discussion of Photonic Crystal Fibers (PCFs)
* Thorough explanation of Multimode Interference Devices
(MMI)
* Full coverage of polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD)
When the first edition of "Optical Interferometry" was published,
interferometry was regarded as a rather esoteric method of making
measurements, largely confined to the laboratory. Today, however,
besides its use in several fields of research, it has applications
in fields as diverse as measurement of length and velocity, sensors
for rotation, acceleration, vibration and electrical and magnetic
fields, as well as in microscopy and nanotechnology.
Most topics are discussed first at a level accessible to anyone
with a basic knowledge of physical optics, then a more detailed
treatment of the topic is undertaken, and finally each topic is
supplemented by a reference list of more than 1000 selected
original publications in total.
* Historical development of interferometry
* The laser as a light source
* Two-beam interference
* Techniques for frequency stabilization
* Coherence
* Electronic phase measurements
* Multiple-beam interference
* Quantum effects in optical interference
* Extensive coverage of the applications of interferometry, such as
measurements of length, optical testing, interference microscopy,
interference spectroscopy, Fourier-transform spectroscopy,
interferometric sensors, nonlinear interferometers, stellar
interferometry, and studies of space-time and gravitation.
Since the 4e appeared, a fast evolution of the field has
occurred. The 5e of this classic work provides an up-to-date
account of the nonlinear phenomena occurring inside optical fibers,
the basis of all our telecommunications infastructure as well as
being used in the medical field.
Reflecting the big developments in research, this new edition
includes major new content: slow light effects, which offers a
reduction in noise and power consumption and more ordered network
traffic-stimulated Brillouin scattering; vectorial treatment of
highly nonlinear fibers; and a brand new chapter on supercontinuum
generation in optical fibers.
Continues to be industry bestseller providing unique source of
comprehensive coverage on the subject of nonlinear fiber optics
Updated coverage of intrapulse Raman scattering, four-wave mixing,
and Harmonic Generation Includes a new chapter excusively devotedto
supercontinuum generation in optical fibers
"
This book provides an in-depth exposition of spin-stand microscopy
of hard disk data which is a new technique recently developed and
extensively tested by the authors of the book. Spin-stand
microscopy is the first magnetic imaging technique where imaging is
performed ex-situ on a rotating disk mounted on a spin-stand. This
technique is one of the fastest scanning-based microscopy
techniques. It is non-invasive and has nano-scale resolution. For
these reasons, it provides unique capabilities for the
visualization of magnetization patterns recorded on hard disks.
This book is self-contained and it covers in sufficient details the
basic facts of magnetic data storage technology, the principles and
theory of spin-stand microscopy, its experimental implementations,
as well as its applications in hard disk diagnostics, imaging of
overwritten patterns, computer forensics of hard disk files, and
data-dependent magnetic thermal relaxations of recorded
magnetization patterns. This book will be a valuable reference for
the magnetic data storage community, magnetic microscopy
professionals as well as engineers and scientists involved in
computer data forensics, commercial data recovery, and the design
of archival data storage systems.
Key features:
- conceptual novelty of the technique and the demonstration of its
wide scope of applications
- detailed exposition of the principles of spin-stand magnetic
microscopy
- comprehensive discussions of novel image reconstruction
techniques
- demonstration of high resolution spin-stand images of hard disk
data
- presentation of sector-by-sector ex-situ forensics of hard disk
files
- extensive studies of data-dependent thermal relaxations of
magnetization patterns recorded on hard disks
Key features:
- conceptual novelty of the technique and the demonstration of its
wide scope of applications
- detailed exposition of the principles of spin-stand magnetic
microscopy
- comprehensive discussions of novel image reconstruction
techniques
- demonstration of high resolution spin-stand images of hard disk
data
- presentation of sector-by-sector ex-situ forensics of hard disk
files
- extensive studies of data-dependent thermal relaxations of
magnetization patterns recorded on hard disks
This book covers a wide range of measurement techniques broadly
referred to as Optical Metrology, with emphasis on their
applications to nondestructive testing. If we look separately at
each of the two terms making the generic name Optical Metrology, we
find a link to two of the most distinctive aspects of humans: a
particularly well developed sense of vision and a desire to
classify things using numbers and rules.
Of all our five senses, vision is certainly the most developed and
the closest to the rational part of our brain. It can be argued
that our memory is strongly dependent on images and the brain is
particularly good at processing the stimuli received from these
images to extract information. Measuring, sizing and counting are,
on the other hand, among the fundamental building blocks of modern
society. The use of abstract quantities like size, value or
intensity has simplified the description of complex enquiry and is
the basis of modern science and economy. Hence, it would seem
natural that the combination of two such basic aspects should
result in the birth of a new field of science. However, it is known
that his has not been the case. Optical Metrology remains
classified as a group of special techniques used mainly in niche
applications. Optical Metrology may be rightly described as an
ensemble of techniques in which fields such as physics, electrical
and mechanical engineering, and computer science merge and blend in
new ways.
This book is intended as a tribute to the career of Professor
Leopold Pflug. By looking back at his lifelong commitment to the
application of optical metrology to the service of engineering
sciences, more particularly devoted to the observation of the real
behavior of structural components, one can retrace the major
revolutions that have taken place in this domain. Starting his
activity in 1971 as the head of the Laboratory for Stress Analysis
at the EPFL in Switzerland, he first employed photoelasticity as a
tool to improve the understanding of the real behavior of complex
structures. However he soon recognized the necessity of working
with the real materials used to build these structures instead of
on replicas made of optically birefringent materials. He then
focussed on the use of moire techniques which sparked his
fascination with laser-based holography and speckle-based methods.
The advent of information technology led him to open up to the use
of ESPI and digital image processing techniques. Finally, in the
mid 1990s he became interested in the use of optical fibers as a
tool for sensing deformations inside structures, not only on their
surfaces as in the case of whole-field methods. It is interesting
to note the parallel in the evolution of optical metrology vis a
vis developments in other fields: the development of lasers led to
holographic interferometry, the availability of frame-grabbers led
to ESPI and the emergence of fiber optic communications opened the
way to the development of fiber optic sensors. This puts in sharp
perspective the strong dependence of optical metrology on the
latest technology for its development. Also interesting to note is
that all fields in optical metrology touched upon by Professor
Pflug are still of great relevance, as shown by the contributions
in this volume.
This book is, however, not intended as a commemoration, rather as
an occasion to review the trends and undercurrents that are driving
the field of optical metrology, with emphasis on nondestructive
testing. All the authors were asked to summarize the recent
achievements in their respective fields and to speculate about the
future. As a result it has become apparent that it is difficult
although not impossible to spot general trends in these disparate
fields. Optical metrology has considerably benefited from some of
the most important innovations of the recent past: lasers,
computers and fiber optics communication, all of which found their
direct inspiration from the developments in the world of
electronics.
In recent years we have also witnessed a shift of power from
states to corporations. This has created the need to produce quick
results useful to industry. Optical nondestructive testing has
certainly adapted to this evolution, and several contributions in
this book show that the researchers in this field understand the
importance of developing technology that can be used by the
industry to solve specific problems. We should also not forget that
optical nondestructive testing is essentially a "service
technology" and should as such not only focus on serving its
clients in the best possible way, but also should continually
emphasize, extend and enhance its services to new users still
unaware of its potential. Hopefully this book will help in
spreading awareness of the potentials of optical metrology and in
focusing on the challenges of the future.
The lens is generally the most expensive and least understood part
of any camera. In this book, Rudolf Kingslake traces the historical
development of the various types of lenses from Daguerre's
invention of photography in 1839 through lenses commonly used
today.
From an early lens still being manufactured for use in low-cost
cameras to designs made possible through such innovations as lens
coating, rare-earth glasses, and computer aided lens design and
testing, the author details each major advance in design and
fabrication. The book explains how and why each new lens type was
developed, and why most of them have since been abandoned. This
authoritative history of lens technology also includes brief
biographies of several outstanding lens designers and manufacturers
of the past.
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