This book is an examination of American army legal proceedings that resulted from a series of moments when soldiers in a war zone crossed a line between performing their legitimate functions and committing crimes against civilians, or atrocities.

Using individual judicial proceedings held within war-time Southeast Asia, Louise Barnett analyses how the American military legal system handled crimes against civilians and determines what these cases reveal about the way that war produces atrocity against civilians. Presenting these atrocities and subsequent trials in a way that considers both the personal and the institutional the author considers how and why atrocity happens, the terrain of justification, and the degree to which the army and American society have been willing to take military crimes against civilians seriously.

Atrocity and American Military Justice in Southeast Asia will be of interest to students, scholars and professionals interested in Military Justice, Military history and Southeast Asian History more generally.

A constant yet oftentimes concealed practice in war has been the use of informers and collaborators by parties to an armed conflict. Despite the prevalence of such activity, and the serious and at times fatal consequences that befall those who collaborate with an enemy, international law applicable in times of armed conflict does not squarely address the phenomenon. The recruitment, use and treatment of informers and other collaborators is addressed only partially and at times indirectly by international humanitarian law. In this book, Shane Darcy examines the development and application of the relevant rules and principles of the laws of armed conflict in relation to collaboration. With a primary focus on international humanitarian law as may be applicable to various forms of collaboration, the book also offers an assessment of the relevance of international human rights law.

Anwendbarkeit des Mediendienstestaatsvertrages oder handelt es sich um Rund funk mit der Folge der Anwendung der Rundfunkgesetzes der Lander? Der zweite Abschnitt behandelt den "Rechtsverkehr im Internet'. Zunachst wird in Kapitel 3 der "Vertragsschluss im Internet" nach deutschem Recht erfasst. In Kapitel 15 ("Electronic Commerce im Internet") und 16 ("Rechtsfragen des In ternet-Vertriebs von Versicherungsdienstleistungen" werden die europaischen Re gelungen - insbesondere aus der Sicht des Verbraucherschutzes - hierzu bereits an tizipiert. Ferner gilt es zu berucksichtigen, dass der Geschaftsverkehr uber das In ternet eine zusatzliche Flankierung durch die Moglichkeit der Abwicklung von "Zahlungsverkehr im Internet' erhalt. Die zahlreichen rechtlichen Probleme, die mit der Verwendung von Cybermoney etc. auftauchen, werden in Kapitel 4 aufge griffen. Das Kapitel 5 behandelt sodann mit dem Thema, Rechtssicherheit im digitalen Rechtsverkehr'' einen zentralen Gesichtspunkt des Rechtsverkehrs. Dabei wird neben dem deutschen Signaturgesetz samt Signaturverordnung auch die eu ropaische Rechtsentwicklung berucksichtigt. Der dritte Abschnitt umfasst "die Rechtsstellung der Beteiligten." Zentral hier fiir ist die Frage nach der Verantwortlichkeit die sowohl den Diensteanbieter Kapi tel 6) als auch den Netzbelreiber (Kapitel 7) betrifft. Die strafrechtliche Perspek tive wird gesondert in Kapitel 18 aufgenommen. Eine in der Praxis immer haufi ger auftretende Frage gilt der Einordnung der "Vertragsgestaltung zwischen den Beteiligten" woruber Kapitel 8 Auskunft gibt."

Ausgehend von dem Veranlassungsprinzip als tatigungsbezogenem Grundprinzip der Abgrenzung und dessen Konkretisierung durch den Fremdvergleichsgrundsatz analysiert die Arbeit die bisherige BFH-Rechtsprechung und diskutiert ausgewahlte Fragestellungen der abkommensrechtlichen Betriebsstattengewinnabgrenzung. Es wird herausgearbeitet, dass sowohl dem Art. 7 OECD-MA als auch den sog. Betriebsstattenvorbehalten ein einheitlicher veranlassungsbasierter Abgrenzungsmassstab zugrunde liegt, der an das spezifisch abkommensrechtliche Verstandnis der Unternehmenstatigkeit anknupft. Nach kommentarahnlicher Darstellung und Diskussion der AEnderungen durch den Authorized OECD Approach (AOA) wird gezeigt, dass auch der dem AOA zugrunde liegende Abgrenzungsmassstab veranlassungsbasiert ist, wenngleich es aufgrund der abweichenden Anknupfung an Personalfunktionen im Einzelfall zu unterschiedlichen Zuordnungsergebnissen kommen kann. Zugleich werden Vorschlage fur einzelne gesetzgeberische Nachbesserungen der Umsetzungsvorschrift des 1 Abs. 5 AStG gemacht.

The study of Islamic law can be a forbidding prospect for those entering the field for the first time. Wael Hallaq, a leading scholar and practitioner of Islamic law, guides students through the intricacies of the subject in this absorbing introduction. The first half of the book is devoted to a discussion of Islamic law in its pre-modern natural habitat. The second part explains how the law was transformed and ultimately dismantled during the colonial period. In the final chapters, the author charts recent developments and the struggles of the Islamists to negotiate changes which have seen the law emerge as a primarily textual entity focused on fixed punishments and ritual requirements. The book, which includes a chronology, a glossary of key terms, and lists of further reading, will be the first stop for those who wish to understand the fundamentals of Islamic law, its practices and history.

This case- and workbook systematically presents all significant case types concerning the law of fair trading by means of recent decisions by Germany's highest courts. It contains examination strategies, solution outlines and descriptive illustrations. This work lends itself ideally not only to exam preparation for the specialized-subject exam but also to the systematic study of the law of fair trading.

Diese Festschrift ist dem langjahrigen Vorsitzenden des VI. Senats des BGH zu seinem Ausscheiden aus dem Amt gewidmet. Der Jubilar ist vor allem bekannt durch seine zahlreichen Veroffentlichungen zum Haftungsrecht und Personlichkeitsrecht."

The formative commentary on the new Civil Code vested with the authority of the code s authors. PD Dr. Jan Thiessen"

The formative commentary on the new Civil Code vested with the authority of the code s authors. PD Dr. Jan Thiessen"

This open access book examines the governance and legal landscape of the global commodity sector. For that purpose, the author conceptualises both Global Commodity Governance (GCG) as well as Transnational Commodity Law (TCL). He defines the key terms of Global Commodity Governance, delineates the underlying legal framework of Transnational Commodity Law, and assesses the effectiveness of Transnational Commodity Law in fostering a functional commodity sector. "Sustainable Commodity Use" is based on a comprehensive analysis of over 250 international agreements, standards, and guiding documents. The author distils the main findings into a conceptualisation of Transnational Commodity Law and provides the reader with a succinct overview of its normative configurations as well as regulatory gaps. Moreover, he elaborates a taxonomy of International Commodity Agreements. In addition, an outline of the normative substance of Transnational Commodity Law features in an appendix to the main text. The author concludes by making concrete suggestions on how rules regulating commodity activities de lege ferenda could and should be designed to improve the effectiveness of law regulating transnational commodity activity. In doing so, he demonstrates the application of the sustainable use principle as the overall objective and purpose of Transnational Commodity Law and discusses International Commodity Agreements as future regulatory instruments. This book may assist lawmakers, practitioners, civil society advocates, and academics worldwide in developing a legal framework for sustainable global commodity activity.

Legal Nurse Consulting Principles and Practices, Fourth Edition, provides foundational knowledge on the specialty nursing practice of legal nurse consulting. Legal nurse consulting is defined, and essential information about the practice is discussed (history, certification, scope and standards of practice, and ethical and liability considerations). The essentials of the law and medical records are explored. Analysis of the various types of legal cases on which legal nurse consultants work is provided, as are other practice areas for legal nurse consultants. The various roles and skills of legal nurse consultants are explored, and the textbook concludes with discussion of the ways in which legal cases are adjudicated. This volume allows nurses to bridge the gap from their clinical experience to the unfamiliar territory of the legal world, with practical advice on topics including tactics for being cross-examined in the courtroom and investigative and analytical techniques for medical records. Individual chapters by subject-matter experts focus on the full range of legal, medical, and business issues that new or experienced legal nurse consultants and nurse experts will encounter in their work. A nuanced look at the realities and complexities of toxic torts, medical malpractice cases, civil rights in correctional healthcare, ERISA and HMO litigation, and other practice areas is offered. Suitable for experienced nurses studying for certification as legal nurse consultants, and for expert witnesses, practitioners seeking to expand their current legal nurse roles, and other healthcare and legal practitioners.

The formative commentary on the new Civil Code vested with the authority of the code s authors. PD Dr. Jan Thiessen"

The formative commentary on the new Civil Code vested with the authority of the code s authors. PD Dr. Jan Thiessen"

This book adds a critical perspective to the legal dialogue on the regulation of 'smart urban mobility'. Mobility is one of the most visible sub-domains of the 'smart city', which has become shorthand for technological advances that influence how cities are structured, public services are fashioned, and citizens coexist. In the urban context, mobility has come under pressure due to a variety of different forces, such as the implementation of new business models (e.g. car and bicycle sharing), the proliferation of alternative methods of transportation (e.g. electric scooters), the emergence of new market players and stakeholders (e.g. internet and information technology companies), and advancements in computer science (in particular due to artificial intelligence). At the same time, demographic changes and the climate crisis increase innovation pressure. In this context law is a seminal factor that both shapes and is shaped by socio-economic and technological change. This book puts a spotlight on recent developments in smart urban mobility from a legal, regulatory, and policy perspective. It considers the implications for the public sector, businesses, and citizens in relation to various areas of public and private law in the European Union, including competition law, intellectual property law, contract law, data protection law, environmental law, public procurement law, and legal philosophy. Chapter 'Location Data as Contractual Counter-Performance: A Consumer Perspective on Recent EU Legislation' of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.

Mediziner, Gesundheitsokonomen, -politiker, Verbraucherschutzer und Juristen diskutieren lebhaft die Entwicklung und Folgen eines expandierenden Systems privat zu finanzierender medizinischer Zusatzleistungen. Vielfach kennen Patienten ihre Rechte bei Individuellen Gesundheitsleistungen (IGeL) nicht. Kritiker befurchten, Arzte nutzten das in sie gesetzte Vertrauen aus, um Patienten allein im finanziellen Eigeninteresse unnutze Leistungen aufzudrangen. Dabei sind IGeL auch vor dem Hintergrund einer fortschreitenden impliziten Rationierung im Gesundheitswesen zu sehen.

Die vorliegende Studie setzt sich umfassend mit den rechtlichen Vorgaben fur Angebot und Inanspruchnahme von IGeL auseinander. Das umfangreiche Pflichtenspektrum bei der IGeL-Erbringung wird vor dem Hintergrund der vielfaltigen sozial- und haftungsrechtlichen Regelungen grundlegend analysiert und mit dem der klassischen Heilbehandlung verglichen. Die Ergebnisse bieten eine wissenschaftliche Grundlage fur aktuelle und zukunftige Bemuhungen um einen sachgerechten Ausgleich der Interessen und Bedurfnisse von Arzt und Patient.

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The formative commentary on the new Civil Code vested with the authority of the code s authors. PD Dr. Jan Thiessen"

This volume substantially demonstrates the principles anchored in sections 90-103 regarding all relationships related to property law and the resulting interaction of movable and real estate property law, as well as execution proceedings law. In addition, the elementary rules of the legal transaction are comprehensively presented; the influences of legal capacity on trade, company and employment law, among others, are also taken into account within the framework of sections 104 et. sec. The provisions regarding declaration of intent (sections 116-124 and sections 130-133), which are of particular significance for daily practice, are presented in detail.

This book is a compilation of CRS reports on defense policies. Some topics discussed herein include the United States Special Operations Command, US withdrawals from treaties and other international agreements, artificial intelligence development and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.