Der Verein Fundare e.V., ein gemeinnutziger Verein zur Foerderung des Stiftungswesens, hat es sich zum Ziel gesetzt, zu einer aufbluhenden Stiftungskultur in Deutschland beizutragen. Dazu sollen insbesondere die wissenschaftlichen und praktischen Grundlagen des Stiftens erforscht werden. Der Erfullung dieser Aufgabe dient die Zeitschrift Die Stiftung - Jahreshefte zum Stiftungswesen. Sie beinhaltet in ihrer neunten Ausgabe vor allem die Vortrage, die auf dem von Fundare e.V. veranstalteten 9. Stiftungsrechtstag an der Ruhr-Universitat Bochum gehalten wurden. Daruber hinaus haben noch weitere Beitrage Aufnahme gefunden. Es werden nicht nur eingehend zivilrechtliche, sondern auch verwaltungs- und steuerrechtliche Problematiken des Stiftungsrechts beleuchtet. Der Schwerpunkt liegt hierbei auf dem in der Praxis viel diskutierten Thema "Compliance", wobei die aktuellen Themen im Stiftungs- und Stiftungssteuerrecht nicht vernachlassigt werden.

Declaring War directly challenges the 200-year-old belief that Congress can and should declare war. By offering a detailed analysis of the declarations of 1812, 1898 and the War Powers Resolution of 1973, the book demonstrates the extent of the organizational and moral incapacity of Congress to declare war. It invokes Carl von Clausewitz's dictum that 'war is policy' to explain why declarations of war are an integral part of war and proposes two possible remedies - a constitutional amendment or, alternatively, a significant re-organization of Congress. It offers a comprehensive historical, legal, constitutional, moral and philosophical analysis of why Congress has failed to check an imperial presidency. The book draws on Roman history and international law to clarify the form, function and language of declarations of war and John Austin's speech act theory.

William Hay Macnaghten (1793 1841), of the Bengal Civil Service, published this work in 1825. It is a compilation of principles and precedents of Islamic law, focusing on family, inheritance and property law, including the status of slaves. Born in India and from a legal family, Macnaghten used his skill in languages as well as his legal training to produce this monumental work, and a similar two-volume treatise on Hindu law (1828 9). Quoting from both Sanskrit and Arabic sources, Part I discusses the principles of family law, inheritance, sales, wills, and slavery, while Part II offers precedents in all these areas, and an appendix gives details of the cases cited. Macnaghten was involved in political as well as legal work, and the disastrous First Anglo-Afghan War was begun largely on his advice. He was killed by an Afghan leader during negotiations outside Kabul in 1841.

Originally published in 1792, this work was revised (incorporating new material) and corrected for the 1805 edition, reissued here. As a ship's purser and occasional Judge Advocate, Delafons had considerable experience of advising in naval courts martial, including first-hand involvement for the defence in the trial of Peter Heywood, a midshipman on board H.M.S. Bounty during the mutiny of 1789. He intended this work to be a textbook for conducting judicial proceedings in the Royal Navy, and it is also now a fundamental text for historians and researchers in both the legal and naval history of a period of British maritime supremacy. Delafons covers the subjects of jurisdiction, evidence, sentencing, and the roles of individuals within the trial. He also makes a comparison between the law of the Navy and its practical applications and that of the civil courts, and examines the development of the Naval Code itself.

Der europaische ordre public ist seit mehr als einer Dekade Gegenstand der rechtswissenschaftlichen Diskussion. Im Zusammenhang mit der fortschreitenden Europaisierung des Internationalen Privat- und Verfahrensrechts wird die Frage beantwortet, ob ein Kernbereich des europaischen ordre public ermittelt werden kann und wie sich das Verhaltnis der Vorbehaltsklausel im Hinblick auf den nationalen ordre public der Mitgliedsstaaten darstellt. Die Studie berucksichtigt dabei auch die Veranderungen durch den Vertrag von Lissabon. Am Beispiel eines Landerberichts stellt die Autorin die Perspektive des Rechts von England und Wales auf die europaische Vorbehaltsklausel dar. Im Anschluss eroertert sie die Moeglichkeit der Abschaffung des ordre public im Binnenmarkt.

This Guide is a detailed overview of all aspects of IPR and protection in China. Produced in association with AWS, the Austrian Federal Bank 's specialist IPR unit based in Shanghai, this is an essential work for any businessman trading with or conducting business in China. From covering protocol for dealing with Trade Fairs, to the application processes for trademarks, patents, copyright and licensing, as well as dealing with infringements and enforcement, this guide is a practical reference for any businessman with concerned with their IPR in China.

Die Bundesregierung sowie die Regierungskoalition haben umfangreiche Gesetzentwurfe zur Reform der Zivilprozessordnung vorgelegt. Auf diesen grundet das ZPO-Reformgesetz, das am 01.01.2002 in Kraft getreten ist. Diese wahrend des Gesetzgebungsverfahrens in der Literatur ausgiebig diskutierte "Revolution im Zivilprozessrecht" rechtfertigt eine wissenschaftliche Untersuchung. Da die Reform die bedeutendsten AEnderungen im Bereich der Berufung vorsieht, ist die neue Berufung Gegenstand der Untersuchung. Ziel der Untersuchung ist die Darstellung der neuen Berufung in der praktischen Rechtsanwendung, die Wurdigung der an den neuen Regelungen geubten Kritik, die Verdeutlichung der Auswirkungen der neuen Berufung auf die Praxis durch Beispielsfalle sowie die Erarbeitung von AEnderungsvorschlagen. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit werden zunachst die bisherigen die Berufung betreffenden Reformbemuhungen von Gesetzgeber und Literatur seit Bestehen der ZPO dargestellt. Im Anschluss daran wird die Entstehungsgeschichte der jungsten ZPO-Reform beleuchtet. Im zweiten Teil werden die Regelungen uber die neue Berufung im Einzelnen untersucht. Im dritten Teil wird die Reformdiskussion in der Literatur gewurdigt und anhand von Beispielsfallen erlautert, wie sich die neue Berufung auf die Praxis der Rechtsanwendung auswirken wird. Im vierten Teil werden AEnderungen zum Reformgesetz im Bereich der Berufung vorgeschlagen, die die Reform als Ganzes nicht in Frage stellen, aber aus der Sicht des rechtsuchenden Burgers Verbesserungen bringen.

"Kirchenasyl" steht fur die sich seit etwa 15 Jahren haufenden Falle einer kirchlichen Unterbringung von Fluchtlingen zum Schutz vor staatlicher Abschiebung. Die Untersuchung beschaftigt sich im ersten, empirischen Teil mit der Entwicklung dieses Phanomens. Die Motive der Beteiligten, kirchlicherseits und staatlicherseits, werden ebenso untersucht wie ihre gegenseitigen Reaktionen bei der Gewahrung eines Kirchenasyls. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit wird der vielschichtigen innerkirchlichen Diskussion gewidmet. Der zweite, juristische Teil fragt nach den einfachrechtlichen und verfassungsrechtlichen Implikationen des Kirchenasyls. Der Autor sucht die rechtliche Loesung dabei vor allem im Grundrecht der Glaubens- und Gewissensfreiheit. Sein Ergebnis koennte dem Staat und der Kirche einen Ansatz fur die Beilegung dieses gesellschaftlichen und politischen Konflikts weisen.

Die Integration des Islam und der Muslime stellt eine wichtige Voraussetzung fur einen dauerhaften sozialen Frieden in Deutschland dar. Zur Foerderung dieser Integration kann ein islamischer Religionsunterricht wesentlich beitragen. Der Band dokumentiert eine im Rahmen des vom Ministerium fur Wissenschaft und Forschung des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen gefoerderten Projekts "Integration des Islam durch islamischen Religionsunterricht" veranstaltete Fachtagung. Zunachst wird der Rahmen fur die Diskussion um den Religionsunterricht an oeffentlichen Schulen nachgezeichnet, indem die Ausgangspunkte eines islamischen Religionsunterrichts in Deutschland aufgezeigt und die Voraussetzungen und Erfahrungen eines Unterrichts am Beispiel der Islamkunde in Nordrhein-Westfalen beleuchtet werden. Sodann wird die verfassungsrechtliche Komponente der Frage in den Blick genommen; neben dem deutschen Recht wird zum Vergleich die Rechtslage nach turkischem Recht eroertert. Schliesslich wird den rechtlichen Anforderungen des staatlichen Rechts die theologische Sicht des Themas im Islam aus unterschiedlicher islamischer Perspektive gegenubergestellt.

A thoroughly pragmatic guide to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA)

This is a critical FCPA training resource for executives, managers, sales, marketing, finance and accounting personnel, as well as high level professionals.The ideal resource for any business that takes FCPA compliance seriously and truly desires to foster a deep understanding of real-world corruption issues in their employeesA great resource for business school courses on international business or business ethics and anyone interested in understanding these issues for their own professional growthIncludes in-depth analysis of all major FCPA risk areas, including discussions of how FCPA issues arise in real-world business situationsCovers all aspects of bribery and FCPA compliance issues to ensure that your business is not exposing itself to financial scandal or criminal prosecution

FCPA compliance is mandatory for nearly all international businesses operating in today's global economy. This book serves as the perfect training tool to mitigate your organization's risk to FCPA violations, which is one of the top enforcement priorities for the Department of Justice (DOJ) and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

Praise for "Foreign Corrupt Practices Act: A Practical Resource for Managers and Executives"

"Aaron Murphy's book is absolutely fantastic. As a seasoned lawyer and compliance professional, having worked for fortune 100 companies with global operations for many years and being an FCPA expert myself, I have never come across a more detailed yet easy to read book on FCPA. It contains practical advice and provides examples that are put into context, that the reader can easily relate to and that take into consideration different cultures and customs. A must read for any individual/ organization doing business abroad."--Fabiana Lacera-Allen, Senior Vice President & Chief Compliance Officer, Elan Drug Technologies

"This book is essential reading for anyone conducting business outside US borders. Executives, managers, sales, marketing, finance, and legal professionals will find sound practical advice to protect themselves and their companies from FCPA violations when operating globally. Much more than a general survey, this book offers scores of real world examples and serves as an easy-to-read, how-to resource for employees at all levels of a company. It will be a valuable reference tool for many years to come."--Jeff Taylor, former US Attorney for the District of Columbia and former counselor to Attorneys General John Ashcroft and Alberto Gonzales

"If you are a manager involved in any kind of international dealings--which is to say, if you work for any major firm in today's global marketplace--you need to study Aaron Murphy's comprehensive, precise and highly readable analysis of life under the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). Few FCPA violations are intentional, yet the consequences even of unwitting violations can be drastic for you, your colleagues, and your firm. Murphy's book shows why business practices perfectly acceptable at home are federal crimes in other settings, how to think your way through ambiguous situations, and--perhaps most important--when to get expert advice. It is a field guide to a world where authority and discretion are all too often up for sale, and a resource that will help you avoid trouble--and even succeed--within the bounds of this crucial yet little-understood legislation."--Michael Johnston, Charles A. Dana Professor of Political Science, Colgate University

"Every businessperson working in the emerging markets should read and understand the way in which their actions and behaviour may fall subject to the FCPA. This book is a great practical guide to a complex law."--Scott Lane, Principal and CEO, The Red Flag Group

"Most business managers have heard of the FCPA, but few truly understand the breadth of the FCPA as applied to real-world scenarios. Murphy, an FCPA practitioner with extensive real-world experience, provides an easy to read FCPA handbook for business managers. This book is essential reading for business managers looking to develop and implement risk management policies and procedures in this era of aggressive FCPA enforcement."--Professor Mike Koehler, Butler University, Editor - FCPA Professor Blog

In the year 1000, the economy of the Middle East was at least as advanced as that of Europe. But by 1800, the region had fallen dramatically behind--in living standards, technology, and economic institutions. In short, the Middle East had failed to modernize economically as the West surged ahead. What caused this long divergence? And why does the Middle East remain drastically underdeveloped compared to the West? In "The Long Divergence," one of the world's leading experts on Islamic economic institutions and the economy of the Middle East provides a new answer to these long-debated questions.

Timur Kuran argues that what slowed the economic development of the Middle East was not colonialism or geography, still less Muslim attitudes or some incompatibility between Islam and capitalism. Rather, starting around the tenth century, Islamic legal institutions, which had benefitted the Middle Eastern economy in the early centuries of Islam, began to act as a drag on development by slowing or blocking the emergence of central features of modern economic life--including private capital accumulation, corporations, large-scale production, and impersonal exchange. By the nineteenth century, modern economic institutions began to be transplanted to the Middle East, but its economy has not caught up. And there is no quick fix today. Low trust, rampant corruption, and weak civil societies--all characteristic of the region's economies today and all legacies of its economic history--will take generations to overcome.

"The Long Divergence" opens up a frank and honest debate on a crucial issue that even some of the most ardent secularists in the Muslim world have hesitated to discuss.

Drawing on ethnographic research, Living Sharia examines the role of sharia in the sociopolitical processes of contemporary Malaysia. The book traces the contested implementation of Islamic family and criminal laws and sharia economics to provide cultural frameworks for understanding sharia among Muslims and non-Muslims. Timothy Daniels explores how the way people think about sharia is often entangled with notions about race, gender equality, nationhood, liberal pluralism, citizenship, and universal human rights. He reveals that Malaysians' ideas about sharia are not isolated from-nor always opposed to-liberal pluralism and secularism. Living Sharia will be of interest to scholars as well as to policy makers, consultants, and professionals working with global NGOs.

Imam Nawawi's commentary on Sahih Muslim is one of the most highly regarded works in Islamic thought and literature. Accepted by every sunni school of thought, and foundational in the Shaafi school, this text, available for the first time in English, is famed throughout the Muslim world. After the Qur'an, the prophetic traditions are the most recognised source of wisdom in Islam. Amongst the collected Hadith, Sahih Muslim is second only to the the collection of Imam Bukhari. With a commentary by Imam Nawawi, whose other works are amongst the most widely-read books on Islam, and translated by Adil Salahi, a modern scholar of great acclaim, this immense work, finally available to English readers, is an essential addition to every Muslim library, and for anybody with an interest in Islamic thought.

Muslim Qur'anic interpretation today is beset by tensions. Tensions between localising and globalising forces; tensions between hierarchical and egalitarian social ideals; and tensions between the quest for new approaches and the claim for authority raised by defenders of exegetical traditions. It is this complex web of power structures, local as well as global, that this book seeks to elucidate. This book provides a fresh perspective on present-day Qur'anic interpretations by analysing the historical, social and political dimensions in which they take place, the ways in which they are performed and the media through which they are transmitted. Besides discussing the persistence of exegetical traditions and the emergence of new paradigms, it examines the structural conditions in which these processes occur. Languages, nation states, global human rights discourses and intra-Islamic divisions all shape the nature of interpretive endeavours and frequently fuel conflicts over the correct understanding of the Qur'an. This book contains more than twenty detailed case studies of recent Qur'anic interpretations, based on translated texts that cover a variety of languages, regions, media, genres, approaches, authors and target groups. They are integrated into the chapters, bring their arguments to life and stimulate fundamental reflections on the authority of the text and the authority of its interpreters.

CUA Press is proud to announce the CUA Studies in Canon Law. In conjunction with the School of Canon Law of the Catholic University of America, we are making available, both digitally and in print, more than 400 canon law dissertations from the 1920s to 1960s, many of which have long been unavailable. These volumes are rich in historical content, yet remain relevant to canon lawyers today. Topics covered include such issues as abortion, excommunication, and infertility. Several studies are devoted to marriage and the annulment process; the acquiring and disposal of church property, including the union of parishes; the role and function of priests, vicars general, bishops, and cardinals; and juridical procedures within the church. For those who seek to understand current ecclesial practices in light of established canon law, these books will be an invaluable resource.

Canon law is an unavoidable theme for medieval historians. It intersects with every aspect of medieval life and society, and at one point or another, every medievalist works on the law. In this book, Kriston Rennie looks at the early medieval origins and development of canon law though a social history framework, with a view to making sense of a rich and complex legal system and culture, and an equally rich scholarly tradition. It was in the early Middle Ages that the ancient traditions, norms, customs, and rationale of the Church were shaped into legislative procedure. The structures and rationale behind the law's formulation - its fundamental purpose, reason for existence and proliferation, and methods of creation and collection - explain how the medieval Church and society was influenced and controlled. They also, as this short book argues, explain how it ultimately functioned.

The application and interpretation of the four Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their two Additional Protocols of 1977 have developed significantly in the sixty years since the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) first published its Commentaries on these important humanitarian treaties. To promote a better understanding of, and respect for, this body of law, the ICRC commissioned a comprehensive update of its original Commentaries. Its preparation was coordinated by Jean-Marie Henckaerts, ICRC legal adviser and head of the project to update the Commentaries. The First Convention is a foundational text of international humanitarian law. It contains the essential rules on the protection of the wounded and sick, those assigned to their care, and the red cross and red crescent emblems. This article-by-article Commentary takes into account developments in the law and practice to provide up-to-date interpretations of the Convention. The new Commentary has been reviewed by humanitarian-law practitioners and academics from around the world. It is an essential tool for anyone working or studying within this field.

Ten years after his untimely death, Norman Calder is still considered a luminary in the field of Islamic law. At the time he was one among a handful of scholars from the West who were beginning to engage with the subject. In the intervening years, much has changed, and Islamic law is now understood as fundamental to any engagement with the study of Islam, its history, and its society, and Dr. Calder s work is integral to that engagement. In this book, Colin Imber has put together and edited four essays by Norman Calder that have never been previously published. Typically incisive, they categorize and analyze the different genres of Islamic juristic literature that was produced between the tenth and fourteenth centuries, showing what function they served both in the preservation of Muslim legal and religious traditions and in the day-to-day lives of their communities. The essays also examine the status and role of the jurists themselves and are to be particularly welcomed for giving clear answers to the controversial questions of how far Islamic law and juristic thinking changed over the centuries, and how far it was able to adapt to new circumstances. In his introduction to the volume, Robert Gleave assesses the place and importance of Norman Calder s work in the field of Islamic legal studies. This is a groundbreaking book from one of the most important scholars of his generation."

Der Gesetzgeber hat mit Einfuhrung des Gesetzes zur Reform des Zivilprozesses vom 1.1.2002 das Zivilverfahren im Bereich der Rechtsmittel zum Teil grundlegend umstrukturiert und in den Folgejahren weitere AEnderungen und Erganzungen vorgenommen. Vor dem Hintergrund der fur die tagliche Praxis erheblichen Bedeutung der Rechtsmittel und Rechtsbehelfe gegen sogenannte "Nebenentscheidungen" rechtfertigt sich eine umfassende wissenschaftliche Untersuchung. Deren Schwerpunkt liegt hierbei zum einen auf einer Gesamtdarstellung des Beschwerderechts an Hand von Beispielsfallen und zum anderen auf den Auswirkungen der in den letzten Jahren vom Reformgesetzgeber eingefuhrten AEnderungen auf die Praxis. Hierbei ist es unerlasslich, an vielen Stellen die Motive des Reformgesetzgebers darzustellen, was bei den wesentlichen Neuerungen mit einer kritischen Wurdigung verbunden wird.

The definitive primer on intellectual property for business professionals, non-IP attorneys, entrepreneurs, and inventors

Full of valuable tips, techniques, illustrative real-world examples, exhibits, and best practices, the "Second Edition" of this handy and concise paperback will help you stay up to date on the newest thinking, strategies, developments, and case law in intellectual property.Presents fundamentals of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets and other less-know forms of IP, such as registered design and mask worksCovers important concepts such as IP strategy, protection, audits, valuation, management, and competitive intelligenceOffers an introduction to IP licensing and enforcementNow features discussion of critical precedent-setting recent IP cases and proposed patent reform

Providing business professionals and IP owners with in-depth knowledge of this extremely important subject, this book helps those new to this field gain a better understanding and appreciation for the results of their creative abilities.

This book addresses an important but little-noticed phenomenon in the revolutionary world of military technology. Across a wide range of otherwise-unrelated weapons programs, the Pentagon is now pursuing arms that are deliberately crafted to be less powerful, less deadly, and less destructive than the systems they are designed to supplement or replace. This direction is historically anomalous; military forces generally pursue ever-bigger bangs, but the modern conditions of counter-insurgency warfare and military operations 'other than war' (such as peacekeeping and humanitarian assistance) demand a military capable of modulated force. By providing a capacity to intervene deftly yet effectively, the new generations of 'useable' weaponry should enable the U.S. military to accomplish its demanding missions in a manner consistent with legal obligations, public relations realities, and political constraints. Five case studies are provided, regarding precision-guided 'smart bombs', low-yield nuclear weapons, self-neutralizing anti-personnel land mines, directed-energy anti-satellite weapons, and non-lethal weapons.

Ivo of Chartres was one of the most learned scholars of his time, a powerful bishop and a major figure in the so-called 'Investiture Contest'. Christof Rolker here offers a major new study of Ivo, his works and the role he played in the intellectual, religious and political culture of medieval Europe around 1100 AD. Comparing Ivo s extensive correspondence to the contemporary canon law collections attributed to him, Dr Rolker provides a new interpretation of their authorship. Contrary to current assumptions, he reveals that Ivo did not compile the Panormia, showing that its compiler worked in a distinctly different mental framework from Ivo. These findings call for a reassessment of the relationship between Church reform and scholasticism and shed new light on Ivo as both a scholar and bishop.

Thirty years after its enactment, Congress has undertaken a review of the Goldwater-Nichols Department of Defense Reorganization Act (GNA) as well as the broader organisation and structure of the contemporary Department of Defense (DOD) more broadly. Most observers agree that in principle a comprehensive review of the Goldwater-Nichols legislation is warranted at this juncture. Further, a broad consensus appears to exist among observers that DOD must become considerably more agile while retaining its strength in order to enable the United States to meet a variety of critical emerging national security challenges. Agreement seemingly ends there. There appears to be little consensus on what should be changed within DOD and what specific direction reform ought to take. Discussions have begun to coalesce around a number of proposals, including reforming defense acquisition processes, further strengthening the Joint Staff, reducing Pentagon staffs, and better empowering the services in the joint arena. Ideas vary, however, on how, specifically, to achieve those outcomes. Disagreement also exists as to whether or not reorganising DOD alone will be sufficient. Some observers maintain that a reform of the broader interagency system on national security matters is needed. This book is intended to assist Congress as it evaluates the variety of reform proposals currently under discussion around Washington.

In recent years, Islamic law, or Shari'a, has been appropriated as a tool of modernity in the Muslim world and in the West and has become highly politicised in consequence. Wael Hallaq's magisterial overview of Shari'a sets the record straight by examining the doctrines and practices of Islamic law within the context of its history, and by showing how it functioned within pre-modern Islamic societies as a moral imperative. In so doing, Hallaq takes the reader on an epic journey tracing the history of Islamic law from its beginnings in seventh-century Arabia, through its development and transformation under the Ottomans, and across lands as diverse as India, Africa and South-East Asia, to the present. In a remarkably fluent narrative, the author unravels the complexities of his subject to reveal a love and deep knowledge of the law which will inform, engage and challenge the reader.

This book is dedicated to examining the various methods and trends in Hadith Studies across the globe. Bringing together contributions from ten scholars of Hadith, it addresses the subject from a variety of methodological vantage points and historical premises. Divided into two parts, it first looks at methods and approaches, and then presents 5 case studies focusing on specific questions and issues. Some of these authors seek to overturn, refine or reaffirm dominant paradigms within the field, while others look to expand its horizons in new directions. The global scope, and coverage of both longstanding debates and cutting edge methods and approaches, means this book will make a significant contribution to a controversial and challenging field.