It has been increasingly impossible to think about our changing world without coming across the term 'geopolitics'. In the wake of the invasion and occupation of Iraq by the United States, United Kingdom, and others, geopolitics has been offered as an explanation for the occupation's failure to reinvent the Iraqi state and as a blueprint for future action. But what is 'geopolitics'?

Drawing both on academic and political material, this book introduces readers to the concept of geopolitics, from the first usage of the term to its more recent reconceptualisations. The concept of geopolitics is introduced through four thematic sections - Imperial Geopolitics, Cold War Geopolitics, Geopolitics after the Cold War and Reconceptualising Geopolitics. Each section includes key writings from a range of diverse and leading authors such as Said, Agnew, Dalby, O Tuathail, Gregory, Barnett and Kaplan, and is accompanied by a critical introduction by the editors to guide the reader through the material. This Reader establishes the foundations of geopolitics while also introducing readers to the continuing significance of the concept in the 21st century.

This Reader provides an essential resource that exposes students to original writing. The Editors provide a pathway through the material with Section Introductions to assist the readers understanding of the context of the material and impacts of the writings. The readings included draw from a range of authors, writing from a range of locations. The Reader concludes with the latest changes in geopolitical thought, incorporating feminist and other perspectives.

Scientific practices of removing waste in mega-cities of the global South are embedded in socio-cultural belief systems which reproduce existing social hierarchies. Thus going beyond a techno-managerial approach in waste management, Sneha Sharma critically interrogates the politics around urban waste disposal in Mumbai, India. She undertakes an ethnographic journey to the city's most unwanted space, a dumping site, to reveal how spaces and people are made into waste through exclusionary formal and informal practices. Offering new insights on topics of urban marginality, informality, urban planning this book will attract scholars from sociology, urban studies, and human geography.

Building on an abolitionist perspective, this book offers an essential critique of migration and border policies, unsettling the distinction between migrants and citizens. This is the only book that brings together carceral abolitionist debates and critical migration literature. It explores the multiplication of modes of migration confinement and detention in Europe, examining how these are justified in the name of migrants’ protection. It argues that the collective memory of past struggles has partly informed current solidarity movements in support of migrants. A grounded critique of migration policies involves challenging the idea that migrants’ rights go to the detriment of citizens. An abolitionist approach to borders entails situating the right to mobility as part of struggle for the commons. -- .

Few countries as culturally rich, politically pivotal, and naturally beautiful as Indonesia are as often misrepresented in global media and conversation. Stretching 3,400 miles east to west along the equator, Indonesia is the fourth most populous country in the world and home to more than four hundred ethnic groups and several major world religions. This sprawling Southeast Asian nation is also the world's most populous Muslim-majority country and the third largest democracy. Although in recent years the country has experienced serious challenges with regard to religious harmony, its trillion-dollar economy is booming and its press and public sphere are among the most vibrant in Asia. A land of cultural contrasts, contests, and contradictions, this ever-evolving country is today rising to even greater global prominence, even as it redefines the terms of its national, religious, and civic identity. The Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Indonesia offers an overview of the modern making and contemporary dynamics of culture, society, and politics in this powerful Asian nation. It provides a comprehensive survey of key issues in Indonesian politics, economics, religion, and society. It is divided into six sections, organized as follows: Cultural Legacies and Political Junctures Contemporary Politics and Plurality Markets and Economic Cultures Muslims and Religious Plurality Gender and Sexuality Indonesia in an Age of Multiple Globalizations Bringing together original contributions by leading scholars of Indonesia in law, political science, history, anthropology, sociology, religious studies, and gender studies this Handbook provides an up-to-date, interdisciplinary, and academically rigorous exploration of Indonesia. It will be of interest to students, academics, policymakers, and others in search of reliable information on Indonesian politics, economics, religion, and society in an accessible format.

Providing new insights into the politics of migration and citizenship in the UK and the US, this book challenges the increasingly prevalent view of migration and migrants as threats and of formal citizenship as a necessary marker of belonging. Instead the authors offer an analysis of migration and citizenship in practice, as a counterpoint to simplistic discourses. The book uses cutting-edge academic work on migration and citizenship to address three themes central to current debates - borders and walls, mobility and travel, and belonging.

Rehearsing the State presents a comprehensive investigation of the institutions, performances, and actors through which the Tibetan Government-in-Exile is rehearsing statecraft. McConnell offers new insights into how communities officially excluded from formal state politics enact hoped-for futures and seek legitimacy in the present. * Offers timely and original insights into exile Tibetan politics based on detailed qualitative research in Tibetan communities in India * Advances existing debates in political geography by bringing ideas of stateness and statecraft into dialogue with geographies of temporality * Explores the provisional and pedagogical dimensions of state practices, adding weight to assertions that states are in a continual situation of emergence * Makes a significant contribution to critical state theory

Between 2002 and 2013, bilateral donors spent over $64 billion on AIDS intervention in low- and middle-income countries. During the same period, nearly 25 million died of AIDS and more than 32 million were newly infected with HIV. In this book for students of political economy and public policy in Africa, as well as global health, Kim Yi Dionne tries to understand why AIDS interventions in Africa often fail. The fight against AIDS requires the coordination of multiple actors across borders and levels of governance in highly affected countries, and these actors can be the primary sources of the problem. Dionne observes misaligned priorities along the global chain of actors, and argues this misalignment can create multiple opportunities for failure. Analyzing foreign aid flows and public opinion polls, Dionne shows that while the international community highly prioritizes AIDS, ordinary Africans view AIDS as but one of the many problems they face daily.

Hierdie wetenskaplik-historiese atlas van Suid-Afrika sluit aan by die moderne benadering tot die land se geskiedenis voorkoloniale gemeenskappe. Temas wat tans groot prominensie in die staatsadministrasie geniet word kartografies en wetenskaplik-korrek voorgestel.

This book argues that practices of resistance cannot be separated from practices of domination, and that they are always entangled in some configuration. They are inextricably linked, such that one always bears at least a trace of the other that contaminates or subverts it.
The team of contributors explore themes of identity, embodiment, organisation, colonialism, and political transformation, examining them from historical, contemporary and more abstract perspectives within a wide geographical and cultural spectrum. Case studies include German Reunification; Jamaican Yardies on British Television; Victorian Sexuality and Moralisation in Cremorne Gardens; Ethnicity, Gender and Nation in Ecuador; Sport as Power; the film Falling Down.
Entanglements of Power presents an exciting and challenging account of the symbiotic relationship between domination and resistance, and contextualises this within the parameters of geography with a rich body of case-study material and a respected team of contributors.

Using an integrative approach to international relations, the second edition of Reordering the World returns the ?geo? to geopolitical analysis of current global issues. The contributors focus on key emerging world issues, such as spatial data technology, IGOs/NGOs, gender and world politics, boundary disputes, refugee flows, ecological degradation, and UN intervention in civil wars. They also assess the redefinition of international relations by instantaneous, worldwide financial and telecommunication linkages and explore the struggles of new multinational and nongovernmental organizations to define their roles. Using current real-world examples, this group of eminent geographers challenges the reader to rethink international relations and reorder the world political map.

Table of Contents

Political Geography: Recurring IssuesNew Perspectives * Introduction: Political Geography for the Next Millennium William B. Wood and George J. Demko * Changing Times, Changing Scales: World Politics and Political Geography Since 1890 Colin Flint * Geopolitics in the New World Era: A New Perspective on an Old Discipline Saul B. Cohen * International Boundaries: Lines in the Sand (and the Sea) Bradford L. Thomas * The Power and Politics of Maps Alan K. Henrikson * Electoral Geography and Gerrymandering: Space and Politics Richard Morrill Political Geographies Of People And Resources * Population, Politics, and Geography: A Global Perspective G. J. Demko * International Migration: One Step Forward, Two Steps Back W. B. Wood * Exploiting, Conserving, and Preserving Natural Resources Susan L. Cutter * GeoAnalysis for the Next Century: New Data and Tools for Sustainable Development W. B. Wood International Processes Of Geopolitical Change * People Together, Yet Apart: Rethinking Territory, Sovereignty, and Identities David B. Knight * International Law and the Sovereign State System: Challenges to the Status Quo Alexander B. Murphy * Global Ecopolitics Phyllis Mofson * Nongovernmental Organizations on the Geopolitical Front Line Marie D. Price * Global Hegemony Versus National Economy: The United States in the New World Economy John Agnew * Geopolitical Information and Communications in the Twenty-First Century Stanley D. Brunn, Jeffery A. Jones, and Shannon OLear.

This book explores the role of place names in the formation and maintenance of individual and group identities in multilingual and multi-ethnic situations. Using examples from Austria and Czechia as case studies, the authors examine the power of place names through an interdisciplinary and multi-methods approach that draws from the fields of anthropology, geography, sociolinguistics and toponomastics. The book contextualises both places within their social and political histories, and probes recent debates in the social sciences relating to place names, identity and power. It will be of interest to scholars and students focusing on place names and naming practices, minority communities and languages, and linguistic landscapes.

This proceedings book addresses the main issues of contemporary political geography and international relations, providing a platform for discussion and collaboration of experts in the fields of Political Geography, Geopolitics, International Relations, etc. Participants from all over the world consider the controversies and challenges posed by globalization, focusing, in particular, on the ideologies of globalization and regionalism, migration crises, prevention of ethnic conflicts, and measures to promote sustainable development. The content of the book may be interesting to expert community, academics and popular audience.

Throughout history, state has dominated state. Even in the New World Order of the post Cold War, the objective is mastery, not reciprocity. Mastering space maps new paths out of the tangle of international relations. By employing a geographical perspective, the book integrates the political and economic dimensions of global relations, and rediscovers the dynamism of international political economy. Tracing the evolution of the international economy since 1800,the authors question "state centredness" in the context of increasing economic globalisation and political fragmentation. Mastering Space addresses the changes in the organization of the world's political economy, and challenges the assumption that mastery of peoples and places is intrinsic to global development. John Agnew is a Professor of Geography at the Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs, Syracuse University. Stuart Corbridge is a lecturer in Geography at the University of Cambridge and a Fellow of Sidney Sussex College.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203422384

This volume explains the national and regional border modifications that took place in Europe from 1870 to 2020. It provides insights that allow us to understand boundary changes for several different levels of territorial organization. The text describes the state formation process related to the regional-administrative structures in each European country, and offers insight into the degree of centralization historically by describing the extent of legislative autonomy at different administrative levels and the competences reserved for each of them. The book sheds light on the complex regional organization of Europe and the difficulties its reform has faced. The main audience will be academics and PhD/Masters students working in a variety of geography fields, and the maps included in each chapter will also be of interest to a broader audience including undergraduate and secondary-school students wishing to better understand the political history of Europe.

Frontier Road uses the history of one road in southern Colombia known locally as the trampoline of death to demonstrate how state-building processes and practices have depended on the production and maintenance of frontiers as inclusive-exclusive zones, often through violent means. * Considers the topic from multiple perspectives, including ethnography of the state, the dynamics of frontiers, and the nature of postcolonial power, space, and violence * Draws attention to the political, environmental, and racial dynamics involved in the history and development of transport infrastructure in the Amazon region * Examines the violence that has sustained the state through time and space, as well as the ways in which ordinary people have made sense of and contested that violence in everyday life * Incorporates a broad range of engaging sources, such as missionary and government archives, travel writing, and oral histories

Artivism, is becoming a common way of denouncing conflicts, of being a megaphone of the unfairness, demanding more public space or pushing political agendas; in short, to highlight what does not work well. Artivists use art as a weapon of public and social exigency charged with particular doses of shrewdness, inventiveness, imagination, sense of humour and, above all, social impact, either throughout impressive pieces or the most subtle and invisible actions. Navigating through the curiosity, emotion and concern of the new artivists; We walk the paths of a creativity committed to reflection, criticism and the eternal pursuit of social justice.

In this book, O' Tuathail writes about the politics of the geographical struggle, and about the geography of global politics. It is the first geographical study to tackle geopolitical writing from a poststructuralist position.

This book examines social, economic and political issues in West, Eastern and Southern Africa in relation to borders, human mobility and regional integration. In the process, it highlights the innovative aspects of human agency on the African continent, and presents a range of empirical case studies that shed new light on Africa's social, economic and political realities. Further, the book explores cooperation between African nation-states, including their historical socioeconomic interconnections and governance of transboundary natural resources. Moreover, the book examines the relationship between the spatial mobility of borders and development, and the migration regimes of nation-states that share contiguous borders in different geographic territories. Further topics include the coloniality of borders, sociocultural and ethnic relations, and the impact of physical borders on human mobility and wellbeing. Given its scope, the book represents a unique resource that offers readers a wealth of new insights into today's Africa.

This ambitious book rewrites the terms of debate about globalization. Focusing on two major new concepts--the unfinished global-democratic revolution and the global-Western state--Martin Shaw evaluates global change, considering the radical implications for social, political and international theory, and offering a fundamental critique of modern social thought and mainstream global theory. Required reading for sociology, politics and international relations, Theory of the Global State offers a historical, theoretical and political framework for understanding state and society in the emerging global age.

Enhancing our understanding of how people and places are affected by globalization at the level of everyday interactions within 'Nordic Peripheries', this book sheds light on local particularities as well as global confluences, by illuminating how gender, mobility and belonging contribute to ruptures and/or stability in the lives of men and women living in and/or moving within these northern localities. Crossing disciplinary and geographical boundaries the focus of the book is specifically on how global processes shape and influence the Nordic countries at the social level: Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Iceland, Finland, as well as the Faroe Islands. The book starts from the premise that the Nordic peripheries offer an especially powerful lens on 'peripherality' in a globalized and globalizing world, because the region as a whole is traditionally perceived as relatively affluent, stable and with high levels of social equality. Yet, as the different chapters in the book demonstrate - with case studies that illuminate diverse gendered processes - globalization produces ruptures and new social constellations also at the rims of Nordic societies, well beyond the cushioning of comprehensive social welfare regimes. By elevating the empirical findings to more general debates about the gendered effects of globalization the book invites the reader to reflect upon not only Nordic particularities but also how insights from this part of the world can be instructive for understanding the nuances and complexities of global confluences at large.

This extensively revised second edition of The Geopolitics Reader draws together the most influential and significant geopolitical readings from the last hundred years. A compendium of divergent viewpoints of global conflict and change, it includes readings from Halford Mackinder, Theodore Roosevelt, Adolf Hitler, George Kennan, Samuel Huntington, Edward Said, Osama Bin Laden and American neoconservatives. It draws on the most illuminating examples of imperial, Cold War and contemporary geopolitics, as well as new environmental themes, global dangers and multiple resistances to the practices of geopolitics.

Whilst retaining a coherent five part structure, the selection of readings has been updated to account for recent developments in the critical study of geopolitics and the post 9/11 geopolitical landscape (including issues in technoscience, biowarfare, oil politics, and terrorism), and key questions address issues of the transformed nature of threats in the new millennium, the debate over the hegemonic position of the US, and non-American perspectives on contemporary geopolitics.

Skilfully guiding the reader through the divergent viewpoints of global conflict and change, the editors, all leading geopolitical authorities, provide comprehensive introductions and critical commentaries at the start of each section. Illustrated with provocative cartoons, this second edition of The Geopolitics Reader is the ideal textbook for introductory classes on international relations, world politics, political geography and, of course, geopolitics, provoking lively discussion of how questions of discourse and power are at the centre of the critical study of geopolitics.

Table of Contents

Introduction Gearóid Ó Tuathail Thinking Critically About Geopolitics 1 1. Imperialist Geopolitics. Gearóid Ó Tuathail Introduction 1. Halford J. Mackinder 1904 ‘The Geographical Pivot of History’ From Geographical Journal 2. Theodore Roosevelt 1905 ‘The Roosevelt Corollary’ From A Compilation of Messages and Papers of the Presidents 3. Karl Haushofer 1942 ‘Why Geopolitik?’ From The World of General Haushofer 4. Adolf Hitler 1942 ‘Eastern Orientation of Eastern Policy?’ From Mein Kampf 5. Isaiah Bowman 1942 ‘Geopolitics vs. Geography’ From Geographical Review 6. Karl Haushofer 1948 ‘Defense of German Geopolitics’ From Total Power: A Footnote to History 2. Cold War Geopolitics Gearóid Ó Tuathail Introduction 7. President Harry 1947 ‘The Truman Doctrine’ Truman From Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States 8. George F. Kennan 1947 ‘The Sources of Soviet Conduct’ From Foreign Affairs 9. Andrei Zhdanov 1947 ‘Soviet Policy and World Politics’ From The International Situation 10. Gearóid Ó Tuathail 2001. ‘A Geopolitical Discourse with Robert McNamara’ From Geopolitics 11. Leonid Brezhnev 1968 ‘The Brezhnev Doctrine’ From Pravda 12. Gearóid Ó Tuathail 1992 ‘Geopolitics and Discourse: Practical and John Agnew Geopolitical Reasoning in American Foreign Policy’ From Political Geography Quarterly 13. Policy Statement OF 1984 ‘Common Sense and the Common Danger’ The Committee on the From Alerting America: The Papers of the Committee on Present Danger the Present Danger 14. End Committee 1980 ‘Appeal for European Nuclear Disarmament (End)’ From Protest and Survive 15. Francis Fukuyama 1989 ‘The End of History?’ From The National Interest 3. Twenty First Century Geopolitics Gearóid Ó Tuathail Introduction 16. Samuel P. Huntington 1993 ‘The Clash of Civilizations?’ From Foreign Affairs 17. Project for a New 1997 ‘Statement of Principles’ American Century From newamericancentury.org 18. Edward Said 2001 ‘The Clash of Ignorance’ From The Nation 19. Thomas P. Barnett 2003 ‘The Pentagon’s New Map’ From Esquire 20. Michael Ignatieff 2003 ‘The Burden: The American Empire.’ From The New York Times magazine 21. Anatol Lieven 2004 ‘Introduction: America: Right or Wrong’ From America: Right or Wrong 4. The Geopolitics of Global Dangers. Simon Dalby Introduction 22 Robert D. Kaplan 1994 ‘The Coming Anarchy’ From The Atlantic Monthly 23 Simon Dalby 1996 ‘Reading Robert Kaplan’s ‘Coming Anarchy’’ From Ecumene 24 Philippe Le Billion 2004 ‘The Geopolitical Economy of ‘Resource Wars’’ From Geopolitics 25 Michael T. Klare 2004 ‘No Escape From Dependency’ From TomDispatch.com 26 Michael Renner 2003 ‘Oil and Blood: The Way to Take Over the World’ From World Watch Magazine 27 Jonathan B. Tucker 2004 ‘Biological Threat Assessment: Is the Cure Worse Than the Disease?’ From Arms Control Today 28 Gwyn Prins 2004 ‘AIDS and Global Security’ From International Affairs 5. Anti-Geopolitics. Paul Routledge Introduction 29 Edward Said 1984 ‘Orientalism Reconsidered’ From Europe and Its Others, Volume 1 30 Frantz Fanon 1963 ‘Concerning Violence’ From The Wretched of the Earth 31 George Konrad 1984 ‘Antipolitics: A Moral Force’ From Antipolitics: A Moral Force 32 Subcommandante 2003 ‘Tomorrow Begins Today: Invitation to an Insurrection MARCOS From We are Everywhere 33 Osama Bin Laden 2002 ‘Letter to America’ From the internet. 34 Gilbert Achar 2002 ‘The Clash of Barbarisms’ From The Clash of Barbarisms 35 Jennifer Hyndman 2003 ‘Beyond Either/Or: A Feminist Analysis of September 11th’ From ACME 36 Arundhati Roy 2003 ‘Instant-Mix Imperial Democracy’ From The Ordinary Person’s Guide to Empire

The massive intentional destruction of cultural heritage during the 1992-1995 Bosnian War targeting a historically diverse identity provoked global condemnation and became a seminal marker in the discourse on cultural heritage. It prompted an urgent reassessment of how cultural property could be protected in times of conflict and led to a more definitive recognition in international humanitarian law that destruction of a people's cultural heritage is an aspect of genocide. Yet surprisingly little has been published on the subject. This wide-ranging book provides the first comprehensive overview and critical analysis of the destruction of Bosnia-Herzegovina's cultural heritage and its far-reaching impact. Scrutinizing the responses of the international community during the war (including bodies like UNESCO and the Council of Europe), the volume also analyses how, after the conflict ended, external agendas impinged on heritage reconstruction to the detriment of the broader peace process and refugee return. It assesses implementation of Annex 8 of the Dayton Peace Agreement, a unique attempt to address the devastation to Bosnia's cultural heritage, and examines the treatment of war crimes involving cultural property at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY). With numerous case studies and plentiful illustrations, this important volume considers questions which have moved to the foreground with the inclusion of cultural heritage preservation in discussions of the right to culture in human rights discourse and as a vital element of post-conflict and development aid.

By delving into the history of geopolitics and bringing us up to date with cutting-edge case studies looking at infrastructure, terrain, and maps, this book will dispel simplistic and misleading notions about the nature of how humans interact with the environment. Stops on the way will include critical geopolitics, religious geopolitics, popular geopolitics, feminist geopolitics, and, newest of all, critical quantitative geopolitics. More importantly, it uncovers new areas of research for the next generation of researchers, showing how critical and quantitative methods can be applied to look at how geography and war relate to diverse areas such as disease, sport, dispossession, and immigration.

This book analyses Chinese discourse on Indian attitudes towards the Belt & Road Initiative (BRI), and argues that the Indian discourse is becoming one of the biggest hurdles to China creating its own narrative about China's rise in Asia and beyond. In doing so, it spans across the themes of the power struggle between China and US, China and India, the Chinese perception of India, China-South Asia relations, the China-US- India strategic triangle and the success and failures of BRI. The first part of the book focuses on the Chinese thinking behind the launch of the BRI and addresses questions related to the purpose of this initiative and ways in which it will facilitate China's rise as a superpower. Subsequently the book addresses how effective or ineffective India's challenge is and how it is negatively affecting China's BRI.