Soil Degradation, Restoration and Management in a Global Change Context, volume four in the Advances in Chemical Pollution, Environmental Management and Protection series, explores a wide breadth of emerging and state-of-the-art technologies and provides the best practices to manage soils affected by degradation. Soils are the base of life, thus a sustainable soil management is crucial in a context of global environmental change. Chapters in this new release include Soil degradation, processes, future treats and possible solutions, Agriculture and grazing environments, Abandoned and afforested lands, Environments affected by fire, Mining environments, Urban areas, and Lands affected by war.

Nanomaterials for Air Remediation provides a comprehensive description of basic knowledge and current research progress in the field of air treatment using nanomaterials. The book explores how nanomaterials are used in various air remediation techniques, including advanced oxidation processes, biological processes, and filtration. It also covers their combined use as nanocatalysts, nanoantibiotics, nanoadsorbents, nanocontainers, nanofiltrations and nanosensors. Major challenges to using nanomaterials for improving air quality on a mass scale, both practical and regulatory, are also presented. This is an important resource for materials scientists and environmental engineers who are looking to understand how nanotechnology is used to enhance air quality.

This book covers broader application of biotechnology for the protection of environment through different bioremediation and biodegradation techniques developed for removal of environmental contaminants including the recently discovered contaminants. The book offers a comprehensive overview of environmental pollutants including their fate, behavior, environmental and associated health risks. It is useful reading material for postgraduate and graduate students of environmental biotechnology, environmental microbiology and ecology. Young researchers also find the chapters useful understanding the latest developments.

This monograph contains a survey on the role of chirality in ecotoxicological processes. The focus is on environmental trace analysis. Areas such as toxicology, ecotoxicology, synthetic chemistry, biology, and physics are also covered in detail in order to explain the different properties of enantiomers in environmental samples. This monograph delivers a comprehensive survey for environmental trace analysts, analytical chemists, ecotoxicologists, food scientists and experienced lab workers.

Abatement of Environmental Pollutants: Trends and Strategies addresses new technologies and provides strategies for environmental scientists, microbiologists and biotechnologists to help solve problems associated with the treatment of industrial wastewater. The book helps readers solve pollution challenges using microorganisms in bioremediation technologies, including discussions on global technologies that have been adopted for the treatment of industrial wastewater and sections on the lack of proper management. Moreover, limited space, more stringent waste disposal regulations and public consciousness have made the present techniques expensive and impractical. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop sustainable management technologies for industries and municipalities. To remove the damaging effect of organic pollutants on the environment, various new technologies for their degradation have been recently discovered.

Handbook of Electronic Waste Management: International Best Practices and Case Studies begin with a brief summary of the environmental challenges associated with the approaches used in international e-waste handling. The book's authors offer a detailed presentation of e-waste handling methods that also includes examples to further demonstrate how they work in the real world. This is followed by data that reveals the geographies of e-waste flows at global, national and subnational levels. Users will find this resource to be a detailed presentation of e-waste estimation methods that also addresses both the handling of e-waste and their hazardous effect on the surrounding environment.

Nanotechnology and Enzyme Technology Combined to Address Environmental Problems discusses how nanotechnology and enzyme technology work independently and together to help researchers and environmental professionals learn about this revolutionary and cross-disciplinary field. Nanotechnology has provided a range of nanomaterials, some of which are helpful in the protection of the environment and climate. They can be used to improve durability against mechanical stress, help in cleaning, enhance energy efficiency as insulation, save energy consumption during transportation due to catalytic properties, and more. This book highlights this technology as it continues to provide solutions for various environmental problems.

Air Pollution Calculations introduces the equations and formulae that are most important to air pollution, but goes a step further. Most texts lack examples of how these equations and formulae apply to the quantification of real-world scenarios and conditions. The ample example calculations apply to current air quality problems, including emission inventories, risk estimations, biogeochemical cycling assessments, and efficiencies in air pollution control technologies. In addition, the book explains thermodynamics and fluid dynamics in step-by-step and understandable calculations using air quality and multimedia modeling, reliability engineering and engineering economics using practical examples likely to be encountered by scientists, engineers, managers and decision makers. The book touches on the environmental variables, constraints and drivers that can influence pollutant mass, volume and concentrations, which in turn determine toxicity and adverse outcomes caused by air pollution. How the pollutants form, move, partition, transform and find their fate are explained using the entire range of atmospheric phenomena. The control, prevention and mitigation of air pollution are explained based on physical, chemical and biological principles which is crucial to science-based policy and decision-making. Users will find this to be a comprehensive, single resource that will help them understand air pollution, quantify existing data, and help those whose work is impacted by air pollution.

This book provides readers with cutting-edge techniques that can be applied to energy and environmental economics. Further, it highlights the effects that both globalization and economic growth have on the environment. In addition to offering a broader perspective on the relationship between environmental pollution, energy consumption and economic growth, the book studies the relationship between economic growth and environmental damage by drawing on the theoretical hypothesis of the Environmental Kuznets Curve. The book presents new econometric techniques and innovative approaches to the study of the energy economy. Accordingly, it can be used to help analyse the current state of the energy economy, the environment and globalization, and can serve as a theoretical reference manual for doctoral students and academics seeking new analytical techniques.

Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging Mechanism for Oil Spills delivers the critical tool needed to understand the latest technology in radar imaging of oil spills, particularly microwave radar as a main source to understand analysis and applications in the field of marine pollution. Filling the gap between modern physics quantum theory and applications of radar imaging of oil spills, this reference is packed with technical details associated with the potentiality of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and the key methods used to extract the value-added information necessary, such as location, size, perimeter and chemical details of the oil slick from SAR measurements. Rounding out with practical simulation trajectory movements of oil spills using radar images, this book brings an effective new source of technology and applications for today's oil and marine pollution engineers.

This book is intended for those in government, academia and industry who are interested in, or responsible for pollution prevention (P2). The second edition reflects the rapid change in pollution prevention strategies and market needs. It calls the readers attention to the concept and practices of pollution management rather than waste management only and to the understanding of pollution problems caused not only by pollutants and wastes but also by environmentally unfriendly products and services. The contents of the 16 chapters have been thoroughly revised and new chapters have been added on total environmental quality management; laws, regulations, programs and strategies; state, city and local P2 programs; education and research; P2 in the U.S. Defense Department; and sources of P2 information.

Pollution Control Technology for Leachate from Municipal Solid Waste explores the physical, chemical and biological factors that produce leachate and technological solutions for its control. The book introduces the integrated and pre-treatment leachate treatment processes that are necessary to deal with the variations of pollutants in leachate. Real world case-studies are provided to illustrate these treatment processes, along with leachate treatment engineering process design and the construction of municipal solid waste incinerator power plants. This book will be of particular interest to Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineers, but will also be ideal for Environmental Scientists.

Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products Waste Management and Treatment Technology: Emerging Contaminants and Micro Pollutants provides the tools and techniques for identifying these contaminates and applying the most effective technology for their remediation, recovery and treatment. The consumption of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) has grown significantly over the last 35 years, thus increasing their potential risk to the environment. As PPCPs are very difficult to detect and remove using conventional wastewater treatment methods, this book provides solutions to a growing problem.

This work is intended as a textbook on the theory and practice of sustainable air pollution management. The book discusses the fundamental aspects of traditional air pollution topics as well as some more advanced topics (such as atmospheric brown cloud, trans-boundary movement of air pollutants, air transportation of radioactive material, biological air pollutants, etc.). Though much has been written about theory of Air Pollution Management, it is still not practiced in society for a variety of reasons. Having worked at the grass roots level and travelled extensively, the authors have captured useful, cost-effective and successfully implemented practices with their cameras and notebooks. The non-technical issues that are often seen as a hindrance to adopting sustainable solutions due to political, legal and social factors are also addressed to enable readers to understand a different dimension of social problems. Topics covered include selecting a separation process, process description, materials selection logic, implementation etc. Theory, design and operation specifications are also included for each air pollution management option. The book is an excellent guide for those readers looking to understand and practice sustainable air pollution management. Readers also learn how energy-efficient and cost-effective methods can be successfully used to reduce the production of contaminants, providing cleaner air.

Water and Wastewater Engineering Technology presents the basic concepts and applications of water and wastewater engineering technology. It is primarily designed for students pursuing programs in civil, water resources, and environmental engineering, and presents the fundamentals of water and wastewater technology, hydraulics, chemistry, and biology. The book examines the urban water cycle in two main categories, water treatment and distribution, and wastewater collection and treatment. The material lays the foundation for typical one-semester courses in water engineering and also serves as a valuable resource to professionals operating and managing water and wastewater treatment plants. The chapters in this book are standalone, offering the flexibility to choose combinations of topics to suit the requirements of a given course or professional application.

Features:

Contains example problems and diagrams throughout to illustrate and clarify important topics

Problems both in SI and USC system of units

The procedure of unit cancellation followed in all solutions to the problems

Design applications and operation of water and wastewater system emphasized

Includes numerous practice problems with answers, and discussion questions in each chapter cover a range of engineering interventions to help conserve water resources and preserve water quality

Table of Contents

Section I: Basic Sciences 1. Introduction. 2. Standards of Measurement. 3. Basic Hydraulics. 4. Basic Chemistry. 5. Microbial Water Quality. Section II: Water Treatment 6. Sources of Water Supply. 7. Water Demand and Water Quality. 8. Coagulation and Flocculation. 9. Sedimentation. 10. Filtration. 11. Disinfection. 12. Water Softening. 13. Miscellaneous Methods I. 14. Miscellaneous Methods II. Section III: Water Distribution 15. Water Distribution. 16. Pipeline Systems. 17. Pumps and Pumping. 18. Water Distribution Operation. Section IV: Wastewater Collection 19. Wastewater Collection System. 20. Design of Sewers. 21. Construction of Sewers. Section V: Wastewater Treatment 22. Natural Purification. 23. Characteristics of Wastewater. 24. Primary Treatment. 25. Activated Sludge Process. 26. Stabilization Ponds. 27. Attached Growth Systems. 28. Anaerobic Systems. 29. Bio-Solids. 30. Advanced Wastewater Treatment.

Halogenated organic compounds constitute one of the largest groups of environmental chemicals. The industrial production of new halogenated organic compounds has increased throughout the last century and these compounds are integral to a variety of industrial applications. Although organohalide compounds are typically considered to be anthropogenic industrial compounds, these have their counterpart in several thousands of natural biogenic and geogenic organohalides, representing most classes of organic chemicals. Natural sources account for a significant portion of the global organohalogen budget.

This volume, authored by leading experts in the field, provides a current perspective on how both natural and synthetic organohalides are formed and degraded, and how these processes are incorporated into a global halogen cycle. The list of organohalides that can be utilized by microbes continues to increase dramatically, as do the number of dehalogenating microorganisms that have been identified and characterized. A critical step in the degradation of organohalides is cleavage of the carbon-halogen bond, and microorganisms have evolved a variety of metabolic strategies for dehalogenation. The chapters provide a global perspective on the diversity of dehalogenating microorganisms, explore their ecology, biochemistry and genetics, and review the range of biologically-mediated dehalogenation mechanisms. Many of the problematic organohalides, such as pesticides, chlorofluorocarbons, chlorinated solvents, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls, are covered in detail. The book provides a comprehensive overview of fate of these compounds in the environment, practicalapplications in the laboratory and the field, and strategies for the development of bioremediation technologies for organohalide-contaminated sites.

Detailed information on biodegradation and biotransformation mechanisms for a variety of organohalides and on the microorganisms mediating these processes has greatly increased our understanding of the cycling and fate of these unique and widespread compounds in our environment. The book will serve as a comprehensive resource on the processes and applications of microbial degradation of halogenated organic compounds.

This book provides a comprehensive introduction to air, water, noise, and radioactive materials pollution and its control. Legal and regulatory principles and risk analysis are included in addition to engineering principles.
The text presents the engineering principles governing the generation and control of air and water pollutants, solid and hazardous waste, and noise. Water quality and drinking water treatment are discussed, as well as the elements of risk analysis. Radioactive waste generation and treatment in relation to the nuclear fuel cycle, are discussed. The health and environmental effects of all these pollutants are discussed. An introduction to the Federal laws and regulations governing pollution is included.
- This text embraces the latest thinking in environmental engineering
- Includes updates in regulation and current pollution abatement technologies

Microplastic Contamination in Aquatic Environments: An Emerging Matter of Environmental Urgency comprehensively illustrates the traditional and advanced technologies on sampling, identification and quantification of microplastic from different environmental media. Contributors summarize and discuss recent research on microplastic and examine studies on nano-sized plastic particles. Chapters cover a full range of microplastic research, including global distribution, detection, environmental fate, biological effects and political legislation. Users will find the book to be a comprehensive overview of microplastic research that is ideal for research and understanding on the occurrence of microplastic in aquatic environments.

A leading cause of polluted air in urban atmospheres is the interaction of sunlight with an air mixture containing nitrogen oxides and reactive hydrocarbons. Several classes of hydrocarbons are highly reactive hydrocarbons; one is the alkenes, the subject of "The Mechanisms of the Atmospheric Oxidation of the Alkenes" (Calvert, et al., OUP, 2000). This book, the second in a series of comprehensive studies of these compounds, will review and evaluate existing literature on the mechanisms of the aromatic hydrocarbons, which have a particularly high potential for ozone generation. The focus of the text will be on problem solving and clarifying uncertain aspects of the chemistry of these compounds.

Free-Surface Flow: Shallow-Water Dynamics presents a novel approach to this phenomenon. It bridges the gap between traditional books on open-channel flow and analytical fluid mechanics. Shallow-water theory is established by formal integration of the Navier-Stokes equations, and boundary resistance is developed by a rigorous construction of turbulent flow models for channel flow. In addition, the book presents a comprehensive description of shallow-water waves by mathematical analysis. These methods form the foundation for understanding flood routing, sudden water releases, dam and levee break, sluice gate dynamics and wave-current interaction.

Sustainable Use of Chemicals in Agriculture, Volume 2, explores the wide breadth of emerging and state-of-the-art technologies used to study the sustainable use of chemicals in agriculture. Sections in this new release include modern agriculture in Europe and the role/place of chemicals, a regulatory vision of the sustainable use of pesticides and risk mitigation, the perception of the concept in other regions of the globe, certification and added value for farm production, and how research and education can influence implementation and development, among other valuable topics.

This book presents the proceedings of the International Conference on Health, Safety, Fire, Environment, and Allied Sciences (HSFEA 2018), highlighting the latest developments in the field of science and technology aimed at improving health and safety in the workplace. The volume comprises content from leading scientists, engineers, and policy makers, discussing water pollution and advanced remedial measures, and the impact on health and the environment. Topics of discussion include research on emerging water pollutants, their sources, monitoring and control. The contents of this volume will be of interest to researchers, practitioners, and policy makers alike.

The capability to generate potable water from polluted sources is growing in importance as pharmaceuticals, microplastics and waste permeate our soil. Nanotechnology allows for improvements in water remediation technologies by taking advantage of the unique properties of materials at this small scale.

Edited in collaboration with TEN ECOPORT project, this volume contains the proceedings of the 1st International Conference on 'Sustainable Development of the Sea-corridors and Coastal Waters'. The book highlights the advances of environmental pollution management on ports and coastal zones. Particular attention is given to water quality, issues that concern the marine environment of sea corridors and coastal waters, especially in regions surrounding ports. In addition to these topics the chapters explore novel methodologies and technologies, IT solutions, data and instrumentation of monitoring water quality. The book is organized into five parts: assessment, monitoring, sustainable management system, port processes and historical ports. TEN ECOPORT (Transnational ENhancement of ECOPORT8 network) is a project co-financed by the South East Europe Transnational Cooperation Programme.