This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Multiscore Software Engineering, Performance, and Tools, MSEPT 2012, held in Prague in May/June 2012. The 9 revised papers, 4 of which are short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 24 submissions. The papers address new work on optimization of multicore software, program analysis, and automatic parallelization. They also provide new perspectives on programming models as well as on applications of multicore systems.

This Festschrift published in honor of Vladimir Lifschitz on the occasion of his 65th birthday presents 39 articles by colleagues from all over the world with whom Vladimir Lifschitz had cooperation in various respects. The 39 contributions reflect the breadth and the depth of the work of Vladimir Lifschitz in logic programming, circumscription, default logic, action theory, causal reasoning and answer set programming.

This book presents a powerful new language and methodology for programming complex reactive systems in a scenario-based manner. The language is live sequence charts (LSCs), a multimodal extension of sequence charts and UML's sequence diagrams, used in the past mainly for requirements. The methodology is play-in/play-out, an unusually convenient means for specifying inter-object scenario-based behavior directly from a GUI or an object model diagram, with the surprising ability to execute that behavior, or those requirements, directly. The language and methodology are supported by a fully implemented tool the Play-Engine which is attached to the book in CD form.

Comments from experts in the field:

The design of reactive systems is one of the most challenging problems in computer science. This books starts with a critical insight to explain the difficulty of this problem: there is a fundamental gap between the scenario-based way in which people think about such systems and the state-based way in which these systems are implemented. The book then offers a radical proposal to bridge this gap by means of playing scenarios. Systems can be specified by playing in scenarios and implemented by means of a Play-Engine that plays out scenarios. This idea is carried out and developed, lucidly, formally and playfully, to its fullest. The result is a compelling proposal, accompanied by a prototype software engine, for reactive systems design, which is bound to cause a splash in the software-engineering community.

Moshe Y. Vardi, Rice University, Houston, Texas, USA

Scenarios are a primary exchange tool in explaining system behavior to others, but their limited expressive power never made them able to fully describe systems, thus limiting their use. The language of Live Sequence Charts (LSCs) presented in this beautifully written book achieves this goal, and the attached Play-Engine software makes these LSCs really come alive. This is undoubtedly a key breakthrough that will start long-awaited and exciting new directions in systems specification, synthesis, and analysis.

Gerard Berry, Esterel Technologies and INRIA, Sophia-Antipolis, France

The approach of David Harel and Rami Marelly is a fascinating way of combining prototyping techniques with techniques for identifying behavior and user interfaces.

Manfred Broy, Technical University of Munich, Germany"

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Fundamentals of Software Engineering, FSEN 2011, held in Tehran, Iran, in April 2011. The 19 revised full papers and 5 revised short papers presented together with 3 poster presentations were carefully reviewed and selected from 64 submissions. The papers are organized in topical section on models of programs and systems, software specification, validation and verification, software architectures and their description languages, object and multi-agent systems, CASE tools and tool integration, model checking and theorem proving, and Integration of different formal methods.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Implementation and Application of Functional Languages, IFL 2011, held in Lawrence, Kansas, USA, in October 2011. The 11 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 33 submissions. The papers by researchers and practitioners who are actively engaged in the implementation and the use of functional and function based programming languages describe practical and theoretical work as well as applications and tools. They discuss new ideas and concepts, as well as work in progress and results.

Software engineering is widely recognized as one of the most exciting, stimulating, and profitable research areas, with a significant practical impact on the software industry. Thus, training future generations of software engineering researchers and bridging the gap between academia and industry are vital to the field. The International Summer School on Software Engineering (ISSSE), which started in 2003, aims to contribute both to training future researchers and to facilitating the exchange of knowledge between academia and industry. This volume consists of chapters originating from a number of tutorial lectures given in 2009, 2010, and 2011 at the International Summer School on Software Engineering, ISSSE, held in Salerno, Italy. The volume has been organized into three parts, focusing on software measurement and empirical software engineering, software analysis, and software management. The topics covered include software architectures, software product lines, model driven software engineering, mechatronic systems, aspect oriented software development, agile development processes, empirical software engineering, software maintenance, impact analysis, traceability management, software testing, and search-based software engineering.

Computersystemsresearch is heavilyinfluencedby changesincomputertechnol- ogy. As technology changes alterthe characteristics ofthe underlying hardware com- ponents of the system, the algorithms used to manage the system need to be re- examinedand newtechniques need to bedeveloped. Technological influencesare par- ticularly evident in the design of storage management systems such as disk storage managers and file systems. The influences have been so pronounced that techniques developed as recently as ten years ago are being made obsolete. The basic problem for disk storage managers is the unbalanced scaling of hard- warecomponenttechnologies. Disk storage managerdesign depends on the technolo- gy for processors, main memory, and magnetic disks. During the 1980s, processors and main memories benefited from the rapid improvements in semiconductortechnol- ogy and improved by several orders ofmagnitude in performance and capacity. This improvement has not been matched by disk technology, which is bounded by the me- chanics ofrotating magnetic media. Magnetic disks ofthe 1980s have improved by a factor of 10in capacity butonly a factor of2 in performance. This unbalanced scaling ofthe hardware components challenges the disk storage manager to compensate for the slower disks and allow performance to scale with the processor and main memory technology. Unless the performance of file systems can be improved over that of the disks, I/O-bound applications will be unable to use the rapid improvements in processor speeds to improve performance for computer users. Disk storage managers must break this bottleneck and decouple application perfor- mance from the disk.

Call-by-push-value is a programming language paradigm that, surprisingly, breaks down the call-by-value and call-by-name paradigms into simple primitives. This monograph, written for graduate students and researchers, exposes the call-by-push-value structure underlying a remarkable range of semantics, including operational semantics, domains, possible worlds, continuations and games.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Software and Data Technologies, ICSOFT 2011, held in Seville, Spain, in July 12011. The 13 revised full papers presented together with 4 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 220 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on enterprise software technology; software engineering; distributed systems; data management; knowledge-based systems.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Conference on Multiscore Software Engineering, Performance, and Tools, MUSEPAT 2013, held in Saint Petersburg, Russia, in August 2013. The 9 revised papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 25 submissions. The accepted papers are organized into three main sessions and cover topics such as software engineering for multicore systems; specification, modeling and design; programing models, languages, compiler techniques and development tools; verification, testing, analysis, debugging and performance tuning, security testing; software maintenance and evolution; multicore software issues in scientific computing, embedded and mobile systems; energy-efficient computing as well as experience reports.

In the past few decades Computer Hardware Description Languages (CHDLs) have been a rapidly expanding subject area due to a number of factors, including the advancing complexity of digital electronics, the increasing prevalence of generic and programmable components of software-hardware and the migration of VLSI design to high level synthesis based on HDLs. Currently the subject has reached the consolidation phase in which languages and standards are being increasingly used, at the same time as the scope is being broadened to additional application areas. This book presents the latest developments in this area and provides a forum from which readers can learn from the past and look forward to what the future holds.

Source Code Availability All of the source code found in this volume, and some that is not, is available from the author at a nominal fee. The author is interested in learning of any errors that may be found, though care has been taken in the construction of the modules to minimize these. The author is also interested in other comments, suggestions, recommendations, questions or experiences with the use of these modules. Contact the author through the following address: Modula-2 Software c/o Springer-Verlag 815 De La Vina St. Santa Barbara, CA 93101 As of February 1988, source code is available on 3.5" Macintosh diskettes (800K HFS format) for the TML Modula-2 compiler for MPW and the Mac METH Modula-2 compiler from ETH Ziirich. 1 Specification Requirements for specification of procedure and data abstractions were previously covered in Volume 1, Chapter 2. A summary is provided of the specification for mat used in this book. The format is adapted from that Guttag and Liskov 10] developed for the CLU language. It consists of relatively few constructs, is semi formal by providing a rigorous definition of the syntax and semantics of opera tions, and it provides powerful facilities for defining abstract data types. 1.1 Specification of Procedure Abstractions Specification of a procedure requires a full description of syntax and semantics. Syntax the name of the procedure by name, the name and type of each ar gument or result, and the order in which the arguments and results occur."

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Logic for Programming, Artificial Intelligence, and Reasoning, LPAR-18, held in Merida, Venezuela, in March 2012. The 25 regular papers and 6 tool descriptions and experimental papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 74 submissions. The series of International Conferences on Logic for Programming, Artificial Intelligence and Reasoning (LPAR) is a forum where, year after year, some of the most renowned researchers in the areas of logic, automated reasoning, computational logic, programming languages and their applications come to present cutting-edge results, to discuss advances in these fields, and to exchange ideas in a scientifically emerging part of the world.

I love virtual machines (VMs) and I have done for a long time.If that makes me "sad" or an "anorak," so be it. I love them because they are so much fun, as well as being so useful. They have an element of original sin (writing assembly programs and being in control of an entire machine), while still being able to claim that one is being a respectable member of the community (being structured, modular, high-level, object-oriented, and so on). They also allow one to design machines of one's own, unencumbered by the restrictions of a starts optimising it for some physical particular processor (at least, until one processor or other). I have been building virtual machines, on and off, since 1980 or there abouts. It has always been something of a hobby for me; it has also turned out to be a technique of great power and applicability. I hope to continue working on them, perhaps on some of the ideas outlined in the last chapter (I certainly want to do some more work with register-based VMs and concur rency). I originally wanted to write the book from a purely semantic viewpoint."

Appropriate for use as a graduate text or a professional reference, Languages for Digital Embedded Systems is the first detailed, broad survey of hardware and software description languages for embedded system design. Instead of promoting the one language that will solve all design problems (which does not and will not ever exist), this book takes the view that different problems demand different languages, and a designer who knows the spectrum of available languages has the advantage over one who is trapped using the wrong language. Languages for Digital Embedded Systems concentrates on successful, widely-used design languages, with a secondary emphasis on those with significant theoretical value. The syntax, semantics, and implementation of each language is discussed, since although hardware synthesis and software compilation technology have steadily improved, coding style still matters, and a thorough understanding of how a language is synthesized or compiled is generally necessary to take full advantage of a language. Practicing designers, graduate students, and advanced undergraduates will all benefit from this book. It assumes familiarity with some hardware or software languages, but takes a practical, descriptive view that avoids formalism.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on Programming Multi-Agent Systems held in Toronto, Canada, in May 2010 in conjunction with AAMAS 2010, the 9th International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems. The 7 revised full papers presented together with 1 invited paper were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book. The papers cover a broad range of mostly practical topics like decision component of agent systems; practical examples of programming languages; interaction with the environment, and are thus organized in topical sections on reasoning, programming languages, and environments.

Bayesian Networks in R with Applications in Systems Biology is unique as it introduces the reader to the essential concepts in Bayesian network modeling and inference in conjunction with examples in the open-source statistical environment R. The level of sophistication is also gradually increased across the chapters with exercises and solutions for enhanced understanding for hands-on experimentation of the theory and concepts. The application focuses on systems biology with emphasis on modeling pathways and signaling mechanisms from high-throughput molecular data. Bayesian networks have proven to be especially useful abstractions in this regard. Their usefulness is especially exemplified by their ability to discover new associations in addition to validating known ones across the molecules of interest. It is also expected that the prevalence of publicly available high-throughput biological data sets may encourage the audience to explore investigating novel paradigms using the approaches presented in the book.

This volume contains a selection of papers that focus on the state-of the-art in real-time scheduling and resource management. Preliminary versions of these papers were presented at a workshop on the foundations of real-time computing sponsored by the Office of Naval Research in October, 1990 in Washington, D.C. A companion volume by the title Foundations of Real-Time Computing: Fonnal Specifications and Methods complements this book by addressing many of the most advanced approaches currently being investigated in the arena of formal specification and verification of real-time systems. Together, these two texts provide a comprehensive snapshot of current insights into the process of designing and building real-time computing systems on a scientific basis. Many of the papers in this book take care to define the notion of real-time system precisely, because it is often easy to misunderstand what is meant by that term. Different communities of researchers variously use the term real-time to refer to either very fast computing, or immediate on-line data acquisition, or deadline-driven computing. This text is concerned with the very difficult problems of scheduling tasks and resource management in computer systems whose performance is inextricably fused with the achievement of deadlines. Such systems have been enabled for a rapidly increasing set of diverse end-uses by the unremitting advances in computing power per constant-dollar cost and per constant-unit-volume of space. End-use applications of deadline-driven real-time computers span a spectrum that includes transportation systems, robotics and manufacturing, aerospace and defense, industrial process control, and telecommunications."

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Algebraic Biology, ANB 2010, held at the Castle of Hagenberg, Austria in July/August 2010. The conference is a follow up of the AB Conference. The 10 papers were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on mathematical modeling, system analysis and design, genomics, molecular structure analysis, automata theory, artificial intelligence, sequence analysis, automated reasoning, formal language and hybrid symbolic numerical methods.

For real-time systems, the worst-case execution time (WCET) is the key objective to be considered. Traditionally, code for real-time systems is generated without taking this objective into account and the WCET is computed only after code generation. Worst-Case Execution Time Aware Compilation Techniques for Real-Time Systems presents the first comprehensive approach integrating WCET considerations into the code generation process. Based on the proposed reconciliation between a compiler and a timing analyzer, a wide range of novel optimization techniques is provided. Among others, the techniques cover source code and assembly level optimizations, exploit machine learning techniques and address the design of modern systems that have to meet multiple objectives. Using these optimizations, the WCET of real-time applications can be reduced by about 30% to 45% on the average. This opens opportunities for decreasing clock speeds, costs and energy consumption of embedded processors. The proposed techniques can be used for all types real-time systems, including automotive and avionics IT systems.

The Transactions on Pattern Languages of Programming subline aims to publish papers on patterns and pattern languages as applied to software design, development, and use, throughout all phases of the software life cycle, from requirements and design to implementation, maintenance and evolution. The primary focus of this LNCS Transactions subline is on patterns, pattern collections, and pattern languages themselves. The journal also includes reviews, survey articles, criticisms of patterns and pattern languages, as well as other research on patterns and pattern languages. This book, the third volume in the Transactions on Pattern Languages of Programming series, presents five papers that have been through a careful peer review process involving both pattern experts and domain experts. The papers present various pattern languages and a study of applying patterns and represent some of the best work that has been carried out in design patterns and pattern languages of programming over the last few years.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Safe and Secure Software Reuse, ICSR 2013, held in Pisa, Italy, in June 2013. The 27 papers (18 full and 9 short papers) presented were carefully reviewed and selected from various submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on feature modeling and variability analysis; reuse and testing; architecture and reuse; analysis for reuse; reuse and patterns, short papers, emerging ideas and trends.

Behavioral Specifications of Businesses and Systems deals with the reading, writing and understanding of specifications. The papers presented in this book describe useful and sometimes elegant concepts, good practices (in programming and in specifications), and solid underlying theory that is of interest and importance to those who deal with increased complexity of business and systems. Most concepts have been successfully used in actual industrial projects, while others are from the forefront of research. Authors include practitioners, business thinkers, academics and applied mathematicians. These seemingly different papers address different aspects of a single problem - taming complexity. Behavioral Specifications of Businesses and Systems emphasizes simplicity and elegance in specifications without concentrating on particular methodologies, languages or tools. It shows how to handle complexity, and, specifically, how to succeed in understanding and specifying businesses and systems based upon precise and abstract concepts. It promotes reuse of such concepts, and of constructs based on them, without taking reuse for granted. Behavioral Specifications of Businesses and Systems is the second volume of papers based on a series of workshops held alongside ACM's annual conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems Languages and Applications (OOPSLA) and European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP). The first volume, Object-Oriented Behavioral Specifications, edited by Haim Kilov and William Harvey, was published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1996.

This book is the first volume in a series entitled The Modula-2 Software Component Library. Charles Lins collection of reusable standard software components, could be the basis for every programmers software project in Modula-2. Components that are implementations of commonly used data structures are presented, along with an adequate description of their functionality and efficiency. Moreover, the books provide the background necessary to tailor these components to the specific needs of any Modula-2 environment. For every Modula-2 programmer this series of books might prove as useful and indispensible as the original language reference by Niklaus Wirth.

2 Source Code Availability All of the source code in this volume, and some that is not, is available from the author for $20. The author is also interested in learning of any errors that may be found, though care has been taken in the construction of the modules to minimize the possibility of their occurence. Any other comments, suggestions, recommenda- tions, questions, or experiences with the use of these modules would also be of interest. The reader may contact the author via the publisher at the following address: C. Lins: Modula-2 Source Code c/o Springer-Verlag 815 De La Vina Street Santa Barbara, CA 93101 USA As of February 1989, source code is available on two 3. 5" Macintosh diskettes (800K HFS format) for Bob Campbell's Modula-2 compiler for MPW(formerly TML Modula-2) and the MacMETH Modula-2 compiler from ETH Zurich. The author intends to port this software to both the SemperSoft and MetCom Modula- 2 compilers on the Macintosh. For the IBM PC (and compatibles) the software is available for TopSpeed Modula-2 (a product of JPI). The source code will soon be converted to work with Logitech's Modula-2 compiler as well as Stony Brook's Modula-2. Please mention your hardware platform as well as the volume(s) in which you are interested Development Environment The software for this volume was developed using the MPW (Macintosh(TM) Programmer' s Workshop) version 3. 0 and Bob Campbell's Modula-2 compiler ver- sion 1. 4d7.