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Books > Humanities > Philosophy > Topics in philosophy > Social & political philosophy

Human Rights - Old Problems, New Possibilities (Hardcover): David Kinley, Wojciech Sadurski, Kevin Walton Human Rights - Old Problems, New Possibilities (Hardcover)
David Kinley, Wojciech Sadurski, Kevin Walton
R3,291 Discovery Miles 32 910 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

The book sets out to interrogate and challenge many of the distinctions drawn in the human rights discourse; but it also highlights and critiques the different and incomplete ways in which legal philosophers and international lawyers see human rights. These issues are dealt with by some of the leading - and most readable - authors in the field.' - Christof Heyns, University of Pretoria, South Africa and UN Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions'This volume will make a lasting contribution to how we address the dilemmas that human rights theory and practice encounter - for instance, between democracy and human rights, negative and positive rights, or individual and group rights. Philosophers have become indispensable to lawyers' arguments about why human rights matter, and how they must be interpreted: this book superbly illustrates why.' - Olivier De Schutter, University of Louvain, Belgium and United Nations Special Rapporteur on the right to food Reflecting on the various dichotomies through which human rights have traditionally been understood, this book takes account of recent developments in both theories of rights and in international human rights law to present new ways of thinking about some long-standing problems. Leading legal and political philosophers, social theorists and scholars of international law discuss traditional dilemmas and taxonomies in human rights theory, engaging with contemporary scholarship and current practice. The book examines various tensions, such as those between legal and moral rights, positive and negative rights, universal and particular rights, and group and individual rights. Encouraging new thinking about conventional understandings of human rights, this book will strongly appeal to international lawyers, legal and political philosophers, as well as graduate students and upper-level undergraduate students in law and philosophy. Contributors: T. Campbell, P. Emerton, D. Ivison, D. Kinley, E. MacDonald, S. Marks, J. Mowbray, T. Pogge, W. Sadurski, J. Waldron, N. Walker, K. Walton

Why We Are Restless - On the Modern Quest for Contentment (Hardcover): Benjamin Storey, Jenna Silber Storey Why We Are Restless - On the Modern Quest for Contentment (Hardcover)
Benjamin Storey, Jenna Silber Storey
R579 Discovery Miles 5 790 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

A compelling exploration of how our pursuit of happiness makes us unhappy We live in an age of unprecedented prosperity, yet everywhere we see signs that our pursuit of happiness has proven fruitless. Dissatisfied, we seek change for the sake of change-even if it means undermining the foundations of our common life. In Why We Are Restless, Benjamin and Jenna Storey offer a profound and beautiful reflection on the roots of this malaise and examine how we might begin to cure ourselves. Drawing on the insights of Montaigne, Pascal, Rousseau, and Tocqueville, Why We Are Restless explores the modern vision of happiness that leads us on, and the disquiet that follows it like a lengthening shadow. In the sixteenth century, Montaigne articulated an original vision of human life that inspired people to see themselves as individuals dedicated to seeking contentment in the here and now, but Pascal argued that we cannot find happiness through pleasant self-seeking, only anguished God-seeking. Rousseau later tried and failed to rescue Montaigne's worldliness from Pascal's attack. Steeped in these debates, Tocqueville visited the United States in 1831 and, observing a people "restless in the midst of their well-being," discovered what happens when an entire nation seeks worldly contentment-and finds mostly discontent. Arguing that the philosophy we have inherited, despite pretending to let us live as we please, produces remarkably homogenous and unhappy lives, Why We Are Restless makes the case that finding true contentment requires rethinking our most basic assumptions about happiness.

How Compassion can Transform our Politics, Economy, and Society (Paperback): Matt Hawkins, Jennifer Nadel How Compassion can Transform our Politics, Economy, and Society (Paperback)
Matt Hawkins, Jennifer Nadel
R895 Discovery Miles 8 950 Ships in 9 - 15 working days

How Compassion can Transform our Politics, Economy, and Society draws together experts across disciplines - ranging from psychology to climate science, philosophy to economics, history to business - to explore the power of compassion to transform politics, our society, and our economy. The book shows that compassion can be used as the basis of a new political, economic, and social philosophy as well as a practical tool to address climate breakdown, inequality, homelessness, and more. Crucially, it also provides a detailed plan for its execution. It marks the first time that the study of compassion has been applied across multiple disciplines. The book provides a template for the study of compassion on an interdisciplinary basis and will appeal to academics, professionals, and the general reader searching for a fresh and inspiring approach to the seemingly intractable problems facing the world.

Global Governance - Evaluating the Liberal Democratic, Chinese, and Russian Solutions (Paperback): Edward A. Kolodziej Global Governance - Evaluating the Liberal Democratic, Chinese, and Russian Solutions (Paperback)
Edward A. Kolodziej
R1,219 Discovery Miles 12 190 Ships in 9 - 15 working days

How do we prevent the next pandemic? Will governments successfully tackle climate change? Will they find ways to close the gap between the haves and have-nots and to eliminate poverty? Which solution - democratic or authoritarian - will determine the global governance of a f lawed nation-state system? This unique contribution to global studies advances a multidisciplinary theory that the governments of all human societies are the tenuous outcome of the competing solutions to the Imperatives of Order, Welfare, and Legitimacy (OWL). The OWL paradigm provides a common framework to evaluate the contrasting responses of the liberal democratic, Chinese, and Russian solutions to global governance. Underscored is the volume's contention that global governance is the overriding issue confronting nation-states and the diverse and divided peoples of what is now a global society for the first time in the evolution of the species. The volume addresses a wide spectrum of audiences, united in their shared resolve that the democracies prevail in a projected century-long struggle between democratic and authoritarian regimes to determine global governance. Scholars, teachers, students, elected officials, policy analysts, media professionals, and engaged citizens who make self-government work will profit from this visionary and provocative study.

Gender Inclusion in India - Challenges and Strategies (Hardcover): Sabiha Hussain, Suraiya Tabassum Gender Inclusion in India - Challenges and Strategies (Hardcover)
Sabiha Hussain, Suraiya Tabassum
R3,901 Discovery Miles 39 010 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

This book not only aims at highlighting existing inequalities between men and women, but also their efforts to overcome these challenges, especially so in women belonging to marginalized communities. It tries to explore systematic denial of rights to marginalized women-opportunities and resources that are normally and easily available to other members of a group, and which are fundamental to social, political integration and observance of human rights such as housing, employment, healthcare, civic engagement and democratic participation. The authors through their in-depth discussions and writings have tried to sketch Equal World as imagined by John Stuart Mill in the opening lines of The Subjugation of Women. This book is co-published with Aakar Books. Print edition not for sale in South Asia (India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Bhutan)

Policy-Making Processes and the European Constitution - A Comparative Study of Member States and Accession Countries... Policy-Making Processes and the European Constitution - A Comparative Study of Member States and Accession Countries (Paperback)
Thomas Koenig, Simon Hug
R1,369 Discovery Miles 13 690 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

This new volume presents a wealth of fresh data documenting and analyzing the different positions taken by governments in the development of the European Constitution. It examines how such decisions have substantial effects on the sovereignty of nation states and on the lives of citizens, independent of the ratification of a constitution. Few efforts have been made to document constitution building in a systematic and comparative manner, including the different steps and stages of this process. This book examines European Constitution-building by tracing the two-level policy formation process from the draft proposal of the European Convention until the Intergovernmental Conference, which finally adopted the document on the Constitution in June 2004. Following a tight comparative framework, it sheds light on reactions to the proposed constitution in the domestic arena of all the actors involved. It includes a chapter on each of the original ten member states and the fifteen accession states, plus key chapters on the European Commission and European Parliament. This book will be of strong interest to scholars and researchers of European Union politics, comparative politics, and policy-making.

Democracy, Equality, and Justice (Hardcover): Matt Matravers, Lukas Meyer Democracy, Equality, and Justice (Hardcover)
Matt Matravers, Lukas Meyer
R4,217 Discovery Miles 42 170 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

In addressing democracy, equality, and justice together, the book stimulates discussions that go beyond the sometimes increasingly technical and increasingly discrete literatures that now dominate the study of each concept. The chapters fall into four categories: on justice and democracy; justice and equality; justice and community; and justice and the future. Concerns of justice unite all the chapters in this volume. However, these concerns now manifest themselves in interesting and new directions. Politically, the book confronts urgent problems of democracy, equality, community, and of how to respond to potentially catastrophic climate change. The response to these problems cannot only be pragmatic and piecemeal. What emerges are a number of interlinking questions and themes that together constitute the central core of contemporary political philosophy.

This book was previously published as a special issue of the Critical Review of Social and Political Philosophy.

A Democracy That Works - How Working-Class Power Defines Liberal Democracy in the United States (Hardcover): Stephen Amberg A Democracy That Works - How Working-Class Power Defines Liberal Democracy in the United States (Hardcover)
Stephen Amberg
R4,296 Discovery Miles 42 960 Ships in 9 - 15 working days

A Democracy That Works argues that rather than corporate donations, Republican gerrymandering and media manipulation, the conservative ascendancy reflects the reconstruction of the rules that govern work that has disempowered workers. Using six historical case studies from the emergence of the New Deal, and its later overtaking by the conservative neoliberal agenda, to today's intersectional social justice movements, Stephen Amberg deploys situated institutional analysis to show how real actors created the rules that empowered liberal democracy for 50 years and then how Democrats and Republicans undermined democracy by changing those rules, thereby organizing working-class people out of American politics. He draws on multidisciplinary studies to argue that when employees are organized to participate at work, they are also organized to participate in politics to press for accountable government. In doing so, the book opens up analytical space to understand the unprecedented threat to liberal democracy in the U.S. A Democracy That Works is a fresh account of the crisis of democracy that illuminates how historical choices about the role of workers in the polity shaped America's liberal democracy during the 20th century. It will appeal to scholars of American politics and American political development, labor and social movements, democracy and comparative politics.

Israel's Nuclear Dilemma (Routledge Revivals) (Hardcover): Yair Evron Israel's Nuclear Dilemma (Routledge Revivals) (Hardcover)
Yair Evron
R3,944 R1,559 Discovery Miles 15 590 Save R2,385 (60%) Ships in 12 - 17 working days

Originally published in 1994, Yair Evron opens the book with an account of the development of Israel's nuclear doctrine and the internal disagreements within the Israeli political and strategic elite over how nuclear policy should be conducted. There follows an analysis of the reactions from Arab states and of how, with the exception of Iraq, they have so far refrained from developing their own nuclear weapons.

The Individual and the Community - A Historical Analysis of the Motivating Factors Of Social Conduct (Paperback): Wen Kwei Liao The Individual and the Community - A Historical Analysis of the Motivating Factors Of Social Conduct (Paperback)
Wen Kwei Liao
R1,369 Discovery Miles 13 690 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

First published in 2000. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

The Crisis of Marxist Ideology in Eastern Europe - The Poverty of Utopia (Hardcover): Vladimir Tismaneanu The Crisis of Marxist Ideology in Eastern Europe - The Poverty of Utopia (Hardcover)
Vladimir Tismaneanu
R2,730 Discovery Miles 27 300 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

First published in 1988, The Crisis of Marxist Ideology in Eastern Europe states that since de-Stalinisation began in Eastern Europe, the 'dead hand' of institutional Marxism has been eroded by revisionist Marxism, with the turn to young Marx and the philosophy of human emancipation to undermine prevailing orthodoxies. But this revisionism clung to the old socialist dogmas and refused a total break with the system, and the effort eventually failed. The result was the emergence of a dissident counterculture rejecting the system entirely. Independent social movements (such as unofficial peace groups and trade unions like Solidarity) have given this counterculture a major role in Eastern Europe, whilst the ruling elites have responded with confusion. Tismaneanu concludes that the only hope for the anti-totalitarian intellectuals of Eastern Europe is to oppose the regimes with non-Marxist ideas - otherwise they will be permanently reduced to the status of a hopeless, albeit heroic minority. This book will be of interest to students of economics, political science and international relations.

Political Argument (Routledge Revivals) (Hardcover): Brian Barry Political Argument (Routledge Revivals) (Hardcover)
Brian Barry
R5,112 Discovery Miles 51 120 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

Since its publication in 1965, Brian Barry's seminal work has occupied an important role in the revival of Anglo-American political philosophy. A number of ideas and terms in it have become part of the standard vocabulary, such as the distinction between "ideal-regarding" and "want-regarding" principles and the division of principles into aggregative and distributive. The book provided the first precise analysis of the concept of political values having trade-off relations and its analysis of the notion of the public interest has also been significant.

Rethinking the Gay and Lesbian Movement (Paperback, 2nd edition): Marc Stein Rethinking the Gay and Lesbian Movement (Paperback, 2nd edition)
Marc Stein
R1,082 Discovery Miles 10 820 Ships in 9 - 15 working days

Now in its second edition, Rethinking the Gay and Lesbian Movement provides an accessible overview of an important and transformational struggle for social change, highlighting key individuals and events, influential groups and organizations, major successes and failures, and the movement's lasting effects and unfinished work. Focusing on four decades of social, cultural, and political change in the second half of the twentieth century, Marc Stein examines the changing agendas, beliefs, strategies, and vocabularies of a movement that encompassed diverse actions, campaigns, ideologies, and organizations. From the homophile activism of the 1950s and 1960s through the rise of gay liberation and lesbian feminism in the 1970s to the multicultural and AIDS activist movements of the 1980s, this book provides a strong foundation for understanding gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, and queer politics today. This new edition reflects the substantial changes in the field since the book's original publication eleven years ago. Rethinking the Gay and Lesbian Movement will be valued by everyone interested in LGBTQ struggles, the politics of movement activism, and the history of social justice in the United States.

Foucault and International Relations - New Critical Engagements (Hardcover): Nicholas Kiersey, Doug Stokes Foucault and International Relations - New Critical Engagements (Hardcover)
Nicholas Kiersey, Doug Stokes
R3,916 Discovery Miles 39 160 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

The recent debate about biopolitics in International Relations (IR) theory may well prove to be one of the most provocative and rewarding engagements with the concept of power in the history of the discipline. Building on Foucault's arguments concerning the role played by the concept of security in 19th-century liberal government, numerous IR scholars are now arguing for the relevance of his theories of biopolitics and governmentality for understanding the Global War on Terror (GWOT) and broader issues of security and governance in the post 9/11 world.

Conversely, others have criticized this idea. Marxist and Communitarian scholars have challenged the notion that the category of biopolitics can be 'scaled' up to the level of international relations with any analytical precision. This edited volume covers these debates in IR with a series of critical engagements with Foucault's own thought and its increasing relevance for understanding international relations in the post 9/11 world.

This book was based on a special issue of Global Society.

Expertise, Policy-making and Democracy - Leave it to the Experts? (Hardcover): Johan Christensen, Cathrine Holst, Anders... Expertise, Policy-making and Democracy - Leave it to the Experts? (Hardcover)
Johan Christensen, Cathrine Holst, Anders Molander
R1,386 Discovery Miles 13 860 Ships in 9 - 15 working days

This book offers a concise and accessible introduction to debates about expertise, policy-making and democracy. It uniquely combines an overview of recent research on the policy role of experts with discussions in political philosophy and the philosophy of expertise. Starting with the fact that well-functioning democracies require experts and expert knowledge, the book examines two types of objections against granting experts a larger role in policy-making: concerns that focus on the nature and limits of expert knowledge, and those that concentrate on tensions between expertization and democracy. With this, the book discusses how expert arrangements can be organized to ensure the epistemic qualities of policies and democratic credentials, at the same time. The book will be of interest to scholars and students of political theory and democracy, public policy and administration, and to anyone interested in the role of expertise in society.

Crimes of State Past and Present - Government-Sponsored Atrocities and International Legal Responses (Hardcover): David Crowe Crimes of State Past and Present - Government-Sponsored Atrocities and International Legal Responses (Hardcover)
David Crowe
R2,597 Discovery Miles 25 970 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

War Crimes and acts of genocide are as old as history itself, but particularly during the 20th century. Yet what are war crimes and acts of genocide? And why did it take the world so long to define these crimes and develop legal institutions to bring to justice individuals and nations responsible such crimes? Part of the answer lies in the nature of the major wars fought in the 20th century and in the changing nature of warfare itself. This study looks at war crimes committed during the Second World War in the USSR, Yugoslavia, Germany, and efforts to bring the perpetrators to justice. This led to successful postwar efforts to define and outlaw such crimes and, more recently, the creation of two international courts to bring war criminals to justice. This did not prevent the commitment of war crimes and acts of genocide throughout the world, particularly in Asia and Africa. And while efforts to bring war criminals to justice has been enhanced by the work of these courts, the problems associated with civil wars, command responsibility, and other issues have created new challenges for the international legal community in terms of the successful adjudication of such crimes. This book was based on a special issue of Nationalities Papers.

Tackling Terrorism in Britain - Threats, Responses, and Challenges Twenty Years After 9/11 (Paperback): Steven Greer Tackling Terrorism in Britain - Threats, Responses, and Challenges Twenty Years After 9/11 (Paperback)
Steven Greer
R1,209 Discovery Miles 12 090 Ships in 9 - 15 working days

In September 2001, the world witnessed the horrific events of 9/11. A great deal has happened on the counterterrorist front in the 20 years since. While the terrorist threat has greatly diminished in Northern Ireland, the events of 9/11 and their aftermath have ushered in a new phase for the rest of the UK with some familiar, but also many novel, characteristics. This ambitious study takes stock of counterterrorism in Britain in this anniversary year. Assessing current challenges, and closely mirroring the 'four Ps' of the official CONTEST counterterrorist strategy - Protect, Prepare, Prevent, and Pursue - it seeks to summarize and grasp the essence of domestic law and policy, without being burdened by excessive technical detail. It also provides a rigorous, context-aware, illuminating, yet concise, accessible, and policy-relevant analysis of this important and controversial subject, grounded in relevant social science, policy studies, and legal scholarship. This book will be an important resource for students and scholars in law and social science, as well as human rights, terrorism, counterterrorism, security, and conflict studies.

Christian Democracy in France (Routledge Revivals) (Hardcover): R.E.M. Irving Christian Democracy in France (Routledge Revivals) (Hardcover)
R.E.M. Irving
R4,223 Discovery Miles 42 230 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

Christian Democracy, which may briefly be defined as organised political action by Catholic democrats, has been a major political force in Western Europe since the Second World War, not least in France. The aim of this book, first published in 1973, is to trace the Development of Christian Democracy in France from its origins in the 1830s to the present day, discussing its theories and its importance in French history and politics, with particular (but by no means exclusive) reference to the Fourth Republic (1946-58) when the MRP was one of the key centre parties. Dr Irving provides a thorough analysis of MRP, its economic, foreign and colonial policies, and gives reasons for the relative decline of French Christian Democracy in the 1960s. This French movement has been little understood in Britain and a throrough history has been badly needed. This study will be valuable to all those who, in the context of a United Europe, wish to understand the political forces at work at its conception. It will be valuable especially to students of modern history and politics.

What Nazism Did to Psychoanalysis (Paperback): Laurence Kahn What Nazism Did to Psychoanalysis (Paperback)
Laurence Kahn
R1,013 Discovery Miles 10 130 Ships in 9 - 15 working days

* Explores how the rise of Nazism went alongside the development of psychoanalysis * Examines how the Nazi distortion of language affected psychoanalysis * Covers how this language distortion continues to affect psychoanalytic theory and practice

The National Movement in Scotland (Hardcover): Jack Brand The National Movement in Scotland (Hardcover)
Jack Brand; Preface by James Mitchell
R2,997 Discovery Miles 29 970 Ships in 9 - 15 working days

Originally published in 1978, but now re-issued with a new Preface by James Mitchell, this volume traces the rise of the SNP, with special emphasis on explaining the increase of the National Party vote in Scotland from the early 1960s to the late 1970s. The book draws much of its information from interviews with members and ex-members of the SNP, including some who helped to found the party in 1928. In describing the movement and giving an account of its main features, the author begins with a discussion of various aspects of Scottish society which have contributed to the growth of nationalism. These include the political developments of the Labour movement, the economic history of 20th Century Scotland the development of youth culture and in particular, the interest in folk music, as well as developments in the Church, the army, and the press.

Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (Routledge Revivals) - A Biography (Hardcover): George Woodcock Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (Routledge Revivals) - A Biography (Hardcover)
George Woodcock
R3,507 R2,756 Discovery Miles 27 560 Save R751 (21%) Ships in 12 - 17 working days

Pierre Joseph Proudhon (1809-1865) is one of the most important French social theoreticians of the nineteenth century. George Woodcock's book, first published in 1956, was the first full-scale biography of Proudhon in the English language.

Proudhon's influence on the French Socialist movement was immense and he played a great part in the First International and Paris Commune, in French syndicalism and in contemporary movements for currency reform.

Proudhon's significance also reaches forward into the contemporary era, when his massive distrust of the state and his teaching of the need for world federation took on a new importance in a world threatened by the explosive rivalries of giant nationalistic states.

An Introduction to Political Philosophy (Routledge Revivals) (Hardcover): A.R.M. Murray An Introduction to Political Philosophy (Routledge Revivals) (Hardcover)
A.R.M. Murray
R3,920 Discovery Miles 39 200 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

First published in 1953, this seminal introduction to political philosophy is intended for both the student of political theory and for the general reader. After an introduction which explains the nature and purpose of philosophy, Dr Murray provides a critical examination of the principle theories advanced by political philosophers from Plato to Marx, paying special attention to contemporary issues.

The book also makes an attempt to define the essential issues of philosophical significance in contemporary politics, with special reference to the conflict between political authority and individual rights, and to show how the different moral assumptions underlying authoritarian and democratic systems of government are ultimately based upon different theories of logic.

Freedom and Equality (Routledge Revivals) - The Moral Basis of Democratic Socialism (Hardcover): Keith Dixon Freedom and Equality (Routledge Revivals) - The Moral Basis of Democratic Socialism (Hardcover)
Keith Dixon
R3,902 Discovery Miles 39 020 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

Unashamedly polemical, this reissue of Freedom & Equality, first published in 1986, presents a strong and persuasively argued case for democratic socialism. In contrast to many recent books justifying conservatism and varieties of Marxism, Keith Dixon defends the two great principles underpinning democratic socialism a " freedom and equality. He aims both to restore the idea of freedom to its proper place in the political vocabulary of the left and to defend a stark version of freedom as absence of constraint. Only this version of freedom, he argues, is consistent with the proper defence of civil liberties. Dixon also defends radical egalitarianism from its critics, who either repudiate its full force or reject it out of hand. He believes that freedom and equality are potentially realizable socialist goals, that democratic socialism is not necessarily linked with fraternalism, and a " above all a " that it should be based upon a firm and consistent conception of individuality.

The Philosophy of Social Science Reader (Hardcover): Francesco Guala, Daniel Steel The Philosophy of Social Science Reader (Hardcover)
Francesco Guala, Daniel Steel
R4,096 Discovery Miles 40 960 Ships in 12 - 17 working days

The Philosophy of Social Science Reader is an outstanding, comprehensive and up-to-date collection of key readings in the philosophy of social science, covering the essential issues, problems and debates in this important interdisciplinary area.

Each section is carefully introduced by the editors, and the readings placed in context. The anthology is organized into seven clear parts:

  • Values and Social Science
  • Causal Inference and Explanation
  • Interpretation
  • Rationality and Choice
  • Individualism
  • Norms
  • Cultural Evolution.

Featuring the work of influential philosophers and social scientists such as Ernest Nagel, Ian Hacking, John Searle, Clifford Geertz, Daniel Kahneman, Steven Lukes and Richard Dawkins, The Philosophy of Social Science Reader is the ideal text for philosophy of social science courses, and for students in related disciplines interested in the differences between the social and natural sciences.

Dictatorship - New Trajectories in Law (Paperback): Dimitrios Kivotidis Dictatorship - New Trajectories in Law (Paperback)
Dimitrios Kivotidis
R618 Discovery Miles 6 180 Ships in 9 - 15 working days

This book analyses the institution and concept of dictatorship from a legal, historical and theoretical perspective, examining the different types of dictatorship, their relationship to the law, as well as the analytical value of the concept in contemporary world. In particular, it seeks to codify the main theories and conceptions of 'dictatorship', with the goal of unearthing their contradictions. The book's main premise is that the concept of dictatorship and the different types of the dictatorial form have to be assessed and can only be understood in their historical context. On this basis, the elaborations on dictatorship of such diverse thinkers as Carl Schmitt, Donoso Cortes, Karl Marx, Ernst Fraenkel, Franz Neumann, Nicos Poulantzas, and V. I. Lenin, are discussed in their historical context: 'classical and Caesaristic dictatorship' in ancient Rome, 'dictatorship' in revolutionary France of 1789 and counterrevolutionary France of 1848, 'fascist dictatorship' in Nazi Germany, and 'dictatorship of the proletariat' in Russia of 1917. The book contributes to the theory of dictatorship as it outlines the contradictions of the different typologies of the dictatorial form and seeks to explain them on the basis of the concept of 'class dictatorship'. The book's original claim is that the dictatorial form, as a modality of class rule that relies predominantly on violence and repression, has been essential to the reproduction of bourgeois rule and, consequently, of capitalist social relations. This function has given rise to different types and conceptualisations of dictatorship depending on the level of capitalist development. This book is addressed to anyone with an interest in law, political theory, political history and sociology. It can serve as core text for courses that seek to introduce students to the institution or theory of dictatorship. It may also serve as a reference text for post-graduate programs in law and politics, because of its interdisciplinary and critical approach.

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