Topographic Laser Ranging and Scanning, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive discussion of topographic LiDAR principles, systems, data acquisition, and data processing techniques. This edition presents an introduction and summary of various LiDAR systems and their principles and addresses the operational principles of the different components and ranging methods of LiDAR systems. It discusses the subsequent geometric processing of LiDAR data, with particular attention to quality, accuracy, and meeting standards and addresses the theories and practices of information extraction from LiDAR data, including terrain surface generation, forest inventory, orthoimage generation, building reconstruction, and road extraction. Written by leaders in the field, this comprehensive compilation is a must-have reference book for senior undergraduate and graduate students majoring or working in diverse disciplines, such as geomatics, geodesy, natural resources, urban planning, computer vision, and computer graphics. It is also vital resource for researchers who are interested in developing new methods and need in-depth knowledge of laser scanning and data processing and other professionals may gain the same from the broad topics addressed in this book. New in the Second Edition: A comprehensive array of new laser ranging and scanning technologies. Developments in LiDAR data format and processing techniques. Regrouping of surface modeling, representations and reconstruction. Enhanced discussions on the principles and fundamentals beyond small-footprint pulsed laser systems and new application examples. Many new examples and illustrations.

Understanding Housing Defects provides a concise, coherent and comprehensive introduction to the causes, investigation and diagnosis of defects in domestic buildings. For this new edition, many of the chapters have been substantially updated and new photographs have been added. There are four new chapters covering: How defects are defined An overview of building and architectural history External joinery and painted finishes Environmental and health- related building problems Many of the 21 chapters cover a specific building element and include a brief introduction setting out construction principles and the evolution of current practice. All of the chapters consider the identification, cause and diagnosis of common (and sometimes not so common) defects. This book is a must have for all those students and practitioners who require a broad understanding of housing defects. Building surveyors, general practice surveyors, architects, estate agents, housing officers and anyone involved in the management and maintenance of property as well as its construction will benefit hugely from this highly informative full-colour text. Written by the authors of The Construction of Houses, the book is also the natural companion to this bestselling textbook.

Real Estate and GIS focuses on the application of geographic information systems (GIS) and mapping technologies in the expanding property and real estate discipline. Whilst a thorough understanding of location is understood to be fundamental to the property discipline, real estate professionals and students have yet to harness the full potential of spatial analysis and mapping in their work. This book demonstrates the crucial role that technological advances can play in collecting, organising and analysing large volumes of real estate data in order to improve decision-making. International case studies, chapter summaries and discussion questions make this book the perfect textbook for property and applied GIS courses. Property and real estate professionals including surveyors, valuers, property developers, urban economists and financial analysts will also find this book an invaluable guide to the understanding and application of GIS technology within a real estate industry context.

Written for students taking courses in building and surveying, 'Estimating for Builders and Surveyors' describes and explains the method used by the estimator to build up prices or rates for items described in the SMM7 format. Each chapter is a self-contained unit related to a particular element in the building. Worked examples throughout reflect both traditional and up-to-date technology. Written by an author team of academics and professional surveyors, this book continues to be an invaluable introduction to the subject of estimating.

* Written in line with The Standard Method of Measurement of Building Works to provide professional relevance
* Worked examples throughout ensure the student can practice the techniques described
* Comprehensive coverage of the trades gives the reader a complete picture

For beginning to intermediate courses in construction estimating in two- and four-year construction management programs. A step-by-step, hands-on introduction to commercial and residential estimating Construction Estimating with Excel, 3/e, introduces readers to the fundamental principles of estimating using drawing sets, real-world exercises, and examples. The book moves step-by-step through the estimating process, discussing the art of estimating, the quantity takeoff, how to put costs to the estimate, and how to finalize the bid. As students progress through the text they are shown how Microsoft Excel can be used to improve the estimating process. Because it introduces spreadsheets as a way of increasing estimating productivity and accuracy, the book can help both beginning and experienced estimators improve their skills. The Third Edition gives students a broader understanding of construction estimating with a new chapter discussing the role that estimating plays in different project delivery methods and in the design process and how to use data from RSMeans. To bring the book up to date, the material and equipment costs and labor rates have been updated to reflect current costs, and the discussion of Excel (including the figures) is based on Excel 2016. Additionally, content throughout the book has been updated to align to ACCE and ABET student learning outcomes. Student resources are available on the companion website www.pearsonhighered.com/careersresources/.

Plane and Geodetic Surveying blends together theory and practice, conventional techniques and satellite-based methods, to provide the ideal book for students of surveying. It gives detailed guidance on how and when the principal surveying instruments (total stations, levels and navigational satellite receivers) should be used. It fully and clearly explains the concepts and formulae needed to convert instrument readings into useful and reliable results. It offers rigorous explanations of the theoretical background to surveying, while at the same time providing a wealth of useful advice about conducting a survey in practice. The book also contains an accompanying least square adjustment program that is available for free download. What's New in the Second Edition: Revises and updates the text to reflect recent developments in satellite navigation, laser scanners and total stations Provides a more rigorous treatment of how to calculate and use mean earth curvature in geodetic geometry Includes substantial additional information on precise levelling, spherical and ellipsoidal geometry, trigonometric heighting and setting out Offers a fuller description of mapping systems, including the State Plane Coordinate System This book is essential for all students of surveying and for practitioners who need a 'stand-alone' text for further reading.

The primary aim of this book is to provide a guide to current practice and equipment for non-specialist surveyors in the various professions involved in the construction industry and the environment. It is suitable for students preparing for degrees and diplomas in architecture, building, building surveying, quantity surveying, estate management and town planning and environmental studies. It is also of value to engineers who are not specialising in engineering surveying.
This book has been thoroughly revised to include new topics such as OS digital mapping, standard deviation and standard error, global positioning systems, transition and vertical curves.
Walter Whyte was born in New Zealand of Scottish parents and educated in Scotland. He worked on site and building surveys in Scotland. He worked on site and building surveys in Scotland, then on road survey and setting out in the North Nyanza and Uasin Gishu Provinces of Kenya, and as a road engineer in British Southern Cameroons and Northern Nigeria, De Montford University in the UK and latterly at City University, Hong Kong.
Raymond E Paul has been professionally involved in surveying for over 40 years as a land and cartographical surveyor, senior lecturer and author. He has a wealth of practical experience and an awareness of the needs of the intended users of this book from all corners of the globe.
*Thoroughly revised, up to date and completely reset in an easily readable style.
*Virtually all chapters have been rewritten and the contents rearranged to allow easy reference to individual topics.

There are few tasks in surveying that carry more onerous responsibilities than setting out. The financial cost of mistakes can be horrendous and completely out of proportion to the perceived value of the task. Setting out is just one part of a complex series of processes which spans the whole project from inception to final construction and beyond. Accurate and efficient setting out is essential if any civil engineering project is to meet the stringent financial targets imposed upon it by modern construction systems.

The Greeks and, especially, the Romans are famous for the heroic engineering of their aqueducts, tunnels and roads. They also measured the circumference of the earth and the heights of mountains with fair precision. This book presents new translations (from Greek, Latin, Arabic, Hebrew and Syriac) of all the ancient texts concerning surveying, including major sources hitherto untapped. It explores the history of surveying instruments, notably the Greek dioptra and the Roman libra, and with the help of tests with reconstructions explains how they were used in practice. This is a subject which has never been tackled before in anything like this depth. The Greeks emerge as the pioneers of instrumental surveying and, though their equipment and methods were simple by modern standards, they and the Romans can be credited with a level of technical sophistication which must count as one of the greatest achievements of the ancient world.

The Great Indian Arc of the Meridian, begun in 1800, was the longest measurement of the earth's surface ever to have been attempted. Its 1600 miles of inch perfect survey took nearly fifty years, cost more lives than most contemporary wars, and involved equations more complex than any in the pre-computer age. Hailed as 'one of the most stupendous works in the history of science', it was also one of the most perilous. Through hill and jungle, flood and fever, an intrepid band of surveyors carried the Arc from the southern tip of the Indian subcontinent up into the frozen wastes of the Himalayas. William Lambton, an endearing genius, had conceived the idea; George Everest, an impossible martinet, completed it. Both found the technical difficulties horrendous. With instruments weighing half a ton, their observations had often to be conducted from flimsy platforms ninety feet above the ground or from mountain peaks enveloped in blizzard. Malaria wiped out whole survey parties; tigers and scorpions also took their toll.

Yet the results were commensurate. The Great Arc made possible the mapping of the entire Indian subcontinent and the development of its roads, railways and telegraphs. India as we now know it was defined in the process. The Arc also resulted in the first accurate measurements of the Himalayas, an achievement which was acknowledged by the naming of the world's highest mountain in honour of Everest. More important still, by producing new values for the curvature of the earth's surface, the Arc significantly advanced our knowledge of the exact shape of our planet.

"More extraordinary than any fiction."
CHARLOTTE CORY, MAIL ON SUNDAY

"A triumph."
ANDREW TAYLOR, LITERARY REVIEW

"This wonderful book – surely Keay's most compelling, and one of the most remarkable works of non-fiction to be published this year – is a fitting monument not just to Everest but also to the Great Arc itself."
WILLIAM DALRYMPLE, SUNDAY TIMES

The Greeks and Romans achieved extraordinary feats of surveying in building their aqueducts, tunnels and roads and in measuring the circumference of the earth and the heights of mountains. This book, which contains translations of all the ancient texts on surveying instruments, including major sources hitherto untapped, sets out to reconstruct the instruments and to explain how they were used. The subject has never been tackled before in this detail, and a level of technical sophistication emerges which must count as one of the greatest achievements of the ancient world.

This book presents the developments of geodesy from antiquity through the Middle Ages and the early modern era, right up to the middle of the 20th century, with a special focus on the developments in Germany.

In 1790, America was in enormous debt, having depleted what little money and supplies the country had during its victorious fight for independence. Before the nation's greatest asset, the land west of the Ohio River, could be sold it had to be measured out and mapped. And before that could be done, a uniform set of measurements had to be chosen for the new republic out of the morass of roughly 100,000 different units that were in use in daily life.

Measuring America tells the fascinating story of how we ultimately gained the American Customary System—the last traditional system in the world—and how one man's surveying chain indelibly imprinted its dimensions on the land, on cities, and on our culture from coast to coast.

Base retracement on solid research and historically accurate interpretation

"Interpreting Land Records" is the industry's most complete guide to researching and understanding the historical records germane to land surveying. Coverage includes boundary retracement and the primary considerations during new boundary establishment, as well as an introduction to historical records and guidance on effective research and interpretation. This new edition includes a new chapter titled "Researching Land Records," and advice on overcoming common research problems and insight into alternative resources when official records are unavailable. Topical case studies provide helpful, plain-language descriptions of methods, problems, and resolutions, and appendices provide definitions, context, and modern interpretation of historical words and phrases. The text features exhaustive coverage and notes, with hundreds of case law citations annotated with expert insight that gives readers the complete background of the methods and techniques discussed.

Boundary retracement entails the recovery of historical documents related to the original boundary, correct interpretation and analysis, and the accurate application of historic survey principles with correlation to conditions on the ground. This builds a legally-sound defense to the location of the boundary, and is crucial element to any project or transaction concerning land. "Interpreting Land Records" is the pre-eminent reference to help readers: Interpret historical land records, understanding their creation and documentationBecome familiar with the various methods of historic surveysOvercome common research issues, including lost or corrupted recordsEstablish boundaries free of vagueness or abstraction, with clear documentation

Haphazard retracement leaves a boundary open to dispute and complicates future retracement efforts. Accuracy depends in part on quality research and the accurate interpretation of available documents. "Interpreting Land Records" provides comprehensive, practical guidance toward retracement based on sound evidence and technique.

McCormac's 6th edition of "Surveying" provides a basic overview to help readers understand and communicate with surveyors. New features include more applications in engineering areas such as environmental, transportation, geotechnical, construction; more applications to GIS and GPS; added coverage of Geomatics, including setting up data to do analysis and make decisions; and more examples and increase number of homework problems.

Over the past decade, advances in the field of close-range photogrammetry have been rapid and the era of digital photogrammetry is well on its way. This book provides a complete account of the subject with contributions from international experts.;The methodology, algorithms, techniques and equipment necessary to achieve real-time digital photogrammetric solutions are presented, together with contemporary aspects of close-range photogrammetry. Advances in the theory are presented as are a range of important applications of photogrammetry which illustrate the flexibility and comprehensive nature of these techniques of three-dimensional measurement.

Condition surveys are becoming increasingly important and standardised in approach but are a high risk service with the potential for legal consequences if mistakes are made. Professionals therefore require clear, up-to-date advice on how to inspect and report accurately and this book provides a one-stop shop of uniquely practical, concise and accessible guidance written by one of the leading authorities in the field. The key coverage includes; * Domestic and commercial surveys; surveys for historic, new and dilapidated buildings * Improvements to surveys including the inclusion of colour photographs, condition ratings, use of the term 'technical due diligence' and increased professionalization * New techniques for further investigation including thermography, endoscopy and ground radar * Advances in the diagnosis of causes of masonry cracking * New hazards such as Japanese Knotweed * Updated to reflect the latest RICS regulations, legislation and guidance on building surveying * Case studies of both bad and good practice and images to illustrate real world problems and solutions This will be a well-thumbed reference on-site or at your desk for architects, surveyors and other construction professionals. It will also be invaluable for students of surveying, estate management and construction as well as student architects at Part 3.

Originally published in 1926, this book was written as a manual for engineers and surveyors on the essential principles of photographic surveying. Directions for practical exercises are provided and information is given on the use of apparatus. Illustrative figures and a bibliography are also included. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in photographic surveying, cartography, topography and geology.

Cornell Weller untersucht in diesem Buch subjektive Einflusse der Schadensbewertung in Bauwerksprufungen nach DIN 1076. Zur Reduzierung von Bewertungsunsicherheiten werden zusatzliche Bewertungsstufen in das Verfahren der RI-EBW-PRUEF eingefuhrt. Die Fragestellung, ob mit dem modifizierten Verfahren Tendenzen der Schadensfortschreitung fruhzeitiger erfassbar sind, wird anhand einer Stichprobe von 220.000 einzelnen Bruckenschaden analysiert. Die wirtschaftlichen Auswirkungen der fruhzeitigeren Erfassung dieser Tendenzen werden in Kostenrechnungen mit Hilfe der Risiko- und Szenarioanalyse ausgewertet.

A concise, highly accessible source for site engineering basics.

This updated edition of Parker's classic text introduces the basic issues, tasks, and problems of site engineering to students and professionals who need to understand the significance of surveying data. It presents the fundamentals of site engineering —surveying and mapping, drainage, slope stabilization, and basic structures —and explains in detail the solutions to a wide variety of problems, including:

• Interpretation of deed descriptions
• Dimensioning buildings and sites when angles are other than right angles
• Computing areas for irregular plots
• Dimensioning and laying out circular curves for driveways and buildings
• And much more.

Featuring a simplified, accessible style with numerous examples of problems and their solutions, as well as references and practical aids that facilitate home study, this is the ideal surveying and site-planning primer for students in architecture, landscape architecture, and civil and structural engineering. It is also an excellent handbook for working architects, building contractors, and professionals in related fields.

A comprehensive manual that examines the systems available for data capture and photogrammetic processing, and provides an opportunity for readers to apply photo-interpretation, reconnaissance and photomapping techniques to many planning, resource harvesting, pollution prevention, civil engineering, disaster mitigation and containment requirements. Included within the 12 chapters are the principles of digital systems, digital aerial photography, cameras, survey-camera mountings, survey navigation, GPS and (d)GPS systems. In addition there is sound coverage of soft-copy photogrammetry, gorund survey control and a final chapter devoted to typical digital air surveys worldwide.