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Books > History > American history > From 1900 > Postwar, from 1945 > Vietnam War
In 1966, nine young men left the Arizona desert mining camp of
Morenci to serve their country in the far-flung jungles of Vietnam,
in danger zones from Hue to Khe Sanh. Ultimately, only three
survived. Each battled survivor's guilt, difficult re-entries into
civilian life, and traumas from personally experiencing war-and
losing close friends along the way. Such stories recurred
throughout America, but the Morenci Marines stood out. ABC News and
Time magazine recounted their moving tale during the war, and, in
2007, the Arizona Republic selected the ""Morenci Nine"" as the
most important veterans' story in state history. Returning to the
soldiers' Morenci roots, Kyle Longley's account presents their
story as unique by setting and circumstance, yet typical of the
sacrifices borne by small towns all across America. His narrative
spotlights a generation of young people who joined the military
during the tumultuous 1960s and informs a later generation of the
hard choices made, many with long-term consequences. The story of
the Morenci Marines also reflects that of their hometown: a company
town dominated by the Phelps Dodge Mining Corporation, where the
company controlled lives and the labor strife was legendary. The
town's patriotic citizens saw Vietnam as a just cause, moving Clive
Garcia's mother to say, ""He died for this cause of freedom."" Yet
while their sons fought and sent home their paychecks, Phelps Dodge
sought to destroy the union that kept families afloat, pushing the
government to end a strike that it said undermined the war effort.
Morenci was also a place where cultures intermingled, and the nine
friends included three Mexican Americans and one Native American.
Longley reveals how their backgrounds affected their decisions to
join and also helped the survivors cope, with Mike Cranford racing
his Harley on back roads at high speeds while Joe Sorrelman tried
to deal with demons of war through Navajo rituals. Drawing on
personal interviews and correspondence that sheds new light on the
Morenci Nine, Longley has written a book as much about loss, grief,
and guilt as about the battlefield. It makes compelling reading for
anyone who lived in that era-and for anyone still seeing family
members go off to fight in controversial wars.
During the Vietnam War, when conventional warfare tactics weren't
proving enough to eliminate Communist insurgency, the U.S. Army
implemented small unit operations to take a new kind of fight to
the enemy. Five to six man Long Range Patrol teams, composed of
specially trained young enlisted soldiers, went behind enemy lines
to gather intelligence on Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army
units, capture POWs, or set deadly ambushes that unnerved the enemy
in their once-thought-secure jungle sanctuaries. These Long Range
Patrol or LRP teams would lead to the re-establishment of the 75th
Infantry Ranger Companies in combat and would carry on the proud
history and legacy of the U.S. Army Rangers. It would also earn
them a coveted place in special operations units, at times at a
painful and deadly cost. In this remarkably humble, first-hand
account, Seymour covers what it took to do 54 LRP/Ranger missions
behind the lines, and the dozens of team insertions and white
knuckle extractions that he took part in. In The Jungle... Camping
with the Enemy offers a unique and personal insight from an
extraordinary soldier and those who served as LRP/Rangers with the
U.S. Army First Air Cavalry Division.
To fully comprehend the Vietnam War, it is essential to understand
the central role that southerners played in the nation's commitment
to the war, in the conflict's duration, and in the fighting itself.
President Lyndon B. Johnson of Texas and Secretary of State Dean
Rusk of Georgia oversaw the dramatic escalation of U.S. military
involvement from 1965 through 1968. General William Westmoreland,
born and raised in South Carolina, commanded U.S. forces during
most of the Johnson presidency. Widely supported by their
constituents, southern legislators collectively provided the most
dependable support for war funding and unwavering opposition to
measures designed to hasten U.S. withdrawal from the conflict. In
addition, southerners served, died, and were awarded the Medal of
Honor in numbers significantly disproportionate to their states'
populations. In The American South and the Vietnam War, Joseph A.
Fry demonstrates how Dixie's majority pro-war stance derived from a
host of distinctly regional values, perspectives, and interests. He
also considers the views of the dissenters, from student protesters
to legislators such as J. William Fulbright, Albert Gore Sr., and
John Sherman Cooper, who worked in the corridors of power to end
the conflict, and civil rights activists such as Martin Luther King
Jr., Muhammad Ali, and Julian Bond, who were among the nation's
most outspoken critics of the war. Fry's innovative and masterful
study draws on policy analysis and polling data as well as oral
histories, transcripts, and letters to illuminate not only the
South's influence on foreign relations, but also the personal costs
of war on the home front.
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