Biomineralization is the process that produces the skeletons, shells, and teeth of most animals. It is also involved in magnetic orientation, gravity detection, and the storing of ions. This book compares a diverse number of systems, including mineral deposition of invertebrates, vertebrates, algae, and microorganisms. Emphasis is placed on the systems responsible for converting ions to minerals and the mechanisms and control of mineral form.

In the last 50 years the tiger population in Asia has plummeted from 100,000 to about 5,000. The number of tigers is dangerously low, and the conservation of the world's remaining tigers is of global concern. Now, in this volume, 40 world authorities on tigers from Asia, Europe, and North America have summarized and identified the management, conservation, and research needs for this endangered species.
A new disciplineuconservation biologyuis emerging and this book is an early contribution. It spans and unites theory, laboratory, and field studies with management practices of both the wild and captive populations.
The book is based on the international symposium held in Minnesota, discusses the tiger's systematics and taxonomy, its status both in the wild and captivity, reproductive biology, and management and conservation strategies. In addition, an entire section is devoted to a discussion of the white tiger. The tigers of Indonesia, Nepal, Siberia, and China, as well as captive tigers are discussed. Finally, the information in this book places real numbers on the remaining tiger populations, their habitat that is protected, and probabilities of these populations surviving an extinction."

The present book is divided into several parts. An introductory chapter serves to make the reader aware of the diversity of the subject of habitat selection in birds. Many if the various aspects of habitat selection introduced in the first chapter are developed in subsequent chapters, and thus it serves to some extent as an overview of the subject and as a "lead-in" to subsequent work.

The first major and most comprehensive synthesis of results from ecological, naturalistic behavioral, comparative psychological and humanoid language research on apes since the classic work, The Great Apes, by Robert M. and Ada Yerkes in 1929. Based on more than 1,360 references from scientific journals, monographs, symposium volumes and other public sources, the book contains a wealth of current information on the taxonomy, ecology, postural and locomotive behavior, natural communications, anmd social behavior of the apes. Topical discussions in the book are organized to show the extent of progress, including the development of new research questions, and the way our views of apes have changed as new information has become available since 1929.

A thorough revision and update of the first edition, this Second Edition is designed to create an awareness of the rapidly developing field of allelopathy. The author appraises existing knowledge in certain critical areas, such as roles of allelopathy in the prevention of seed decay and in the nitrogen cycle, the chemical nature of allelopathic compounds, factors affecting concentrations of allelochemics in plants, movement of allelochemics from plants and absorption and translocation by other plants, mechanisms of action of allelopathic agents, and factors determining effectiveness of allelopathic compounds after egression from producing organisms. Areas in which more basic and applied research is needed are emphasized. A discussion of terminology and early history of allelopathy is followed by a discussion of the important roles of allelopathy in forestry, agriculture, plant pathology, and natural ecosystems. A separate listing of the phyla of plants demonstrated to have allelopathic species is also included.
Allelopathy, Second Edition, is a comprehensive review of the literature on allelopathy, integrating information on allelopathy with important information on ecological and agronomic problems, citing more than 1000 references. Among those who will find this to be a valuable source of information are ecologists, horticulturists, botanists, plant pathologists, phytochemists, agricultural scientists, and plant breeders.

Gazelles and their relatives are important game animals in Africa and Asia; they have been successfully introduced into the US and they are also kept in zoos throughout the world. The occurrence of territorial behavior and its importance for the reproduction of gazelles has been recognized for some time; thus specific information on their territorial behavior is desirable both for scientific and for practical reasons. This book provides the first concrete information on territory size and shape, duration of territorial periods, reoccupation of territories, phases of territoriality, the process of becoming territorial and of abandoning the territory, favorable and unfavorable environmental factors for territorial establishment, and territoriality as antagonist of migratory behavior. Also included are many previously unknown details of traditional territorial behavior, such as differences in the aggression of owners of territories toward (male) conspecifics of different age and social class, the structure of a marking system within a territory, etc.

Acoustic Communication in Birds, Volume 1: Production, Perception, and Design Features of Sounds presents the scientific study of bird vocalizations. This book discusses the relations between the physical structure of bird vocalization and their quality as perceived by the recipient. Organized into nine chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the first sound recording of bird sound. This text then outlines some of the complex processes and events between sound production and behavior response to sound. Other chapters consider the study of neural control of vocalizations in birds. This book discusses as well the acoustic information transmitted through the wide range of habitats plays a crucial role in different avian behaviors, including individual and species recognition, territorial defense, mate selection, and song learning. The final chapter deals with a more detailed functional interpretation of a particular sound. This book is a valuable resource for ornithologists, ethologists, and research workers.

This book is intended to provide a substantive treatment of plant disease management for graduate and undergraduate students in which theoretical and practical elements are combined. Reference is made to specific diseases and control practices to illustrate basic principles or strategies. The section on epidemiology includes a chapter in which arthropod vectors (aphids, leafhoppers, whiteflies, Coleoptera and mites) are briefly discussed, and the section on control includes references to the use of crop varieties with resistance to such vectors, and also contains information on mechanical, cultural, biological and chemical measures that contribute to vector control.

The technology of disease management is presented according to epidemiological principles. Sections on diagnosis, epidemiology, environmental factors, disease forecasting, disease control (exclusion, physical, chemical and biological), plant resistance, cultural modifications to suppress epidemics, effects of chemicals and their major groups and uses, and examples of disease management in practice are included. A bibliography and index are appended.

Since the early 1940s, North America has been the focus of studies of free-ranging wolves. Much of Canada and most of Alaska support numerous, viable and sometimes thriving wolf populations. This comprehensive text considers the behavior and ecology of wild wolves in North America, Europe, Eurasia, Israel, and Iran. It also discusses wolf behavior in captivity and methods of conservation. This book and others in the Animal Science series have been used as textbooks in classrooms across the world.

Iguanas are large, primeval appearing animals that have always attracted considerable attention and sicentific study. The 30 species of iguanas are today collectively referred to as iguanines, or the subfamily Iguaninae, of the lizard family Iguanidae. This book is the result of a symposium of worldwide scientists on the world's iguanas that was held at a joint meeting of the Society of the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles and The Herpetologist's League. Over 30 recognized experts submitted their studies of these interesting reptiles, and have published what was once unknown and unpublished information. This book was a leader in its time, and still serves as a wonderful reference for scientist and student alike.

Elsevier's Dictionary of Nature and Hunting" contains terms covering the following fields and subfields:

A. Plants and Ecosystems: Species, Cenoses
B. Animals: Species
C. Domestic Animals: General, Dogs, Horses, Cattle and Poultry
D. Hunting and Fishing: Game Names, Arms, Trapping, Methods.

It includes 5,594 terms, both scientific and common, in English, French, German and Russian and in Latin (for the generally accepted biological terms for European and North Asian plants and animals).

The dictionary was developed with the help of Russian specialists - scientists from the Severtsov Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, officials from the Union of the Hunters and Fishers of Russia, and French colleagues from various organizations dealing with environment protection and natural resources: OMPO (Oiseaux Migrateurs du Palearctique Occidental), ANCGE (Association National des Chasseurs du Gibier d'Eau), ONC (Office National de la Chasse) and CIC (Conseil International de la Chasse et de la Protection du Gibier).

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Research of the past ten years has made it increasingly clear that domestic animals and wild animals differ in their nutritional requirements. Nutritional management, beneficial to domestic animals, may actually be life-threatening to wild ones. This new edition of Wildlife Feeding and Nutrition has been thoroughly updated to reflect recent insights, especially with regard to wildlife nutrition essential to successful management either in the wild or in captivity.
Zoological garden and laboratory personnel, wildlife biologists, ecologists, animal nutritionists, and veterinarians will benefit from this new edition.

Aimed primarily at advanced graduate students and professional biologists, this book explores the degree to which animal*b1plant interactions are determined by plant and animal variability. Many of the patterns seen in natural communities appear to result from cascading effects up as well as down the trophic system. Variability among primary producers can influence animal and plant population quality and dynamics, community structure, and the evolution of animal*b1plant interations.

The second edition of "Tigers of the World" explores tiger biology, ecology, conservation, management, and the science and technology that make this possible. In 1988, when the first edition was published, tiger conservation was still in its infancy, and two decades later there has been a revolution not only in what is known, but how information about tigers is obtained and disseminated. In the fast changing world of conservation, there is a great need to summarize the vast and current state-of-the-art, to put this into historical perspective, and to speculate in what yet remains to be done. "Tigers of the World, 2e" fulfills this need by bringing together in a unique way the world s leading tiger experts into one volume. Despite the challenges ahead, there are bright spots in this story and lessons aplenty not only for tiger specialists but large carnivore specialists, conservation biologists, wildlife managers, natural resource policymakers, and most importantly the caring public.

*Examines the past twenty years of research from the world s leading tiger expertson biology, politics, and conservation.

*Describes latest methods used to disseminate and obtaininformation needed for conservation and care of this species.

*Includes coverage on genetics and ecology, policy, poaching and trade, captive breeding and farming, and the status of Asia s last wild tigers.

*Excellent resource for grad courses in conservation biology, wildlife management, and veterinary programs.

*New volume continues the classic Noyes Series in Animal Behavior, Ecology, Conservation and Management. "

The great white shark, Carcharodon carcharias, is a marquee predator made famous by movie and myth. This text brings together the real evidence of both ecology and behaviour of these animals. This international team of separates fact from fiction and establishes a baseline from which additional research of great white sharks and sharks in general might proceed. The chapters are divided into sections on the geographic distribution, evolutionary history, behaviour with particular emphasis on the predatory relationship to seals and sea lions, movements and abundance of the species, and its interactions with man. Many of the scientific contributions resulted from the 1993 symposium in Bodega Bay, California, that attracted more than 80 specialists from around the world.