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Books > Professional & Technical > Environmental engineering & technology > Sanitary & municipal engineering > Water supply & treatment
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Animal Waste, Water Quality and Human Health (Hardcover)
Loot Price: R2,777
Discovery Miles 27 770
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Animal Waste, Water Quality and Human Health (Hardcover)
Series: WHO Water Series
Expected to ship within 12 - 17 working days
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Domestic animals contaminate recreational waters and drinking-water
sources with excreta and pathogens; but this threat to public
health is inadequately understood and is insufficiently addressed
in regulations. More than 85% of the world's faecal wastes is from
domestic animals such as poultry, cattle, sheep and pigs. These
animals harbor zoonotic pathogens that are transported in the
environment by water, especially runoff. However little information
exists on health effects associated with exposure to this potential
hazard to human health; and water standards focused on control of
human fecal contamination do reflect the contribution of non-human
fecal contamination to risk. Does compliance with current
monitoring practices using microbial indicators provide protection
against animal and bird sources of fecal contamination? Prepared
with contributions from a group of international experts, Animal
Waste, Water Quality and Human Health considers microbial
contamination from domestic animal and bird sources and explores
the health hazards associated with this microbial contamination and
approaches to protecting public health. Animal Waste, Water Quality
and Human Health will be of interest to regulators with
responsibility for recreational waters, drinking water quality and
water reuse; policymakers working in water quality, public health
and agriculture; decision makers responsible for livestock
management; and scientists and practitioners concerned with many
affected subjects. Topics covered include: Credible waterborne
zoonotic pathogens are discussed and ranked according to their
potential hazard level. Each pathogen is described with regard to
their sources, reservoirs, and infectivity. Faecal production rates
of various domestic animals are discussed, alongside pathogen
transmission in animal populations, pathogen prevalence in animals
and "supershedders". Transport of fecal indicator organisms and
their episodic occurrence in catchments. Interventions for
improving food safety and reducing production losses. The impact of
interventions, e.g. enhanced attenuation and storage to prevent
spills; benchmarking against best management practices to reduce
diffuse source contamination. Models to inform design of farm-scale
best management practices and the effectiveness of best management
practices for attenuating pathogen transport within catchments. The
complex nature of human exposure to zoonotic waterborne pathogens;
including the relationships among livestock waste contamination,
water impairment, zoonotic pathogens, and human infection and
illness. Human exposure interventions include case studies that
discuss eradicating disease in discharging populations, adding
filtration to minimal treated water to reduce Cryptosporidium
occurrence and UV disinfection of beach waters to reduce beach
postings. Indicators, sanitary surveys and source attribution
techniques; risk assessment of exposure to zoonotic pathogens,
including an interactive risk comparison approach. A review of
epidemiological studies that address the relationship between
swimmer illness and exposure to waters contaminated by nonhuman
fecal wastes. Economic evaluation of the costs and benefits
associated with animal waste management and human health.
General
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